Eriosema simplicifolium (DC.) G. Don, Gen. Hist.

De Menezes, Helen F., De Queiroz, Luciano P., Remor, Danielle & Pastore, José Floriano B., 2023, Review of Eriosema (Leguminosae) of Florae Fluminensis from São Paulo state, Brazil, Phytotaxa 583 (1), pp. 27-38 : 31-33

2. Eriosema simplicifolium (DC.) G. Don, Gen. Hist. 2: 348. 1832

= Rhynchosia simplicifolia DC., Prodr. 2: 389. 1825. Protologue: “ prope Atures ad Cataractas Orinici. Glycine simplicifolia H. B. et Kunth nov. gen. amer. 6. p. 419. ” Type:— VENEZUELA, Amazonas, Atures , [holotype label “Atures Orinocesium”], A.J.A. Bonpland & F.W.H.A. von Humboldt s.n. (holotype: P! [barcode] 00660110, isotype B-Willd! [barcode] 13472010).

Cytisus procumbens Vellozo. Flora Fluminensis 1829 [1825]: 309. syn. nov. nom. illeg. non Cytisus procumbens (Waldst. & Kit. ex Willd.) Spreng. (1826) . Lectotype designated here: [icon ined.] “Diadelph. Decand. CYTISUS procumbens Tab. 118)” (Seç„o de Manuscritos, Bibliot. Nac., Rio de Janeiro No. I‐ 17, 04, 001; mss1198656_122) ( Fig.4.B ). Epitype designated here:— BRAZIL. S„o Paulo: Cunha, Campo na Estrada Real em direç„o ao Bairro do Monjollo , 23°04’04”S 44°56’15”W, 05 November 2019, H.F. Menezes & J.F.B. Pastore 427 ( CTBS 4683 !, Fig.5 ).

Comments: — Eriosema simplicifolium can be recognized by its prostrate habit, usually procumbent to decumbent, by having unifoliate leaves, with lanceolate lanceolate and racemes generally do not extend beyond the leaves (Cândido et al. 2019). The articles that refer to the species E. simplicifolium do not mention its distribution to the state of Bahia, however, there is a collection for the municipality of Formosa do Rio Preto, identified by a specialist.

Subshrub prostrate, 0.4–1 m tall, decumbent or procumbent stems, cylindrical, yellowish pilose to tomentose. Stipules 4.5–5.5 mm long, connate, lanceolate, persistent. Leaves unifoliolate, persistent when the plant is fertile, leaflets uniform in size and shape on the same plant, 3.5 × 1.2 cm, lanceolate to ovate, apex acuminate to acute, chartaceous, base with three veins not evident, entire margin slightly serrate, venation camptodromous, petiole 2–3.5 mm long. Inflorescences terminal or axillary racemes, 2–5 cm long, usually shorter than mature leaves, glabrescent, pauciflorous (2–10-flowered), flowers laxly arranged, 7–13.5 mm long. Fruit 2.5–6 mm ( Fig.4.A ).

Habitat, distribution, and phenology: —This species is widely distributed in Brazil ( Fig.6 ) and can be found in Cerrado and Amazon environments (BFG 2021). In the municipality of Cunha, it was found in grassy and humid terrains ( Menezes 2021) and collected with flowers in February, March, and July and fruits in February and November (Cândido et al. 2014).

