Amplirhagada turbinensis, Köhler & Johnson, 2012

Köhler, Frank & Johnson, Michael S., 2012, Species limits in molecular phylogenies: a cautionary tale from Australian land snails (Camaenidae: Amplirhagada Iredale, 1933), Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society (Zool. J. Linn. Soc.) 165 (2), pp. 337-362 : 355

AMPLIRHAGADA TURBINENSIS SP. NOV.

FIGURES 7S , 16 , 17

Type locality: Western Australia, Kimberley, Bonaparte Archipelago, Turbin Island , 14°28′55.1″S, 125°00′03.9″E .

Material examined ( Table 1): Holotype WAM S42945 (dissected specimen) . Paratypes WAM S42946 (four preserved specimens) .

Etymology: For Turbin Island, adjective of feminine gender.

Description: Shell ( Fig. 7S ) globose to broadly conical with medium high spire, thick, periphery evenly rounded ( Table 3); background and ventral colour crème, with well-marked brown, sub-sutural, and mid-whorl bands; outer lip white; teleoconch with axial growth lines only. Umbilicus 90–100% concealed by columellar reflection ( Table 4). Aperture simple, slightly to well expanded, slightly reflected, with weak or wanting basal node. Genital anatomy ( Figs 16 , 17 ). Penis tubular, long, straight; vas deferens entering penial sheath about half way up, penial retractor muscle short; penial verge rather short (1/8 length of penial chamber), pointed; inner penial wall with narrow, conical, regularly corrugated main pilaster, tapering in prominence and thickness towards both ends; entire inner penial wall with large, rounded pustules, fused to each other forming indistinct, corrugated longitudinal pilasters. Vagina moderate in length (shorter than penis), inflated; bursa copulatrix moderately long, extending to anterior end of spermoviduct, with weakly inflated head.

Comparative remarks: Shell most similar to A. berthierana in shape and colour but smaller. Differs most conspicuously by inner penial wall anatomy with rather large, rounded pustules, fused to form corrugated longitudinal pilasters while A. berthierana has very fine pustulation and A. intermedia rhomboid pustules.

Distribution: Turbin Island only ( Fig. 6 ).

Figures

Figure 6. Map of the study area with known occurrences of Amplirhagada species as documented by Solem (1981) and Köhler (2010a, 2011a, c). Triangles (in italics): Localities of known species: and, A. anderdonensis; bas, A. basilica; ber, A. berthierana; boo, A. boongareensis; buf, A. buffonensis; cam, A. camdenensis; cof, A. coffea; dec, A. decora; dis, A. discoidea; epi; A. epiphallica; for, A. forrestiana; gem, A. gemina; gib, A. gibsoni; glo, A. globosa; int, A. intermedia; inu, A. inusitata; kes, A. kessneri; kim, A. kimberleyana; lam, A. lamarckiana; lin, A. lindsayae; mon, A. montalivetensis; pue, A. puescheli; reg, A. regia; sph, A. sphaeroidea; tri, A. tricenaria; uwi, A. uwinsensis; via, A. vialae; yor, A. yorkensis. Circles (in bold): material studied herein: alb, A. albertiana sp. nov. (Albert Island); emo, A. ambulator sp. nov. (East Montalivet Island group); lul-wip, A. gemina; nma, A. intermedia (North Maret Island); prr, A. tealei sp. nov. (Mainland View, Prince Regent Reserve); sb, A. imperialis sp. nov. (Boongaree Island); sma, A. intermedia (South Maret and Natfi Island); tur, A. turbinensis sp. nov. (Turbin island); wal, A. montalivetensis (Walker Island); wmo, A. fitzpatricki sp. nov. (West Montalivet Island).

Figure 7. Shells of CLADES 1 and 2 (columns showing front view, top view, basal view each). A–C, Amplirhagada montalivetensis (Smith, 1894). A, lectotype of Helix (Hadra) montalivetensis Smith, 1894 NHMUK 1890.12.30.138–142, Montalivet Island. B, paralectotype AM C33896. C, WAM S33021 (Walker Island). D–H, Amplirhagada ambulator sp. nov. D, paratype WAM S33019 (East Montalivet Island). E, East Montalivet Island (WAM S33018). F, Patricia Island (WAM S33027). G, East Montalivet Island (WAM S42934). H, Don Island (WAM S33025). I–P, Amplirhagada intermedia (Solem, 1981). I, North Maret Island (WAM S42940). J, North Maret Island (WAM S33007). K, North Maret Island (WAM S33007). L, North Maret Island (WAM S42939). M, South Maret Island (WAM S42943). N, South Maret Island (WAM S42942). O, South Maret Island (WAM S42941). P, Natfi Island (WAM S42944). Q–R, Amplirhagada fitzpatricki sp. nov. paratypes West Montalivet Island (WAM S33010). S, Amplirhagada turbinensis sp. nov. paratype, Turbin Island (WAM S42946). T–U, Amplirhagada berthierana Köhler, 2010a, Berthier Island. T, paratype WAM S33029. U, holotype WAM S34611. V, Amplirhagada albertiana sp. nov. paratype Albert Island (WAM S33000). Note that foot tissue protrudes from some of the shells. Scale bar = 10 mm.

Figure 16. Genital anatomy of Amplirhagada turbinensis sp. nov. holotype WAM S42945 (Turbin Island). Abbreviations: ag, albumen gland; at, atrium; bc, bursa copulatrix; p, penis; rm, penial retractor muscle; so, spermoviduct; vd, vas deferens; vg, vagina. Scale bar = 10 mm.

Figure 17. Penial anatomy of Amplirhagada turbinensis sp. nov. holotype WAM S42945 (Turbin Island). Abbreviations: iwp, inner penial wall; mp, main pilaster of inner penial wall; pv, penial verge; rm, penial retractor muscle; sh, penial sheath. Scale bar = 5 mm.