Pinguicula rosmarieae Casper, Bussmann & T.Henning, 2020

Casper, S. Jost, Bussmann, Rainer W. & Henning, Tilo, 2020, Pinguicula rosmarieae Casper, Bussmann & T. Henning (Lentibulariaceae), a new butterwort from the Amotape-Huancabamba Zone (northern Peru), PhytoKeys 140, pp. 107-123 : 107

Pinguicula rosmarieae Casper, Bussmann & T.Henning sp. nov. Figs 1 A-H , 3A

Type.

Peru: Dept. San Martín, Prov. Huallaga ["Dept. Amazonas, Prov. Chachapoyas" (sic!)], Lagunas de los Cóndores (06°50'40.5"S, 77°41'52.2"W), 3,000 m a.s.l. Violet-white flowers, diameter up to 100 mm. Lithophyte, 24 May 2001, T. Henning & C. Schneider 275. (Holotype: HUT 41126!: det. Pinguicula spec. - Figs 1H , 3A ; Isotypes: B: B 100136110 (Fig. 2A )! B 100136109!)

Diagnosis.

Herba perennis rosulata, rosula ca. 100 mm in diametro; lamina foliorum circuito suborbiculata vel obovata, margine vix (~3 mm) involuta, ca. 30-40 mm longa ac lata, solum plusminusve adpressa; scapus 1(-4), erectus, 20-40 mm altus, teres; flores 1, parvi, ~8-10 mm longi (tubo-calcari incluso), bilabiati; calyx lobis oblongis, lobis superis usque ad basin fere divisis, lobis inferis usque ad dimidium divisis, ad angulum ~45° divaricatis; corolla lobis 5, oblongis, ~5-7 mm longis, subisolobatis, apice valde emarginatis; corollae tubum infundibuliformi-cylindraceum cum calcari conico ± uniformem rectum coniunctionem formans, 5-6 mm longum apice obtusum.

Habitatio in locis apertis et humidis montium Andinensium regionis Peruviae septentrionalis usque ad 3.100 m supra mare, praesertim ad rupes et saxa. Habitu Pinguiculae Andinensium simili, praecipue differt tubo-calcari-coniunctio recto uniformi.

Description.

Perennial rosette leaved herb with 1 (-4) flowered scapes. Rhizome ~ 10 mm long, with numerous adventitious fibrous roots. Leaves (4-) 6-10, flat on the ground, ± succulent (dried translucent-membranous), adult (20-) 30-40 (-50) mm long, nearly as long as wide, the blades ovate-obovate-oblong in outline, rounded at the tip attenuated to the base into a short petiole, the margins weakly (up to 3 mm) curled up, yellowish-green, upper surface of lamina covered with sessile glandular hairs. Hibernacula (winter buds, dormant buds) absent. Scapes 1-2 (-4), erect, (20-) 30 (-40) mm tall, terete, filiform (0.5-1 mm thick), one-flowered, green to reddish-brown, scattered with glandular hairs, often becoming glabrous or nearly so. Flowers small, ~8-10 (-11) mm long (including tube-spur-complex). Calyx two-lipped, green to pale brown to purple, upper surface of sepals scattered with stalked glandular hairs; upper lip divided deeply into three nearly equal-sized oblong lobes, at apex pointed; lower lip up to ½ divided into two oblong lobes, at apex pointed. Corolla two-lipped, bluish-magenta to white-violet; upper lip two-lobed, lobes obovate, ~5-6 mm long and ~2-3.5 mm wide, shallowly notched at the apex; lower lip larger and longer than the upper lip, with three oblong to obovate-oblong lobes (the median lobe somewhat larger than the two lateral ones), 4.5-5 mm wide, each distinctly (~1/5 to 1/3 of its length) notched. Tube (tube-spur-complex) at the throat funnel-shaped, on both sides broader than the spur, on the back side higher than the spur, proximally cylindrical (nearly as long as wide), on the ventral side merging without any sharp angle into the cylindrical to cone-like stubby, at apex rounded, yellow-greenish spur; tube and spur forming a more or less uniform funnel- to cone-like straight, from the ventral side appearing as a box-like ' tube-spur-complex ', ~6 mm long; the tube-spur-complex externally dark blue to purple lengthwise-striped by parallel veins. Palate bipartite, weakly developed (not clapper-like), inserted immediately behind (~1-2 mm) the corollas´ lower-lip middle lobe, yellow, set with short-stalked glandular hairs, proximally elongated into a short ventral hair strip; each of the two lateral corolla lobes with a small yellow hair bubble at their base, stretching proximally along on each side of the inner tube wall. Indumentum (apart from that visible in the photographs), stamens, pollen grains, ovary, stigma, capsule, seeds not seen. Chromosome number unknown.

