Synergus xiaolongmeni, Melika & Ács & Bechtold, 2004

Melika, G., Ács, Z. & Bechtold, M., 2004, New Species Of Cynipid Inquilines From China (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Synergini), Acta Zoologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 50 (4), pp. 319-336 : 325-328

publication ID	https://doi.org/ 10.5281/zenodo.12586486
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/CC6387DD-0377-FFB4-FDF2-6677FD9163E6
treatment provided by	Felipe
scientific name	Synergus xiaolongmeni
status	sp. nov.

Treatment

Synergus xiaolongmeni sp. n.

( Figs 19–27 View Figs 19–22 View Figs 23–27 )

Description – Female. Head and mesosoma black, mesopleuron and propodeum dark brown; antenna light brown to yellow, with darker distal flagellomeres; tegula brown; wing veins light yellow; legs brown, with darker coxae; metasoma uniformly dark reddish brown. Head from above 2.1 times as wide as long, 1.3 times as broad as high and trapezoid in front view, broader than thorax, gena not broadened behind eye ( Figs 19–20 View Figs 19–22 ); POL 2.0 times as long as OOL, OOL equal or only very slightly longer than diameter of lateral ocellus; vertex, interocellar area and occiput dull rugose, frons

Figs 16–18. Synergus gallaepomiformis sp. n.: 16 = antenna, F1–F2, female, 17 = antenna, F1–F2, male, 18 = gaster, lateral view, female rugose with deep punctures, frontal carinae strong, reaching lateral ocelli, without distinct branching before ocelli; lower face (from antennal sockets to tip of clypeus) 0.8 times as high as distance between compound eyes, measured prolong transfacial line; lower face and gena with strong striae irradiating from clypeus to compound eye and antennal socket; malar space 0.8 times as long as height of eye ( Figs 19–20 View Figs 19–22 ). Antenna 14-segmented, F1 2.1 times as long as pedicel and 1.4 times as long as F2 ( Fig. 23 View Figs 23–27 ). Mesosoma 1.2 times as long as high in lateral view, pronotum dull rugose, with strong lateral pronotal carina; laterally with strong non-branched transverse rugae ( Fig. 21 View Figs 19–22 ); scutum quadrate from above, nearly as long as broad, coriaceous, with weak interrupted transverse rugae, interspaces between rugae coriaceous; notauli and median scutellar line deep, complete, reach pronotum ( Fig. 22 View Figs 19–22 ). Mesopleuron with strong uniform transverse striae ( Fig. 21 View Figs 19–22 ). Scutellum only slightly longer than broad, dull rugose, scutellar foveae with coriaceous bottom, separated by narrow distinct carina ( Fig. 22 View Figs 19–22 ). Propodeum finely coriaceous, lateral propodeal carinae straight, parallel, central area finely coriaceous to smooth; lateral parts of propodeum with dense white pubescence. Fore wing with pale yellow veins, margin ciliate; radial cell closed, 3.2 times as long as broad, areolet distinct, closed, second abscissa of Rs nearly straight ( Fig. 25 View Figs 23–27 ). Tarsal claws with basal lobe ( Fig. 26 View Figs 23–27 ). Metasomal terga 2+3 with posterior minute punctures, limited to small apical dorsal patch ( Fig. 27 View Figs 23–27 ). Length 2.0– 3.2 mm.

Male. Similar, but with brown lower face; antenna 15-segmented, F1 strongly expanded apically, F1 2.4 times as long as F2 ( Fig. 24 View Figs 23–27 ).

Type material – Holotype female: “ CHINA, Beijing Province, Mentougou District, 150 km NW of Beijing, 28.VII.2002; leg. G. Melika ”, “ Xiaolongmen Station , 1095 m a.s.l.; 39°59”220; 115°31.479, from Quercus sp ”, “ex leaf gall, Andricus sp. 2 ., em. 12–18.VIII.2002 ”, and “ Holotype. Female. Synergus xiaolongmeni Melika, Ács & Bechtold , desig. G. Melika 2003”; 12 female and 3 male paratypes with the same labels as the holotype.

Holotype, 2 female and 1 male paratypes in the HNHM, Budapest, Hungary; 2 female and 1 male paratypes in the Institute of Zoology of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing, China; 8 female paratypes and 1 male paratypes in the collection of the Systematic Parasitoid Laboratory, Kőszeg, Hungary.

Etymology – The species is named after the collecting locality, Xiaolongmen Biological Station.

Host cynipid galls – This species was reared from galls of “ Andricus sp. 2 ” – small rounded leaf galls, underside of leaves, collected from unknown species of oaks (Fig. 11).

Diagnosis – Closely related to a well-known and common, widely distributed Western Palaearctic species, Synergus pallicornis HARTIG, 1841 . In S. xiaolongmeni the head from above 2.1 times as wide as long; POL 2.0 times as long as OOL; the vertex, interocellar area, occiput and frons dull rugose, the frons rugose with deep punctures, frontal carinae without distinct branching before ocelli ( Figs 19–20 View Figs 19–22 ); F1 of the female antenna 2.1 times as long as pedicel and 1.4 times as long as F2 ( Fig. 23 View Figs 23–27 ), F1 of the male antenna strongly expanded apically, F1 2.4 times as long as F2 ( Fig. 24 View Figs 23–27 ); the sculpture of the scutum is dull, with strong transverse rugae, notauli and median scutellar line are deep, complete and reaching the pronotum ( Fig. 22 View Figs 19–22 ); female’s metasoma uniformly dark reddish brown, the apical patch of minute punctures smaller ( Fig. 27 View Figs 23–27 ). In S. pallicornis the head from above 2.4–2.5 times as wide as long; POL 2.75 times as long as OOL; the frons coriaceous, without punctures, lateral frontal carinae strong and often branched near ocelli; subparallel carinae are running transversely between lateral ocelli, and obliquely from each posterior ocellus to the margin of the occiput ( Figs 28–29 View Figs 28–30 ); F1 of the female antenna only 1.7–1.8 times as long as pedicel and 2.1 times as long as F2 (Fig. 31); F1 of the male antenna is less expanded apically and 1.5–1.7 times as long as F2 (Fig. 32); the scutum is coriaceous, notauli are complete but shallow, superficial, the median scutellar line reaching to the half way or less of the scutum ( Fig. 30 View Figs 28–30 ); female’s metasoma is black, the apical patch of minute punctures larger (Fig. 33).