Xyphinus baehrae, Kranz-Baltensperger, 2014

Kranz-Baltensperger, Yvonne, 2014, The goblin spider genus Xyphinus (Araneae; Oonopidae), Zootaxa 3870 (1), pp. 1-79 : 68-73

Xyphinus baehrae sp. nov.

( Figs 57–60 ; map 5 )

Type material. Holotype. male ( PBI _ OON 00032630 ), AUSTRALIA: Queensland, Mt. Molloy , 400m S 16°44'27", E 145°19'19", riparian/woodland, pitfall trap, summer 1992/1993, leg. S. Barnett, QM . Paratypes: 20 male & 9 females ( PBI _ OON 00006918 ), collected with holotype, QM . 17 males & 7 females ( PBI _ OON 00022220 ), 400 m S 16°44'27" E 145°19'19” , riparian/woodland, pitfall trap, summer 1992/1993, leg. S. Barnett, QM . 15 males & 8 females ( PBI _ OON 00022493 ), 400 m, S 16°44'27" E 145°19'12" , riparian/woodland, pitfall trap 16.–17, summer 1992/1993, leg. S. Barnett, QM . 13 males & 9 females ( PBI _ OON 00007237 ), same data as PBI_ OON 00022493 , QM .

Additional material examined. AUSTRALIA: 3 males & 2 females ( PBI _ OON 00032563 ), Abathoir, swamp., 26.X.–08.I.2009, QM. 4 males & 2 females ( PBI _ OON 00002926 ), S of Rifle Range Rd, N of Ellis Beach , S 16°41' E 145°34'45", 22.VII.–27.XI.1992, Queensland Museum, Pitfall NQ14, leg. R. Raven P. & E. Lawless, M. Shaw, NQ 14/2, QM . CAMBODIA: Siem Reap Prov., Preah Khan Temple, Malaise trap: 1 male ( PBI _ OON 00016618 ), 18.I.2006, leg. Oul Yothin, RBI. 1 male ( PBI _ OON 00016615 ), 1.XII.2005, leg. D. Jump, RBI. 1 female ( PBI _ OON 00016620 ), 29. VI –06.VII.2005, leg. I. Var, RBI. 3 females ( PBI _ OON 00016622 ), 8.–16. VI.2005, leg I. Var, RBI. 1 female ( PBI _ OON 00016616 ), 23. V.2006, leg. Oul Yothin, RBI. 1 male ( PBI _ OON 00016617 ), Siem Reap, Angkor, Preah Khan Temple, 16-30. VI.2004, leg. I. Var, RBI. 1 female ( PBI _ OON 00016623 ), Siem Reap, Angkor Elephant, 21–28. VI.2005, leg D. Jump, RBI . INDIA: Sankar Mmatukat: Ohirendra Shnehalaya, 40. Rahuta Road, Shyamanan 24 Pgs (N) W.B. India: 1 male ( PBI _ OON 00032570 ), 12.I.2011, QM. 1 female ( PBI _ OON 00032569 ), QM . INDONESIA: Sumba Island: 2 females ( PBI _ OON 00031738 ), 13 km w of Waingapu , dry gallery forest litter, 13.VIII.1992, leg. C.L. and P. R . Deeleman, RMNH. 1 male & 1 female ( PBI _ OON 00032574 ), Lukumelolo , leaf litter, 5.II.2001, leg. C.L. and P. R. Deeleman, RMNH. 3 females ( PBI _ OON 00031596 ), Bali Island, W. Park, Ambengan, sea leaf litter, 20.–30.I.1990, leg. S. Djojosudharmo, RMNH. 3 males & 2 females ( PBI _ OON 00032587 ), Moluccas, Banda Neira , nutmeg plantation, 20.I.1995, leg. C.L. and P. R. Deeleman & J.C. v. Kempen, RMNH. 1 male ( PBI _ OON 00032580 ), Sulawesi, 40 km W of Kendari , sec. forest, 17.VIII.1980, leg. C.L. and P. R. Deeleman, RMNH. 1 male & 1 female ( PBI _ OON 00032573 ), Semokat, 20 km from Sumbawa Besar, 480 m, sec. forest, leaf litter, 3.I.1990, leg. S. Djojosudharmo, RMNH. 4 males & 10 females ( PBI _ OON 00032586 ), Lombok Island , Kute , sec. forest, leaf litter, 100 m, 8.–17.I.1990, leg. S. Djojosudharmo, RMNH. 1 male ( PBI _ OON 00032585 ), RMNH. 1 female ( PBI _ OON 00032577 ), Banda , Isl. Lonthoir , leaf litter, 19.