Heterometrus cimrmani Kovařík, 2004

Kawai, Kazusa, Unnahachote, Thornthan, Suttisatid, Yossaphon & Tang, Victoria, 2023, А Review of Heterometrus in Thailand (Scorpiones: Scorpionidae), Euscorpius 373, pp. 1-25 : 3-6

Heterometrus cimrmani Kovařík, 2004 , stat. rev.

( Figures 4–5 , 12–13 , 20–21 , 30–31 , 40–41 , 50–51 , 58–59 , 62–66 , 82 ; Table 1) http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:3F0AD508-

4275-459B-B3F5-47E8B67C3688

Heterometrus spinifer spinifer: Couzijn, 1981: 89–91 (misidentification, part).

Heterometrus spinifer solitarius: Couzijn, 1981: 96 (misidentification, part).

Heterometrus cimrmani Kovařík, 2004: 1–2 , 7, 9–11, 23, 42, 51, 53 (part), tables 1, 2 (part), fig. 11; 2009: 35–36, 46, 48–49, 75, 99, 102 (part), table 1 (part), figs. 14–19, 194– 195, 232–237; Booncham et al., 2007: 43.

Heterometrus laevigatus: Prendini & Loria, 2020: 236–237 , 240–241, 245 (part), figs. 7E, 9E, 10, 23A, B, 37A, B, 50A–D, 67D, 68D, 69D, 158, 164–168 (part), table 2 (part).

TYPE LOCALITY AND TYPE DEPOSITORY. Thailand, Trang Province, Trang env. [Trang, 07.56°N 99.62°E] ; FKCP.

MATERIAL EXAMINED. Thailand, Nakhon Si Thammarat Province, Thung Song District, Nam Tok [08.48°N 99.85°E], 1 November 2021, 1♀ (THNHM-Ar-00000006), leg. T . Unnahachote , TUPC ; Amphoe Ronpiboon District, Tombon Ronpiboon [06.72°N 100.17°E], May 2022, 6♂ 6♀, TUPC ; Narathiwat Province, Choairong District, Bukit [06.23°N 101.86°E], 20 June 2022, 2♀ (not collected) ; Trang Province, Ratsada District , at the border with Nakhon Si Thammarat [07.95°N 99.71°E], 2021, 2♂ 5♀, TUPC ; Nong Bua [07.97°N 99.71°E], 28 August 2021, 1♂ (THNHM- Ar-00000005), leg. A. Samutjit, TUPC .

DIAGNOSIS (modified from Kovařík, 2004). Total length of adults 98–115 mm (male holotype 111 mm, female allotype 98 mm). Base color of adults uniformly black, cuticular surface moderately lustrous ( Figs. 62–66 ). Carapace with dorsal essentially smooth and laterals heavily granulated; dorsal profile triangular (resembles isosceles trapezoid) ( Figs. 20–21 ). Tergite surface essentially smooth with few granules in both sexes ( Fig. 66 ). PTC 14–17 in both sexes. Pedipalps relatively elongated (more slender in males, thicker and shorter in females) among congeners ( Figs. 62–65 ); ChL/W: ♂ 2.8–3.0, ♀ 2.1–2.5; FL/W: ♂ 2.6– 2.8, ♀ 2.1–2.3; PL/W: ♂ 2.6–3.0, ♀ 2.5; FL/CL: ♂ 0.9–1.0, ♀ 0.7–0.8. Dorsal surface of chelal manus moderately reticulated in both sexes, more so in females ( Figs. 30–31 ); prodorsal surface scattered with minute spiniform granules ( Figs. 50–51 ); fixed finger shorter than manus ( Figs. 40– 41 ). Male finger relatively curved, manus wide in vertical aspect ( Fig. 50 ). Metasoma with VSM intercarinal distance wide; DL and DSM on metasoma I–IV curved in males; telson in adults reddish black to pitch black ( Figs. 4–5 , 12–13 ).

DISTRIBUTION. The species is distributed in southern Thailand, from the Marui River and Nakhon Si Thammarat Mountain Range to the Bang Lang and Sai Bui rivers and Sankalakhiri Mountain Range. This species has also been recorded from Langkawi Island ( Malaysia).

