Ischnothyreus yunlong Tong & Li, 2021

Huang, Ying, Tong, Yanfeng, Bian, Dongju & Li, Shuqiang, 2021, One new species of the genus Ischnothyreus Simon, 1893 and re-description of I. yueluensis Yin & Wang, 1984 from China (Araneae, Oonopidae), Biodiversity Data Journal 9, pp. 66843-66843 : 66843

Ischnothyreus yunlong Tong & Li sp. n.

Materials

Type status: Holotype. Occurrence: individualID: SYNU-478; individualCount: 1; sex: male; lifeStage: adult; preparations: whole animal; disposition: in collection; Taxon: scientificName: Ischnothyreus yunlong; order: Araneae ; family: Oonopidae ; genus: Ischnothyreus ; Location : country: China; countryCode: CHN; stateProvince: Yunnan Province; county: Jianshui ; locality: Yunlong Mountain Scenic Area ; verbatimElevation: 1939 m a.s.l.; verbatimLatitude: 23 º 47.049'N; verbatimLongitude: 102 º 48.973'E; Identification : identifiedBy: Yanfeng Tong ; Event : eventDate: 28 May 2015 Type status: Paratype. Occurrence: individualID: SYNU-475-477; individualCount: 3; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; preparations: whole animal; Taxon: scientificName: Ischnothyreus yunlong; order: Araneae ; family: Oonopidae ; genus: Ischnothyreus ; Location : country: China; countryCode: CHN; stateProvince: Yunnan Province; county: Jianshui ; locality: Yunlong Mountain Scenic Area ; verbatimElevation: 1939 m a.s.l.; verbatimLatitude: 23 º 47.049'N; verbatimLongitude: 102 º 48.973'E; Identification : identifiedBy: Yanfeng Tong ; Event : eventDate: 28 May 2015

Description

Male (holotype) (in mm). Body: habitus as in Fig. 1 A, C and E; body length 1.75. Carapace (Fig. 1 B and E): 0.85 long, 0.67 wide; yellow, with faint egg-shaped patches behind eyes, ovoid in dorsal view, profile dome-shaped, pars cephalica smooth, pars thoracica finely reticulate. Clypeus (Fig. 1 F): rounded, slightly protruding, height about 1.45 times ALE diameter. Eyes (Fig. 1 B and F): six, well developed, ALE largest, PME smallest, posterior eye row straight from above, procurved from front. Sternum (Fig. 1 D): pale yellow, as long as wide. Mouthparts (Fig. 1 D and G-I, Fig. 2 I and M): chelicerae, endites and labium orange; chelicerae short, with large base, almost as wide as long, slightly recessed, fang with a flag-shaped process on proximal 1/3 and a small sclerotised process basally, fang groove with one large and a few small denticles; labium rounded, with sclerotised lateral margins; endites stout, anteromedian tip of endites with one strong, tooth-like projection. Abdomen: 0.91 long, 0.63 wide; dorsal scutum pale orange, oval, well sclerotised, covering 1/2 of abdomen width and approximately 3/5 of abdomen length, unfused to epigastric scutum; epigastric and postgastric scutum well sclerotised, pale orange, fused, postgastric scutum covering about 3/5 of abdomen length; spinneret scutum present, incomplete ring. Legs: pale orange, femur I with 2 prolateral spines, tibia I with 4 pairs, metatarsus I with 2 pairs of long ventral spines. Leg II spination similar to leg I, except femur with only 1 prolateral spine. Legs III and IV spineless. Sperm pore large, round, situated in front of anterior spiracles. Palp (Fig. 2 A-H and J-L): trochanter with ventral projection; femur normal size; patella about as long as femur, not enlarged; tibia with three trichobothria; cymbium fused with bulb; bulb simple, without distinct ventral protuberance, distal end elongated, with a sharp tooth-like extension, with a small dorsal protuberance and a broad, rectangular-shaped retrolateral lobe.

