Anyllis Kirkaldy, 1906

Liang, Ai-Ping & Wang, Rong-Rong, 2012, A revision of the endemic Australian spittlebug genus Anyllis Kirkaldy (Hemiptera: Aphrophoridae) with descriptions of two new species, Journal of Natural History 46 (15 - 16), pp. 1005-1023 : 1007-1010

publication ID	https://doi.org/ 10.1080/00222933.2011.651646
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/C96E87A3-FFD2-B957-FDE4-EECCFBB80AE2
treatment provided by	Felipe
scientific name	Anyllis Kirkaldy
status

Treatment

Genus Anyllis Kirkaldy View in CoL

Anyllis Kirkaldy, 1906: 386 View in CoL ; Lallemand, 1912: 74, 83; Metcalf, 1961: 63; Evans, 1966: 316, 317; Liang and Fletcher, 2003: 86; Liang et al., 2005: 301, 302. Type species: Anyllis leiala Kirkaldy 1906 View in CoL , by monotypy.

Neoaphrophora China, 1952: 789 ; Metcalf, 1962: 431; Evans, 1966: 316, 317. Type species: Neoaphrophora tiegsi China 1952 View in CoL , by original designation. [Synonymized by Liang and Fletcher, 2003: 86.]

Description

Small-sized aphrophorine species, body length (from apex of vertex to tip of forewings): male 4.5–6.9 mm, female, 4.8–9.0 mm.

General colour brown to dark brown (reddish brown in gibbosus sp. nov.). Vertex, pronotum and clavus of forewings usually much paler, giving pale stramineous appearance; dorsum covered with fuscous punctures. Frons, thorax beneath and coxae and femora of legs sometimes suffused with dark brown or fuscous. Forewings dark brown to blackish, usually marked with whitish fasciae and spots, the extreme basal costal area, an oblique fascia running from middle costa to apex of scutellum, the subapical costal and subcostal area and an oblique fascia running from the basal inner edge of the marking on the subapical costal and subcostal area to the claval apex, the apex of clavus and the area beyond apex of clavus, and the subapical corial area usually whitish; the fascia sometimes greatly reduced and whitish-spotted ( Figure 1 View Figure 1 ).

Body with dorsum distinctly punctate. Head ( Figures 1 View Figure 1 (A–L), 2A, 3A, 4A, 5A) relatively short and broad, shorter than pronotum, distinctly wider between eyes than long in middle, slightly narrower than pronotum at shoulders. Vertex ( Figures 1A,C,E,G,I,K View Figure 1 , 2A View Figure 2 , 3A View Figure 3 , 4A View Figure 4 , 5A View Figure 5 ) somewhat triangular in shape, sloping anteriorly, flat to undulate dorsally, usually with a median longitudinal carina (nearly obsolete in A. pseudotiegsi sp. nov.) and a small callous fovea on posterior marginal area between ocellus and eye, anterior margin clearly defined and carinate. Eyes distinctly longer than wide in dorsal view. Tylus ( Figures 1 View Figure 1 (A–L), 2A, 3A, 4A, 5A) short and transversely long, about three times as broad as median length, with posterior margin arched anteriorly in middle. Ocelli very close to each other. Frons ( Figures 1B,D,F,H,J,L View Figure 1 , 2B View Figure 2 , 3B View Figure 3 , 4B View Figure 4 , 5B View Figure 5 ) strongly compressed and depressed laterally, narrow and keel-like medially or moderately bulbous in males, and usually swollen, not strongly compressed laterally in females. Antennae with flagellar base expanded and visible, bearing an apical, broadly conical process being next and parallel to the flagellar bristle and nine small coeloconic sensilla on ventral side (see Liang et al., 2005). Rostrum relatively long, nearly reaching hind coxae.

