Crassignatha gucheng Y. Lin & S. Li, 2020

Li, Ya, Lin, Yucheng & Li, Shuqiang, 2020, A review of Crassignatha (Araneae, Symphytognathidae), ZooKeys 988, pp. 63-128 : 63

Crassignatha gucheng Y. Lin & S. Li sp. nov. Figs 9 , 10 , 38

Type material.

Holotype ♂ (NHMSU Ar 018) and paratypes 2♂ 5♀ (NHMSU Ar 019-025), China: Yunnan Province, Longling County, Longjiang Township, Xiaoheishan Nature Reserve, Gucheng Mountain, in good forest (24.82886°N, 98.75917°E; 2010 m), 22.VIII.2018, Y. Lin et al. leg.; 1♀ (NHMSU-HA132) used for sequencing, GenBank: MT992014, same data as for preceding.

Diagnosis.

The male of C. gucheng sp. nov. is similar to that of C. pianma and C. quanqu but can be distinguished by the narrower embolic base and spine-like cymbial tooth vs. a wider embolic base and spur-like cymbial tooth in the latter two (Fig. 10A ). The female of C. gucheng sp. nov. differs from that of C. dongnai sp. nov. by the copulatory ducts twisted twice at the center of vulva, only once in the latter (Fig. 10F, G ).

Description.

Male (holotype). Total length 0.72. Carapace 0.32 long, 0.36 wide, 0.40 high. Clypeus 0.12 high. Sternum 0.24 long, 0.24 wide. Abdomen 0.44 long, 0.44 wide, 0.44 high. Length of legs: I 1.28 (0.38, 0.14, 0.32, 0.20, 0.24); II 0.98 (0.26, 0.14, 0.26, 0.14, 0.18); III 0.78 (0.20, 0.10, 0.16, 0.12, 0.20); IV 0.94 (0.30, 0.12, 0.18, 0.14, 0.20).

Somatic characters (Fig. 9A-C ). Coloration: carapace pale brown, marginally darker. Mouthparts and sternum pale brown. Legs pale yellow, with faint pigmentation on each segment distally. Abdomen pale dorsally, brown-yellow laterally and ventrally, dark posteriorly. Prosoma: carapace nearly rounded, cephalic area elevated, cervical groove distinct, thoracic area and clypeus sculptured, clypeus concave. ALE protruded, PER recurved. Chelicerae bears setae anteriorly. Labium semicircular. Sternum heart shaped, slightly swollen, surface rough, truncated posteriorly. Legs: with dorsal seta on each patella distally, with two setae on each tibia subproximally. Tibia II with two clasping spurs. Abdomen: anteriorly rounded, posteriorly subquadrate, lateral scutum inconspicuous. Spinnerets slightly sclerotized, lack circular plate.

Palp (Fig. 10A-C ): relatively large, no less than 1/3 carapace size. A few setae on cymbium distally. Apical cymbial tooth caniniform. Tegulum smooth, broad, globular. Plate-like median apophysis with a distal sclerotized process. Embolic membrane slender, laminar, translucent, arises from base of embolus. Embolus short and rigid, terminus blunt.

Female (one of the paratypes). Total length 1.08. Carapace 0.44 long, 0.40 wide, 0.40 high. Clypeus 0.12 high. Sternum 0.28 long, 0.24 wide. Abdomen 0.72 long, 0.72 wide, 0.84 high. Length of legs: I 1.48 (0.56, 0.16, 0.40, 0.14, 0.22); II 1.20 (0.38, 0.16, 0.34, 0.12, 0.20); III 0.84 (0.28, 0.14, 0.18, 0.10, 0.14); IV 1.1 (0.38, 0.14, 0.28, 0.18, 0.12).

Somatic characters (Fig. 9D-F ). Coloration: carapace roughly the same as in male. Legs pale brown. Abdomen with black pigmentation laterally, posteriorly, and ventrally. Prosoma: carapace pear shaped, sculptured, cephalic area slightly lower than in male. PER recurved. Mouthparts and sternum as in male. Abdomen: anteriorly rounded and posteriorly subquadrate, surface with weakly sclerotized hairy patches. Spinnerets as in male.

Epigyne (Fig. 10D-G ): epigynal area distinctly sclerotized, bears a few setae. Scape large, finger-like, protruded, copulatory opening located at its terminus. Internal structures faintly visible via translucent tegument. Spermathecae globose, strongly sclerotized, widely separated by 1.5 × their diameter. Fertilization duct originates at medial posterior margin of spermathecae, extends to posterior margin of epigyne. Copulatory ducts long, connected to dorsal surface of spermathecae, extends below spermathecae toward the vulval center, and forms two return paths, then turns downward to copulatory opening.

Etymology.

The specific name is derived from the type locality; noun in apposition.

Distribution.

China (Yunnan), Vietnam (Fig. 38 ).

Figures

Figure 9. Crassignatha gucheng sp. nov. A male habitus, dorsal B male habitus, ventral C male habitus, lateral D female habitus, dorsal E female habitus, ventral F female habitus, lateral. Scale bars: 0.50 mm (A-F).

Figure 10. Crassignatha gucheng sp. nov. A male palp, prolateral B male palp, ventral C male palp, retrolateral D epigyne, ventral E epigyne, lateral F vulva, ventral G vulva, dorsal. Scale bars: 0.10 mm (A-G).

Figure 38. Distribution records of Crassignatha spp. in Asia. 1 C. baihua sp. nov. 2 C. bangbie sp. nov. 3 C. bicorniventris 4 C. changyan sp. nov. 5 C. danaugirangensis 6 C. dongnai sp. nov. 7 C. ertou 8 C. gucheng sp. nov. 9 C. gudu 10 C. haeneli 11 C. mengla sp. nov. 12 C. nantou sp. nov. 13 C. nasalis sp. nov. 14 C. pianma 15 C. quadriventris 16 C. quanqu 17 C. rostriformis sp. nov. 18 C. shiluensis 19 C. shunani sp. nov. 20 C. si sp. nov. 21 C. thamphra sp. nov. 22 C. xichou sp. nov. 23 C. yamu 24 C. yinzhi.