Liriomyza violivora (Spencer)

Lonsdale, Owen, 2021, Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states, ZooKeys 1051, pp. 1-481 : 1

Liriomyza violivora (Spencer)

Figs 116 , 117 , 645-652

Galiomyza violivora Spencer in Spencer and Steyskal 1986b: 298; Scheffer et al. 2007: 772.

Liriomyza violivora . Lonsdale, 2017: 101; Scheffer and Lonsdale 2018: 87; Eiseman and Lonsdale 2018: 59.

Description

(Figs 116 , 117 , 652 ). Wing length 1.7-2.2 mm (♂), 1.8-2.0 mm (♀). Length of ultimate section of vein M4 divided by penultimate section: 1.9-2.5. Eye height divided by gena height: 2.5-3.4. Face and centre of frons soft. Fronto-orbital plate visible laterally and slightly projecting anteriorly. Clypeus broad anteriorly. Notum subshiny.

Chaetotaxy: Two to three ori; two ors. Postocellar and ocellar setae as long as ors. Orbital setulae dark, pronounced and reclinate. Four dorsocentrals, one presutural, decreasing in length anteriorly with anterior two subequal. Acrostichal setulae in four scattered rows.

Colouration: Head light brown to dirty yellow, with clypeus, palpus, back of head, face, and lower margin of gena (very dark and shiny) brown; lunule darker ventrally, broad and shallow; frons yellow with fronto-orbital plate dark brown; first flagellomere brownish to brown with dorsum darker and base yellowish (paler on inner surface); entire antenna dark brown in USA specimens. Scutum with complete yellow lateral stripe. Scutellum and metanotum dark brown. Pleuron brown with sutures yellowish (widest on anepimeron). Calypter margin and hairs dark. Legs brown with femora apices light brown.

Genitalia: (Figs 645-651 ) Epandrium with single spine (sometimes two on one side). Surstylus without spine, completely fused to epandrium. Basiphallus sclerotised on dorsal and left lateral surfaces, and with narrow sclerotised extension on right lateral surface; left and right apical margins produced into narrow extensions. Hypophallus membranous. Mesophallus cylindrical, approximately as long as, but narrower than swollen section of ejaculatory duct. Paraphallus narrow basally but broadly expanded apically and with inner margin arched inwards and narrowly fused to ventral suture on mesophallus. Distiphallus 1/2 length of mesophallus, darker than mesophallus, and entirely bifid with halves cup-shaped, tapering to base and with several minute spinules on inner surface. Ejaculatory apodeme with narrow blade expanding from short stem; sperm pump with hemispherical sclerotisation.

Variation: Dorsal margin of anepisternum yellow in Canadian specimens. USA specimens with fore coxa yellow and scutellum sometimes mostly to entirely dark brown.

Host.

Violaceae - Viola .

Distribution.

Canada: AB. USA: MD, MS, NC, NY, OH, PA.

Type material.

Holotype: USA. MS: Washington Co., Leland, emerged 4.vi.1979, G. McMinn (1♂, USNM).

Additional material examined.

USA. OH: Delaware Co., Sunbury, Monkey Hollow Rd. , 17.ix.2014, em. 8.x.2014, C.S. Eiseman, ex Viola pubescens , #CSE1395, CNC384890 (1♀, CNC), em. 23.iii.2015, #CSE1482, CNC654470 (1♂, CNC). Also s ee Lonsdale (2017) .

Figures

Figures 116 - 123. Liriomyza violivora (Spencer), male 116 lateral 117 head, anterior 118, 119 Metopomyza interfrontalis (Melander), male 118 lateral 119 head, anterior 120 Haplopeodes minutus (Frost), female, lateral 121 - 123 Nemorimyza posticata (Meigen), anterior, with illustration showing lateral tibial bristles.

Figures 645 - 652. Liriomyza violivora Spencer, male genitalia 645 external genitalia, ventral (subepandrial sclerite shaded) 646 external genitalia, posterior 647 external genitalia, anterior 648 external genitalia, left lateral 649 ejaculatory apodeme 650 phallus, left lateral 651 phallus, ventral. Originally published in Lonsdale (2017) 652 L. violivora, wing.