Pronotum ( Figures 1A,C,E,G,I,K View Figure 1 , 2A View Figure 2 , 3A View Figure 3 , 4A View Figure 4 , 5A View Figure 5 ) usually with a median longitudinal carina (nearly obsolete in A. pseudotiegsi sp. nov.), anterior margin evenly convexly rounded or slightly angulate in middle, anterior half distinctly callous centrally, posterior half transversely rugose; anterior lateral margin relatively long, shorter than longitudinal axis of eyes. Scutellum nearly triangular, centrally slightly depressed and transversely rugose. Forewings ( Figure 1A–L View Figure 1 ) narrow, with very sparse pubescence, costal margin evenly convex from base to apex, venation reticulate apically. Hindwings translucent, veins brown. Hind tibia with one strong spur on lateral edge at distal two-fifths and 13–16 black-tipped spines apically, metatarsomeres I and II with 5–8 and 6–11 black-tipped spines apically, respectively.

Male genitalia with pygofer ( Figures 2C View Figure 2 , 3C View Figure 3 , 4C View Figure 4 , 5C View Figure 5 ) in lateral view relatively short, distinctly high (compared with typical Aphrophora species ) and nearly subquadrate, slightly wider ventrally than dorsally. Anal segments ( Figures 2C,E View Figure 2 , 3C,E View Figure 3 , 4C,E View Figure 4 , 5C,E View Figure 5 ) relatively short and small, basal anal segment with a pair of posteriorly directed, spinous processes on ventral margin, the inner edge of those spinous processes usually covered with fine spines. Subgenital plates ( Figures 2C,D View Figure 2 , 3C,D View Figure 3 , 4C,D View Figure 4 , 5C,D View Figure 5 ) reduced, short and small (compared with typical Aphrophora species ), completely fused to pygofer, apically slightly bilobed or sometimes parabolalike in ventral view, right and left plates separated each other, forming a V-shaped empty space and making the base of aedeagus visible in ventral view. Genital styles (Figures (2–5)C, (2–5)D, (2–5)F, (2–5)G) relatively elongate and slender, sinuate in lateral view; mesially expanded outwards, narrowed to apex over distal half, apex bidentate; arched inward over distal half with extreme apex nearly touching each other in ventral view. Aedeagal shaft ( Figures 2C,G View Figure 2 , 3C,G View Figure 3 , 4C,G View Figure 4 , 5C,G View Figure 5 ) short, tubular, anteriorly arched in lateral view, anterior edge of the shaft covered with very fine spines, gonopore apical.

Biology

Biological data for the species Anyllis is scarce. Anyllis leiala is one of the most common and widespread aphrophorids found in Australia. It is commonly attracted to mercury-vapour lights and is frequently swept from a wide range of native, shrubby, dicotyledonous plants ( Fletcher 2010; Liang and Fletcher 2003; Liang et al. 2005). Morrow (1977) reported that A. leiala is associated with Eucalyptus pauciflora , Eucalyptus perriniana and Eucalyptus stellulata and Ohmart et al. (1983) recorded the association of A. leiala with Eucalyptus delegatensis .

Remarks

Anyllis is the only genus of the tribe Aphrophorini distributed in the Australian region. Members of Aphrophorini are widely distributed in the Palaearctic, Nearctic and Oriental regions with generic diversification primarily in the Oriental region. Anyllis differs from other members of Aphrophorini in the following characters: frons in the males usually thin and strongly compressed laterally; antennae with expanded flagellar base having an apical, broadly conical process (a special bulbous sensillum) being adjacent and parallel to the flagellar bristle and nine small coeloconic sensilla on ventral side, lacking placoid sensilla subapically ( Aphrophorini usually have three large placoid sensilla on apical area of the expanded flagellar base, Liang, unpublished data; see also Liang and Fletcher 2002); hind tibiae with one lateral spur on outer edge ( Aphrophorini usually have two lateral spurs on hind tibiae with exception of Sinophora with four to six lateral spurs); basal anal segment in males with a pair of basal anal processes; subgenital plates short and separated from each other; genital styles slender and elongate; aedeagal shaft relatively elongate and slender, covered with fine spines on anterior edge in lateral view. These characters are autapomorphies of Anyllis and strongly support the monophyly of the genus. These may reflect the long independent evolution of Anyllis because of its long isolation from other Aphrophorini , which are predominantly distributed in the Holarctic region ( Liang et al. 2005).