Female (SYNU-475) (in mm): same as male, except as noted. Body: habitus as in Fig. 3 A, C and E; body length 1.88. Carapace: 0.82 long, 0.68 wide, profile elevated. Clypeus lower, not protruding. Mouthparts: chelicerae unmodified; endite with serrula. Abdomen: 1.16 long, 0.77 wide; dorsal scutum covering 1/3 of abdomen length, about 1/4 of abdomen width. Epigastric area (Fig. 3 H and I): surface without external features. Endogyne (Fig. 3 J): from middle of slightly thickened margin of postgastric scutum runs a dark, tight complex winding tube, ending in a large bell-shaped sclerotised extension; posteriorly directed apodemes present.

Diagnosis

The new species is similar to Ischnothyreus bauri Richard, 2016 (female unknown) in the large retrolateral lobe of the palpal bulb, but can be distinguished by the absence of the ventral protuberance (Fig. 2 G and H) of the palpal bulb (vs. two ventral protuberances ( Richard et al. 2016: figs. 5A and B)) and the flag-shaped process (Fig. 2 I and M) on proximal 1/3 of the male chelicerae fang and the small sclerotised process of fang base (vs. strongly thickened on proximal 2/3 and unmodified fang base ( Richard et al. 2016: figs. 6A, B and C)). Females of the new species are similar to Ischnothyreus campanaceus Tong & Li, 2008, but can be distinguished by the small abdominal dorsal scutum (covering 1/3 of the abdomen length (Fig. 3 A) vs. nearly 5/6 of the abdomen length ( Tong 2013: fig. 44B)).

Etymology

The specific name is a noun in apposition from the type locality.

Distribution

Known only from the type locality (Fig. 7 ).

Figures

Figure 1. Ischnothyreus yunlong sp. n., holotype male. A. habitus, dorsal view; B. prosoma, dorsal view; C. habitus, ventral view; D. prosoma, ventral view; E. habitus, lateral view; F. prosoma, anterior view; G. left chelicerae, anterior view; H. left chelicerae, lateral view; I. left chelicerae, posterior view. Abbreviations: fp = flag-shaped process, ssp = small sclerotised process, stp = strong, tooth-like projection. Scale bars: 0.4 (A-F) and 0.05 (G-I).

Figure 2. Ischnothyreus yunlong sp. n., holotype male, light (A-C) and SEM (D-M) microphotographs A. left palp, prolateral view; B. left palp, dorsal view; C. left palp, retrolateral view; D. left palp, prolateral view; E. left palp, retrolateral view; F. distal part of palpal bulb, dorsal view; G. palpal bulb, prolateral view; H. palpal bulb, retrolateral view; I. left chelicerae, anterior view; J. distal part of palpal bulb, prolateral view; K. distal part of palpal bulb, retrolateral view; L. palpal bulb, dorsal view; M. left chelicerae, posterior view. Abbreviations: dp = dorsal protuberance, fp = flag-shaped process, rl = retrolateral lobe, ssp = small sclerotised process, ste = sharp, tooth-like extension, vp = ventral projection. Scale bars: 0.1 (A-E, G, H), 0.05 (I, L, M) and 0.02 (F, J, K).

Figure 3. Ischnothyreus yunlong sp. n., paratype female A. habitus, dorsal view; B. prosoma, dorsal view; C. habitus, ventral view; D. prosoma, ventral view; E. habitus, lateral view; F. prosoma, lateral view; G. prosoma, anterior view; H. epigastric region, ventral view; I. endogyne, ventral view; J. endogyne, dorsal view. Abbreviations: a = apodemes, bse = bell-shaped sclerotised extension, wt = winding tube. Scale bars: 0.4 (A-F), 0.2 (G, H) and 0.1 (I, J).

Figure 7. Distribution of two Ischnothyreus species from China. 1. I. yunlong sp. n. 2. I. yueluensis Yin & Wang, 1984.