Material examined:— BRAZIL: Amapá: Macapá, Campo Experimental do Cerrado , km 45 da rodovia BR 156 , trecho Macapá-Ferreira Gomes, 05 May 1988, J. F. M . Valls et al. 11653 ( CEN); Amazonas: Humaitá, Campo III, ao Norte da BR 230 , km 6, [7°31’ 0.001” S 63° 10’ 0.001” W], 24 December 1979, A. S . Janssen & I . Gemtchujnicov 86 ( INPA); Roraima: Amajari, 100m à direita do km 11 da estrada que liga a Vila Brasil à Vila do Tepequém , 24 May 1995, I. S . Miranda 757 ( UEC); Pará: Parque Indígena do Tumucumaque, Rio Parú de Oeste , Miss „o Tiriyo, Sede da Miss„o Pará, [2°19’ 48.000” S 55° 45’ 0.000” W], 19 February 1970, P. B . Cavalcante 2432 ( NY); Rondônia: BR 319 , km 672 on Manaus-Humaitá road, [7°58’ 38.161” S 63° 8’ 36.650” W], 19 September 1980, Lowrie, SR 92 ( INPA); Tocantins: Estrada Palmeirante - Barra do Ouro, km 6, [7°52’ 9.000” S 47° 57’ 11.999” W], 07 March 2005, Glocimar Pereira-Silva 9838 ( CEN); Rio Grande do Norte: Natal, along drainage ditch between Ponte Velha and Giqui, south of Natal , 18 September 1946, J. J . Wurdack B-175 ( NY); Paraíba: Bananeiras, Tabuleiro, entre Jo „o Pessoa e Goiana, 26 August 1952, D. A. Lima 1174 ( IPA); Maranh„o: Projeto gerais de Balsas, Condomínio Kissy, [8° 35’60.000” S 46° 43’0.012” W], 20 November 1995, G . Pereira-Silva 3232 ( CEN); Pernambuco: Zona da mata, without date, D. S. F . 74 ( IPA); Piauí: Estaç „o Ecológica de Uruçuí-Una, Ribeiro Gonçalves, [7°33’ 29.988” S 45° 14’ 31.916” W], 12 December 1980, Fernandes, A.; Del’Arco, M. R.; Castro, A. J. ( EAC); Bahia: Formosa do Rio Preto, Fazenda Estrondo, ca. 2 Km W da porteira voltada para Formosa do Rio Preto , localidade conhecida como Riach„o, [11°6’50.000” S 45°28’19.999” W], 02 May 2009, Queiroz, L. P . de 14479 ( HUEFS); Distrito Federal: Córrego Jeriva, ca. 10 km E . of Brasília, [15°46’59.880” S 47°49’24.132” W], 15 September 1965, H. S . Irwin 8323 ( NY, US); Goiás: Serra Geral de Goiás, Rio da Prata , vicinity of Posse, [14°7’ 48.000” S 46°22’ 12.000” W], 09 April 1966, H. S . Irwin 14550 ( NY, US); Mato Grosso do Sul : Faz. S „o Gonçalo, Rio Taquari, Corumbá Mun., [19°0’ 33.840” S 57° 39’11.160” W], 1969, E. F. Nienstedt 289 ( NY); Mato Grosso: Ca. 1 km. N. E. of Garapú, [13°10’ 48.000” S 52° 34’12.000” W], 01 October 1964, H. S. Irwin 6547 ( NY); Minas Gerais: Estaç„o Ecológica do Panga , Uberlândia, [18°55’6.960” S 48° 16’ 37.916” W], 07 February 1992, Barbosa , A. A. A . 592 ( HUFU); Paraná: Ponta Grossa, estrada de terra para Buraco dos Padres entrada da Cargill a 4 Km da BR 376 , [25°5’41.997”S 50°9’ 42.839” W], 01 November 1999, S. T. S . Miotto 1786 ( ICN); S „o Paulo: Cunha, Estrada Real em direç„o ao Bairro Monjollo, [23°04’04”S 44°56’15”W], 05 November 2019, H. F . Menezes & J. F. B . Pastore 427 ( CTBS) ;

Figures

FIGURE 4. A. Eriosema simplicifolium (DC.) G. Don. B. Lectotype of Cytisus procumbens Vell. [= Eriosema simplicifolium (DC.) G. Don], from Vellozo’s Fl. Flumin. (Icones) 7: t. 122 (1831). (A by J.F.B.Pastore).

FIGURE 5. Epitype of Cytisus procumbens Vell. [= Eriosema simplicifolium (DC.) G. Don].

FIGURE 6. Map of the geographical distribution of Eriosema simplicifolium. (Map: H.F.Menezes).