Chrysomelinae, Latreille, 1802

Sampaio, Aline & Fonseca, Claudio Ruy Vasconcelos Da, 2023, Catalog of the Chrysomelinae (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) deposited in the entomological collections of the Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia (INPA) and the Universidade Federal do Amazonas (UFAM), Manaus, Brazil, with an illustrated key for the genera occurring in Brazil (except Aeneolucentia,, Zootaxa 5351 (1), pp. 37-71 : 39-41

Identification key for Chrysomelinae genera occurring in Brazil (except Aeneolucentia , Jermaniella , and Pandona )

1 Mesoventral process with spiniform projection (fig. 1)........................................................2.

- Mesoventral process without spiniform projection............................................................4.

2(1) Converging claws (fig. 2); apex of tarsomere V dorsally emargined (fig. 2). Distribution: Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, British Guiana, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guatemala, Mexico, Nicaragua, Paraguay, Parama, Peru, and Venezuela.......................................................................... Doryphora Illiger, 1807 .

- Divergent claws (fig. 3); apex of tarsomere V dorsally not emargined (fig. 3).......................................3.

3(2) Antennomeres IX and X longer than wide (fig. 4). Distribution: Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, British Guiana, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Suriname, Uruguay, and Venezuela........................................................................ Platyphora Gistel, 1857 .

- Antennomeres IX and X wider than long (fig. 5). Distribution: Brazil, Ecuador, and Peru.............................................................................................. Dorysterna Guérin-Méneville, 1855 .

4(1) Metaventral process elongate, with base twice as wide as apex (fig. 6). Distribution: Brazil.......... Metastyla Chapuis, 1874 .

- Metaventral process not elongated........................................................................5.

5(4) Base of prosternal process projected, usually forming a nearly straight angle, more visible in lateral view (fig. 7)..........6.

- Base of prosternal process not projected....................................................................7.

6(5) Smaller body size, usually 6.5–9 mm long; apex of prosternal process 3x wider than base (fig. 8). Distribution: Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, British Guiana, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, French Guiana, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Suriname, and Venezuela............................................................... Desmogramma Erichson, 1847 .

- Larger body size, usually 9.2–12 mm long; apex of prosternal process 1.5x wider than base (fig. 9). Distribution: Brazil................................................................................. Gramodesmma Achard, 1923.

7(5) Bifid or appendiculated claws (fig. 10)....................................................................8.

- Simple claws........................................................................................13.

8(7) Outer margin of elytra abruptly emargined at middle (fig. 11); apex of mesotibiae and metatibiae strongly widened, with oblique margin (fig. 12); bifid claws. Distribution: Brazil.............................. Trochalonota Westwood, 1834 .

- Outer margin of elytra not emarginate at middle (fig. 13); apex of mesotibiae and metatibiae slightly enlarged or not enlarged, with a straight or rounded margin (fig. 14); appendiculated claws................................................9.

9(8) Head usually visible in dorsal view; pronotum slightly convex; epipleura with anterior third slightly enlarged and slightly oblique or not (fig. 15)................................................................................10.

- Head usually not visible in dorsal view; pronotum strongly convex; epipleura with anterior third strongly enlarged and oblique (fig. 16)............................................................................................12.

10(9) Prosternal process with apex as wide as base, and anterior third not elevated (fig. 17); mesoventral process almost straight and with a depression on each side (fig. 17). Distribution: Brazil................................... Pixis Chevrolat, 1843 .

- Prosternal process with apex wider than base, and anterior third slightly elevated (fig. 18); mesoventral process oblique and without depression (fig. 18)............................................................................ 11.

11(10) Smaller body size, usually 3–4.5 mm long; antennomeres slightly globose (fig. 19). Distribution: Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil and Peru.............................................................................. Gavirga Stål, 1860 .

- Larger body size, usually 5–8 mm long; antennomeres elongated (fig. 20). Distribution: Argentina, Brazil, Chile, French Guiana, and Uruguay............................................................. Leioplacis Chevrolat, 1843 .

12(9) Antemomers V–VIII with elongated base and an apical lobe (fig. 21). Distribution: Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, and Venezuela...................................................................... Planagetes Chevrolat, 1843 .

- Antemomers V–VIII with short base and without apical lobe (fig. 22). Distribution: Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, and French Guiana................................................................................ Limenta Stål, 1860 .

13(7) Long antennae, usually reaching or exceeding half the elytra (fig. 23). Distribution: Bolivia, Brazil, British Guiana, Colombia, Ecuador, Guatemala, Peru, and Venezuela.............................................. Proseicela Chevrolat, 1836 .

- Short antennae, usually not reaching or extending half the elytra................................................14.

14(13) Convergent claws (fig. 24). Distribution: Argentina, Australia, Bolivia, Brazil, Canada, Colombia, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Georgia, Guatemala, Honduras, India, Mexico, Nicaragua, Pakistan, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Russia, South Africa, Spain, Sri Lanka, Ukraine, Uruguay, USA, and Venezuela....................................... Zygogramma Chevrolat, 1836 .

- Divergent claws......................................................................................15.

15(14) Tarsomere V with one or two spiniform ventroapical projections (figs. 25, 26).....................................16.

- Tarsomere V without projection.........................................................................20.