Figures

Figure 82: Arm-span competition between males of Heterometrus cimrmani from Phattalung.

Figures 4–11: Comparison of Heterometrus spp. in Thailand, metasoma and telson in dorsal aspect. Figures 4–5. H. cimrmani, male from Trang (4) and female from Nakhon Si Thammarat (5), THNHM. Figures 6–7. H. minotaurus, male (6) and female from Surat Thani (7), THNHM. Figures 8–9. H. silenus, male from Chanthaburi (8) and female from Chonburi (9), TUPC. Figures 10–11. H. laoticus, male (10) and female from Lamphun (11), TUPC.

Figures 12–19: Comparison of Heterometrus spp. in Thailand, metasoma and telson in ventral aspect. Figures 12–13. H. cimrmani, male from Trang (12) and female from Nakhon Si Thammarat (13), THNHM. Figures 14–15. H. minotaurus, male (14) and female from Surat Thani (15), THNHM. Figures 16–17. H. silenus, male from Chanthaburi (16) and female from Chonburi (17), TUPC. Figures 18–19. H. laoticus, male (18) and female from Lamphun (19), TUPC.

Figures 20–29: Comparison of Heterometrus spp. in Thailand, prosoma in dorsal aspect. Figures 20–21. H. cimrmani, male from Trang (20) and female from Nakhon Si Thammarat (21), THNHM. Figures 22–23. H. minotaurus, male (22) and female from Surat Thani (23), THNHM. Figures 24–25. H. silenus, male from Chanthaburi (24) and female from Chonburi (25), TUPC. Figures 26–27. H. laoticus, male (26) and female from Lamphun (27), TUPC. Figures 28–29. H. spinifer, males from Yala (28) and Narathiwat (29), TUPC.

Figures 30–39: Comparison of Heterometrus spp. in Thailand, chela in dorsal aspect (trichobothria indicated by red circles). Figures 30–31. H. cimrmani, male from Trang (30) and female from Nakhon Si Thammarat (31), THNHM. Figures 32–33. H. minotaurus, male (32) and female from Surat Thani (33), THNHM. Figures 34–35. H. silenus, male from Chanthaburi (34) and female from Chonburi (35), TUPC. Figures 36–37. H. laoticus, male (36) and female from Lamphun (37), TUPC. Figures 28–29. H. spinifer, males from Yala (38) and Narathiwat (39), TUPC.

Figures 40–49: Comparison of Heterometrus spp. in Thailand, chela in external aspect (trichobothria indicated by red circles). Figures 40–41. H. cimrmani, male from Trang (40) and female from Nakhon Si Thammarat (41), THNHM. Figures 42–43. H. minotaurus, male (42) and female from Surat Thani (43), THNHM. Figures 44–45. H. silenus, male from Chanthaburi (44) and female from Chonburi (45), TUPC. Figures 46–47. H. laoticus, male (46) and female from Lamphun (47), TUPC. Figures 48–49. H. spinifer, males from Yala (48) and Narathiwat (49), TUPC.

Figures 50–57: Comparison of Heterometrus spp. in Thailand, chela in ventral aspect (trichobothria indicated by red circles). Figures 50–51. H. cimrmani, male from Trang (50) and female from Nakhon Si Thammarat (51), THNHM. Figures 52–53. H. minotaurus, male (52) and female from Surat Thani (53), THNHM. Figures 54–55. H. silenus, male from Chanthaburi (54) and female from Chonburi (55), TUPC. Figures 56–57. H. laoticus, male (56) and female from Lamphun (57), TUPC.

Figures 58–61: Heterometrus spp., post-mating spermatophores in bilateral aspects. Figures 58–59. H. cimrmani from Trang. Figures 60–61. H. minotaurus from Surat Thani.

Figures 62–65: Heterometrus cimrmani, in dorsal (62, 64) and ventral (63, 65) aspects; scale bar = 10 mm. Figures 62–63. Male from Trang, THNHM. Figures 64–65. Female from Nakhon Si Thammarat, THNHM.

Figures 66–67: Courtship in Heterometrus spp., between males (left) and females (right). Figure 66. H. cimrmani from Trang. Figure 67. H. minotaurus from Surat Thani.