Pinguicula rosmarieae is distinguished by its notable uniform funnel-cone-shaped straight tube-spur-complex, a feature unknown in any other Andean Pinguicula taxon. It is an endemic species, restricted to the eastern slopes of the Cordillera Central within the Amotape-Huancabamba-Zone of northern Peru (Departments Amazonas and San Martín; Fig. 4 ). It grows in rocky habitats, either under moving water or in the spray of small waterfalls and occasionally epiphytic on moss-covered twigs of Polylepis multijuga , at altitudes of about 2500 m-3100 m a.s.l. (Fig. 3 ).

Etymology.

The new species is named after Dipl.-Biol. Rosmarie Casper, beloved wife and steady companion of the scientific efforts of S. J. Casper and mother of their children.

Figures

Figure 1. Pinguicula rosmarieae (A-H) and P. calyptrata (I, J). A P. rosmarieae, 2 - scaped; upper flower opened, in profile view, lower one in bud; epiphytic on Polylepis multijuga Pilg., in Polylepis multijuga - Iochroma stenanthum S. Leiva, Quip. & N. W. Sawyer - dominated cloud forest. Peru, Department San Martin, close to ' El Jardin' (Inca-hut and surrounding area east of the Laguna Huayabamba), 3,090 m a. s. l., 06 ° 56 ' 044 " S, 077 ° 41 ' 54 " W B ditto, flower, profile view C ditto, flower, semi-ventral view D ditto, flower, dorsal view E P. rosmarieae rosette from the northernmost known habitat, " Hatumpampa " Department Amazonas, Province Bongara (no voucher specimen) F ditto, flower, semi-ventral view G ditto, flower ventral view H corolla in frontal view, lower-lip lobes to 1 / 4 of its length notched, throat without distinct palate. Peru, Department San Martin, Laguna de los Condores (Henning & Schneider 275) I P. calyptrata, corolla in frontal view, lobes with lateral margins slightly covering each other, lower-lip lobes to 1 / 6 of its length notched, throat with clapper-like yellow palate. Peru, Department San Martin, Sphagnum-bog, 3,000 m a. s. l. above the Laguna de los Condores (Bussmann, A. Glenn, G. Chait & C. Vega Ocana 16447) J flowering stand of P. calyptrata near Pulan, Cajamarca. (Credits: photographs A-D, I R. W. Bussmann E-G, J L. Santa Cruz Cervera H T. Henning).

Figure 2. Specimen scans of Pinguicula rosmarieae and P. calyptrata. A Isotype of P. rosmarieae - Scan (Henning & Schneider 275, B 100136110), with permission B paratype, from vertical sandstone cliff east of the Laguna Huayllabamba, 3,250 m a. s. l., the three flowers (left) showing corollas with their significant straight uniform tube-spur-complex. The rosette is composed of flat outspread leaves. - Scan of MO 6607881, with permission C P. calyptrata, the leaves have curled up margins and the corollas are typical tri-partite in corolla, tube and spur. The corolla lobes are nearly equal-sized, the tube funnel-shaped and the spur short and angled with the tube. - Scan MO 6589755; with permission.

Figure 3. Habitats of Pinguicula rosmarieae in the Department San Martin. A Large stands at the type locality above the Laguna de los Condores B sandstone rock walls with small waterfall near ' El Jardin' C ' El Jardin' Polylepis multijuga stands with P. rosmarieae growing as an epiphyte. (Credits: A T. Henning, B, C R. W. Bussmann).

Figure 4. Distribution of Pinguicula rosmarieae and related taxa based on geo-referenced collections. Green stars: P. rosmarieae, red dots: P. calyptrata, yellow square: P. involuta, dotted line: northern and southern limits of the Amotape-Huancabamba-Zone.