16(15) Tarsomere V with one ventroapical projection (fig. 25). Distribution: Algeria, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Australia, Belize, Bolivia, Brazil, British Guiana, Canada, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, El Salvador, England, Fiji, French Guiana, Germany, Grenada, Guatemata, Honduras, Mexico, New Caledonia, Nicaragua, Northern Ireland, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Portugal, Saint-Pierre and Miquelon, Samoa, Scotland, Solomon Islands, Suriname, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Uruguay, USA, Vanuatu, Venezuela, and Wales.............................. Calligrapha Chevrolat, 1836 .

- Tarsomere V with two ventroapical projections (fig. 26)......................................................17.

17(16) Antennomeres longer than wide (fig. 27)..................................................................18.

- Antennomeres wider than long (fig. 28)...................................................................19.

18(17) Dorsal surface matte; maxillary palpomere IV with slightly oblique apical margin (fig. 29). Distribution: Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, Paraguay, Peru, and Uruguay........................... Cosmogramma Erichson, 1847 .

- Dorsal surface bright; maxillary palpomere IV with straight apical margin (fig. 30). Distribution: Brazil and Peru................................................................................. Monocampta Motschulsky, 1860 .

19(17) Body form globose; pronotum with uniform punctuation; mesoventral process without a depression on each side (fig. 31). Distribution: Brazil............................................................... Eugonycha Chevrolat, 1843 .

- Body form elongated; pronotum with punctuation concentrated on the sides; mesoventral process with a depression on each side (fig. 32). Distribution: Brazil................................................... Linographa Motschoulsky, 1860 .

20(15) Front and clypeus with projected horn–shaped sides (figs. 33, 34). Distribution: Argentina, Brazil, and Paraguay............................................................................................ Eustilodes Achard, 1923 .

- Front and clypeus not projected.........................................................................21.

21(20) Metaventral process more prominent than mesoventral process (fig. 35)..........................................22.

- Metaventral process as prominent or less prominent than mesoventral process (fig. 36)..........................23.

22(21) Prosternal process with a thin keel extending from base to apex (fig. 37). Distribution: Brazil......... Dinahia Bechyně, 1946 .

- Prosternal process with a longitudinal depression extending from base to apex (fig. 38). Distribution: Brazil.......................................................................................... Grammomades Achard, 1923 .

23(21) Supraocular suture well defined (fig. 39); clypeus as long as wide (fig. 39); prosternal process with apex 2x wider than base (fig. 40). Distribution: Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Mexico, Peru, Uruguay, and USA...... Microtheca Stål, 1860 .

- Supraocular suture absent or barely defined (fig. 41); clypeus wider than long (fig. 41); prosternal process with apex as wide as base (fig. 42)........................................................................................24.

24(23) Mesoventral process 1.5–2x wider than long (fig. 42).........................................................25.

- Mesoventral process 4x wider than long (fig. 43)............................................................28.

25(24) Mesoventral process with anterior margin emargined and slightly raised (fig. 44)...................................26.

- Mesoventral process with anterior margin entire and slightly oblique or straight (fig. 45)..........................27.

26(25) Metanepisternum with abundant punctuation (fig. 46). Distribution: Argentina, Austria, Bolivia, Brazil, Canada, Chile, China, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Ecuador, England, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Grenada, Japan, Mexico, Mongolia, Netherlands, Northern Ireland, Norway, Paraguay, Peru, Poland, Russia, Scotland, South Korea, Spain, USA, Venezuela, and Wales............................................................................ Phaedon Latreille, 1829 .

- Metanepisternum with sparse punctuation (fig. 47). Distribution: Argentina, Australia, Austria, Belize, Bolivia, Brazil, Canada, Colombia, Chile, China, Costa Rica, Ecuador, El Salvador, England, Fiji, Finland, France, French Guiana, Germany, Guatemala, Guinea, Hispaniola, Honduras, Indonesia, Japan, Mexico, Mongolia, Morocco, Mozambique, Netherlands, Nicaragua, Northern Ireland, Norway, Pakistan, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Poland, Russia, Scotland, South Africa, South Korea, Spain, Togo, Turkey, USA, Venezuela, Wales, Zambia, and Zimbabwe....................... Plagiodera Chevrolat, 1836 .

27(25) Pronotum with punctuation restricted to the maculation or maculations (fig. 48). Distribution: Brazil.............................................................................................. Deuterocampta Chevrolat, 1836 .

- Pronotum with evenly distributed punctuation (fig. 49). Distribution: Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, El Salvador, France, French Germany, Guatemala, Guiana, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Trinidad and Tobago, and Venezuela........................................................... Stilodes Chevrolat, 1836 .

28(24) Mesoventral process straight (fig. 50); metaventral process usually with rounded apical margin (fig. 50)...............29.

- Mesoventral process oblique (fig. 51); metaventral process usually with straight apical margins (fig. 51).............30.

29(28) Pronotum with punctuation usually concentrated on the sides (fig. 52); elytra with only longitudinal bands (fig.53). Distribution: Argentina, Brazil, and Paraguay............................................................................ Isostilodes Bechyně, 1947 .

- Pronotum with punctuation usually evenly distributed or absent (figs. 54, 55); elytra with or without maculations and/or bands (figs. 56, 57). Distribution: Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Paraguay, Peru, and Uruguay..... Cryptostetha Baly, 1858 .

30(28) Elytra with outer margin slightly rounded and with longitudinal bands only (fig. 58). Distribution: Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Paraguay, and Peru.......................... Parastilodes Bechyně, 1947 .

- Elytra with strongly rounded outer margin and with or without maculations and/or bands (figs. 59, 60). Distribution: Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, Mexico, Paraguay, and Peru........................ Elytrosphaera Blanchard, 1845 .