Clavulinopsis imperata A.N.M. Furtado & M.A. Neves, 2016

Furtado, Ariadne N. M., Daniëls, Pablo P. & Neves, Maria Alice, 2016, New species and new records of Clavariaceae (Agaricales) from Brazil, Phytotaxa 253 (1), pp. 1-26 : 16-17

Clavulinopsis imperata A.N.M. Furtado & M.A. Neves , sp. nov.

MB 816059

Diagnosis:—This species is characterized by its unbranched, light yellow to greenish yellow strigose basidiomata; subglobose hyaline basidiospores (6.0−8.0 × 6.0−7.5 μm) with a large guttule that becomes greenish yellow in mature basidiospores; basidia clamped, 4-sterigmate; context with subparallel, inflated, irregularly thick-walled hyphae; clamps scattered and inconspicuous.

Etymology:—The name refers to the type location, Santo Amaro da Imperatriz.

Holotype:— BRAZIL. Santa Catarina: Santo Amaro da Imperatriz, Hotel Plaza Caldas da Imperatriz, Trilha da Pousada , 27º70'39"S, 48º80'37"W, 26 July 2013, A.N.M. Furtado 482 (FLOR 56313).

Basidiomata ( Fig. 1k ) 2.7−5.5 × 0.3−0.8 cm, unbranched, solitary. Clavula light yellow (2A5) to greenish yellow (2B8), spathulate, flattened, strigose, apex subacute; stipe 1.0 × 0.3 cm, fairly distinct, slightly strigose at the base. Context solid, becoming hollow, pale yellow (1A3); smell and taste unknown.

Basidiospores ( Fig. 12a ) 6.0−8.0 × 6.0−7.5 μm (Q=1.08), subglobose, hyaline, smooth, thin-walled, uniguttulate, with a large guttule that becomes greenish yellow at maturity, inamyloid; hilar appendage up to 1.0 μm long. Basidia ( Fig. 12b ) 43−54 × 7.0−10 μm, subclavate, clamped; 4-sterigmate, 6.0−12 (−20) μm long. Cystidia absent. Hymenium 65−75 μm thick, absent in stipe. Subhymenium 25−37 μm thick, composed of inflated hyphae 9.5−11 μm wide, partially clamped. Context ( Fig. 12 cd) with subparallel 7.0−15 μm wide, inflated, thin-walled but with many irregularly thick-walled hyphae ( Fig. 12d ), hyaline, clamps scattered and inconspicuous.

Habitat and distribution:—In the Atlantic Forest this species is found on soil with litter. Known only from the type locality.

Remarks:—In the field, Clavulinopsis imperata can be mistaken for Cs. amoena due to the morphology of the basidiomata, especially because of its greenish yellow color. However, Cs. amoena typically has thin-walled hyphae and small orange granules in the subhymenial hyphae that become green when exposed to iodine ( Corner 1950). Clavulinopsis spiralis is also similar, but differs from Cs. imperata by its smaller basidiospores (5.5−7.0 × 4.0−6.5 μm) and the absence of irregularly thick-walled hyphae ( Corner 1950, Petersen 1968, 1978). The presence of irregularly thick-walled hyphae in the context has not been described in previous works about Clavulinopsis ( Corner 1950, 1967a, 1967b, 1970, Petersen 1968, 1978, 1979) and is a characteristic that should be checked in other species of the genus.

Figures

FIGURE 1. Photographs of basidiomata in the field. a Clavaria diverticulata (ACM 1044); b. Ca. fragilis (ACM 1041); c. Ca. fumosa (ACM 598); d. Ca. gibbsiae (ANMF 484); e. Ca. subglobosa (MAN 732); f. Ca. zollingeri (ANMF 365); g. Clavulinopsis amoena (KEL 21); h. Cs. aurantiocinnabarina (ANMF 382); i. Cs. dimorphica (ACM 1051); j. Cs. helvola (KEL 34); k. Cs. imperata (ANMF 482); l. Cs. laeticolor (ANMF 495); m. Cs. spiralis (MAN 1077); n. Ramariopsis kunzei (ACM 596). Bars = 1.0 cm. Photographs by Altielys C. Magnago (A, B, C, I, N) and Raquel Friedrich (G).

FIGURE 12. Microcharacters of Clavulinopsis imperata (ANMF 482). a. Basidiospores; b. Basidia; c. Hyphae with irregularly thickened wall; d. Hyphae with irregularly thickened walls. Bars = 10 μm.