Cremastosperma dolichocarpum Pirie

Pirie, Michael D., Chatrou, Lars W. & Maas, Paul J. M., 2018, A taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Cremastosperma (Annonaceae), including five new species, PhytoKeys 112, pp. 1-141 : 1

11. Cremastosperma dolichocarpum Pirie Figs 13 , 19 , Map 3

Cremastosperma dolichocarpum Pirie, Blumea 50: 49, f. 4. 2005.

Type.

COLOMBIA, Antioquia: Frontino, Nutibara, upper watershed of Río Cuevas, 15 Jul 1986. Sánchez, D. et al. 415 (holotype: U [U0012253]; isotypes: COL! [COL000221555], MEDEL! [MEDEL000018, MEDEL000019]).

Description.

Tree 6-18 m tall, 15-22 cm diam.; young twigs and petioles sparsely covered with white-yellow appressed hairs 0.3-0.5 mm long. Leaves: petioles 3-6 by 1.5-2 mm, often with warts extending up primary vein; axillary buds densely covered with white-yellow appressed hairs 0.3-0.5 mm long; lamina narrowly elliptic to elliptic, 14-24.5 by 6-10 cm (index 1.6-3.1), chartaceous to subcoriaceous, mid-dark brown above, lighter below, glabrous above, sparsely covered with white-yellow appressed hairs 0.3-0.5 mm long (particularly on veins) below, base obtuse-acute (narrowly cuneate), apex acuminate (acumen 5-15 mm long), primary vein not conspicuously grooved, 1-2 mm wide at widest point, secondary veins (5 –)7–9(– 11), intersecondary veins occasional, distance between from 5 mm at the base to 30 mm closer to the apex, angles with primary vein 40-50° at the base to 50-70° closer to the apex, not branching, forming distinct loops in the apical half-two thirds, smallest distance between loops and margin 1.5-4 mm, tertiary veins percurrent with significant reticulation. Inflorescences of single flowers solitary or clustered in groups of 2 (or more), produced from leafy twigs or leafless branches; peduncles of two internodes, the second 1.2-4 by 1 mm (in flower), approx. 2 by 2 mm (in fruit); pedicels 28-47 by 1 mm at the base, 1-1.5 mm at the apex (in flower), 40-55 by 1.5-2 mm at the base, 2-2.5 mm at the apex (in fruit); peduncles and pedicels rather densely covered with white-yellow appressed hairs 0.3-0.5 mm long; two lower bracts (one on each internode), the apical one persisting later into flowering, 1-1.5 by 0.7-1 mm, broadly ovate, obtuse, soon falling off, rather densely covered with white-yellow appressed hairs 0.3-0.5 mm long; upper bract broadly to narrowly ovate, 1-3.5 by 1-2 mm, obtuse, persistent, densely covered with white-yellow appressed hairs 0.3-0.5 mm long; closed flower buds depressed ovoid; flowers green maturing to yellow in vivo, brown outside and black inside in sicco; sepals free, ovate, appressed, 3-4 mm long, obtuse, occasionally persistent on less mature fruit, densely covered with white-yellow appressed hairs 0.3-0.5 mm long; outer petals ovate to broadly so, 10-15 by 9-11 mm, inner petals ovate, 10-16 by 7-8 mm densely covered with white-yellow appressed hairs 0.3-0.5 mm long; receptacle ovoid to depressed ovoid; androecium 3-5 mm diam., stamens 1-1.2 mm long, connective appendage ca. 1 mm wide; gynoecium 1.5-2 mm diam., carpels 0.5-0.6 mm long, glabrous. Monocarps 10-20 (fully ripe fruit not observed), black in sicco, ellipsoid or narrowly so, 27-28 by 11-12 mm, with an excentric apicule (obvious only in immature fruit); stipes 17-19 by 1.5-2 mm; fruiting receptacle broadly ovoid, 4-5 mm diam.; monocarps and stipes sparsely covered with golden appressed hairs <0.1mm long or glabrous, receptacle often sparsely covered with white-yellow appressed hairs 0.3-0.5 mm long. Seeds ellipsoid to narrowly so, ca. 17 by 7 mm, dark brown and wrinkled, raphe sunken, encircling seed diagonally.

Distribution.

Colombia (Antioquia, northern and western foothills of the Cordillera Occidental; one specimen potentially representing the species from Riseralda [Betancur & al. 33011]).

Habitat and ecology.

Forest, at elevations of 1200-1500 m. Flowering: May and December; fruiting: May, July and December.

Notes.

Cremastosperma dolichocarpum can be distinguished from other species of Cremastosperma by the unique long-ellipsoid monocarps after which the species is named and identified even when sterile by the conspicuous axillary buds with dense indument.

Preliminary conservation status.

Most of the collections of Cremastosperma dolichocarpum are from two national parks (Parque Nacional Las Orquídeas and Parque Nacional Paramillo), but overall they represent a small number of populations within a restricted area. Endangered [EN] (Table 1 ).

Selected specimens examined.

COLOMBIA. Antioquia: Parque Nacional Las Orquídeas, 6°32'N, 76°14'W, 1450 m a.s.l., 13 Aug 1993, Cogollo et al. 6345 (MO); Parque Nacional Paramillo, Río San Jorge, 7°15'N, 75°55'W, 1560 m a.s.l., 3 Mar 1993, Gentry et al. 79039 (U); Urrao, 6°29'N, 76°14'W, 1300 m a.s.l., 11 Dec 1992, Pipoly et al. 16951 (MO).

Figures

Map 3. Distribution of Cremastosperma awaense Pirie, C. dolichocarpum Pirie, C. magdalenae Pirie, C. napoense Pirie, C. pacificum R. E. Fr. and C. westrae Pirie

Figure 13. a-b Cremastosperma brevipes (DC.) R. E. Fr. a flowers (Maas et al. 8064; photo PJMM) b fruit (Mori et al 22721; photo Scott Mori) c-e C. bullatum Pirie c, e Flowering specimen (Pirie et al. 94; photos c MDP e Robin van Velzen) d leaf base showing bullate corrugations of the lamina and long golden indument (Pirie et al. 71; photo: MDP) f, g C. cauliflorum R. E. Fr. Flowering specimens (f Maas et al. 9029, photo PJMM g Chatrou et al. 224, photo LWC) h-j C. dolichocarpum Pirie. Flowering and fruiting specimen (Pedraza et al. 2146; photos: Maria F. Gonzalez).

Figure 19. Cremastosperma dolichocarpum Pirie. a flower b leaf and fruit (a Callejas 3110 b Sanchez 415).