Ipomoea carolina

Wood, John R. I., Munoz-Rodriguez, Pablo, Williams, Bethany R. M. & Scotland, Robert W., 2020, A foundation monograph of Ipomoea (Convolvulaceae) in the New World, PhytoKeys 143, pp. 1-823 : 1

208. Ipomoea carolina L., Sp. Pl. 1: 160. 1753. (Linnaeus 1753: 160)

Ipomoea umbellata L., Syst. Nat., ed. 10, 2: 924. 1759. (Linnaeus 1759a: 924). Type. Icon in Plumier in Burman, Pl. Amer: t. 92, f. 2 (1756), designated by Staples and Austin in Staples and Jarvis (2006: 1023).

Ipomoea caroliniana Lam. , Tabl. Encycl. 1 (2): 464. 1793 [11 Feb 1793], nom. superfl. Type. Based on Catesby 2: t.91 [erroneously 19] (1743).

Ipomoea heptaphylla Griseb. , Pl. Wright. 2: 527. 1862. (Grisebach 1862a: 527), nom. illeg., non Ipomoea heptaphylla Sweet (1830) . Type. CUBA. C. Wright 1371[1649] (lectotype GOET002514, designated here; isolectotypes B, GH, GOET, HAC, K, MO, NY, PH, S, YU).

Quamoclit heptaphylla (Griseb.) M. Gomez , Fl. Habana 346. 1899 [pub.1897]. ( Gómez de la Maza y Jiménez 1897: 346).

Ipomoea yamuriensis Urb. , Symb. Antill. 9: 247. 1924. (Urban 1924b: 247). Type. CUBA. Prov. Oriente, [Matanzas], Río Yamuri, 600-700 ft., 7 Dec. 1910, J.A. Shafer 7819 (isotypes NY, GH).

Type.

Icon in Catesby, Nat. Hist. Carolina 2: 91, t. 91 (1743), designated by Dandy (1958; 112).

Description.

Scrambling liana; stems woody, glabrous, bark pale brown. Leaves petiolate, digitately divided into 3-5 often very unequal, shortly petiolate leaflets, leaflets 2-6.5 × 0.7-2.2 cm, oblanceolate to obovate, acute, obtuse or retuse, tapering into a petiolar base, margin often undulate, both surfaces glabrous, somewhat coriaceous in texture; petioles 1.7-4.7 cm. Inflorescence of few-flowered axillary cymes; peduncles 0.3-4 cm, often stout and woody and becoming brachyblast-like; bracteoles early caducous, not seen; secondary peduncles 7-13 mm, mostly spreading at right angles to peduncle; pedicels 7-20 mm; sepals glabrous, coriaceous, margins scarious, slightly unequal, outer 6-8 mm, ovate, obtuse, inner 9-10 × 8 mm, elliptic to suborbicular, rounded; corolla 4-5 cm long, funnel-shaped, pale violet with a dark centre, glabrous, tube pale on the exterior, limb c. 3 cm diam., weakly lobed; stamens included. Capsules ovoid to ellipsoid, 10-14 × 8 mm, glabrous; seeds 5-6 mm, long-pilose, the hairs up to 15 mm, principally marginal.

Illustration.

Figures 11C , 94D , 106 .

Distribution.

Growing in dry forest in the Bahamas and Cuba, probably most common in the latter.

BAHAMAS. C. Mathews 79 (K). North Andros, D.S. Correll et al. 49373 (MO). New Providence: N.L. Britton & L. Brace 180 (NY); ibid., P. Wilson 8396 (K, MO, NY); ibid., D.S. Correll 50233 (BM).

CUBA. M. López Figuieras 1273 (HAJB), 1631 (HAJB), 2023 (HAJB), 2287 (HAJB). Camaguey: J.A, Shafer 2866 (NY). Cienfuegos: R. Combs 509 (K, NY). Guantánamo: Loma Santa Teresa, El Yunque, J.A. Shafer 7742 (K, NY); Baracoa, F. Michelangeli et al. 1461 (NY); Río Yara, Sierra Maestre, E.L. Ekman 16412 (BM, S). Holguín: Sierra Nipe, C.V. Morton & J. Acuna 2919 (BM, US). Isla de Juventud (Pinos): N.L. Britton et al. 15530 (NY). La Habana: Madruga, Bro. León 8941 (NY). Matanzos: N.L. Britton & P. Wilson 41 (K, NY). Pinar del Río: J. A. Shafer 11115 (MO). Santiago de Cuba: E.L. Ekman 7992 (NY, S), 14848 (NY, S). Villa Clara: Bro. León 4108 (NY).

Note.

This species is very distinct because of its digitately divided leaves with oblanceolate or obovate leaflets combined with a funnel-shaped corolla, which is pale violet with a dark centre.

Figures

Figure 11. Seeds of Ipomoea A I. peteri B I. murucoides C I. carolina D I. eggersiana E I. longibarbis (with and without marginal hairs) F I. clavata G I. violacea H I. acanthocarpa J I. parvibracteolata K I. meyeri L I. jujuyensis M I. cholulensis N I. minutiflora P I. tiliacea. A from Wallnoefer & Tut-Tesucun 9662; B from Pringle 6066; C from Gillis 12906; D from Urote 35; E from Killeen et al. 4199; F from Fuentes & Miranda 10895; G from Stearn 322; H from Wurdack & Monachino 39830; J from Silva et al. 18; K from Smith 1573; L from Rose et al. 23251; M from Hinton 11166; N from Stevens & Montiel 26592; P from Curtiss 249. Drawn by Rosemary Wise.

Figure 94. Photographs of Ipomoea species. A-C Variation in I. bonariensis A form with laciniate leaves B form with digitately lobed leaves C form wth ovate, cordate leaves D I. carolina E I. microdactyla. A, B Hector Keller C Beth Williams D, E Ramona Oviedo.

Figure 106. Ipomoea carolina. A habit B habit C outer sepal D inner sepal E corolla opened out to show stamens F ovary and style G seed. Drawn by Rosemary Wise A, C-G from Correll 50233; B from Morton & Acuna 2919.