Anyllis can be easily distinguished from other Australian aphrophorid genera by its punctate dorsum, strongly compressed and depressed frons in males, one lateral spur on hind tibiae and the presence of a pair of basal anal processes on the basal anal segment in males.

Distribution

Species of Anyllis are currently known from New South Wales, Victoria, Queensland, Australian Capital Territory and Tasmania in Australia . No specimens of Anyllis species were collected from Western Australia and Northern Territory, although this is probably an artefact of collection. It appears that the genus is endemic to Australia .

Key to the species of Anyllis View in CoL

1. Frons ( Figures 2B View Figure 2 , 3B View Figure 3 ) in males strongly compressed and depressed laterally, narrow and keel-like medially, with a distinct median longitudinal carina.. 2 Frons ( Figures 4B View Figure 4 , 5B View Figure 5 ) in males moderately bulbous, with an indistinct median longitudinal carina.............................................. 3

2. Body more elongate and larger (length male 6.5–6.9 mm, female 8.7–9.0 mm), reddish brown ( Figure 1A–D View Figure 1 ); pygofer with basal anal processes with inner edges in males without fine spines ( Figure 2C,E View Figure 2 ); subgenital plates ( Figure 2C,D View Figure 2 ) apically parabola-like; aedeagal shaft ( Figure 2C,G View Figure 2 ) relatively stout and broad, straight in lateral view, with a gibba-like process on anterior edge subapically in lateral view; Queensland ............ A. gibbosus View in CoL sp. nov. Body smaller and relatively oval (length male 5.1–5.9 mm, female 5.8– 6.8 mm), colour not as above ( Figure 1E,F View Figure 1 ); pygofer with basal anal process with inner edges in males covered with fine spines ( Figure 3C,E View Figure 3 ); subgenital plates ( Figure 3C,D View Figure 3 ) apically bilobed, aedeagal shaft ( Figure 3C,G View Figure 3 ) more slen- der, distinctly arched anteriorly in lateral view, without a gibba on anterior edge in lateral view; Queensland, New South Wales, Victoria and Tasmania ......................................................... A. leiala Kirkaldy View in CoL

3. Body relatively elongate and large, length male 5.8–6.0 mm, female 7.0– 7.2 mm; genital styles more narrow and slender, apex hook-like in ventral view; aedeagal shaft elongate and slender (see Liang et al. 2005: 304, figs 12–16); Tasmania ..................................... A. spinostylus Liang Body View in CoL relatively smaller and more oval, length male 4.5–5.1 mm, female 6.0 mm; genital styles relatively shorter and broader, apex bidentate in ventral view ( Figures 4C,F,G View Figure 4 , 5C,F,G View Figure 5 ); aedeagal shaft short and stout ( Figures 4C,G View Figure 4 , 5C,G View Figure 5 ) .................................................................. 4

4. Body slightly larger, length male 5.0– 5.1 mm, female 6.0 mm; vertex with a median longitudinal carina ( Figures 1K View Figure 1 , 5A View Figure 5 ); pronotum with median longitudinal carina obsolete on posterior half ( Figures 1K View Figure 1 , 5A View Figure 5 ); pygofer with basal anal processes with inner edges covered with fine spines on apical two-thirds ( Figure 5E View Figure 5 ); New South Wales and Victoria............... A. tiegsi ( China) View in CoL Body distinctly small, short and oval, length male 4.5–4.8 mm, female unknown; vertex and pronotum without median longitudinal carina ( Figures 1G View Figure 1 , 4A View Figure 4 ); pygofer with basal anal processes with inner edges covered with fine spines on apical half ( Figure 4C,E View Figure 4 ); Tasmania.................................................... A. pseudotiegsi View in CoL sp. nov.