–29.I.1995, leg. C.L. and P. R. Deeleman, RMNH. 3 males & 3 females ( PBI _ OON 00032572 ), Rinca ( Isl. Comodo ) leaf litter, 17.–18.I.2001, leg. C.L. and P. R. Deeleman, RMNH . LAOS: Vientiane prov.: 2 males & 3 females ( PBI _ OON 00032598 ), Houayang Nat. Park , N18°05.889' E102°40.521', 180 m, mostly secondary rainforest, 22.–24. V.2008, leg. A. Solodovnikov & J. Pedersen, ZMUC. 5 males & 3 females ( PBI _ OON 00032243 ), Vientiane, N 17°57.597' E 102°36.518', 160 m, 22. VI.2008, bank of River Mekong, leg. A. Solodovnikov & J. Pedersen, ZMUC. 3 females ( PBI _ OON 00031425 ), Bolikhamsay Prov., W of Lak Sao, Houay Khiao, N 18°12'47.8" E 104°49'51.5", 496 m, bamboo leaf litter, close to stream in paddy fields, at day, sieving, by hand, 4.III.2010, leg. P. Jäger & J. Martens, SMF. 1 female ( PBI _ OON 00032252 ), Khammouane Prov.: Ban Khounkham ( Khun Kham ) ( Nahin ), N 18°13.027' E 104°30.880', 300 m, 3.–5. VI.2008, disturbed primary rainforest, leg. A. Solodovnikov & J. Pedersen, ZMUC. 1 male ( PBI _ OON 00032565 ), Luang Prabang Prov., SE Luang Prabang, Nam Khan, between Ban Khon Why and Xieng Ngeun , Houay Tham , 363m, N 19°44'51.2 E 102°13'15.4", along stream, leaf litter at rocks, at daytime, 24.III.2007, sieving, leg P. Jäger, SMF. 1 female ( PBI _ OON 00016754 ), Luang Nam Tha Prov., 5 km N of Luang Nam Tha, 597 m, N 21°01.201' E 101°24.632, secondary forest, vegetation, rocks soil, beside road, at night, by hand, leg. P. Jäger & V . Vedel, SMF. 1 male ( PBI _ OON 00032255 ), Khammouane prov., Ban Khounkham (Khun Kham) ( Nahin ), N 18°13.027' E 104°30.880', 300 m, disturbed primary forest, 17.–18. VI .2008, leg. A. Solodovnikov & J. Pedersen, ZMUC. MALAYSIA: Borneo: 1 male ( PBI _ OON 00032581 ), Sabah, Crocker Range N 5°26' E 116°08', 10 year old isolated secondary forest, fogging canopy, Melanopis (Euphorbiaceae) 19.II.2001, A. Floren, RMNH. 2 males & 1 female ( PBI _ OON 00032582 ), Mt. Kinabalu , N.P., N 6°5' E 116°50', 40 year old secondary forest, 500–700 m, fogging canopy, Vinex pinnata ( Verbenaceae ), 5.–14.III.1997, leg. A. Floren, RMNH . THAILAND: 1 female ( PBI _ OON 00031967 ), Krabi Prov., Khlong Thom Distr., Khao Pra - Bang Khram Wildlife Sanctuary N 7°54'38" E 99°16'40", 80 m, semi-evergreen rainforest, 2./ 3. VI.2009, leg. P. Schwendinger, MHNG. 1 female ( PBI _ OON 00015228 ), Chiang Mai Province and District, Mae Hia , ca. 3km SW Chiang Mai city, pitfall traps, 28.XI.–12.XII.1987, leg. P. Schwendinger, MHNG. 1 female ( PBI _ OON 00012712 ), same as PBI _ OON 00015228 , but 1.–8.VII.1987, MHNG. 1 female ( PBI _ OON 00031746 ), Nakhon Ratchasima Prov., Kao Yai National Park , secondary forest behind cabin, thick litter, 2.III.1986, leg. C.L. and P. R . Deeleman, RMNH . SINGAPORE: Selatar Reservoir, 2 males ( PBI _ OON 00022844 ), forest litter, 7.X.1972, QM. 3 males & 2 females ( PBI _ OON 00022849 ), marsh detritus, 11.X.1972, QM .

Etymology. The specific name is a patronym in honor of Dr. Barbara Baehr from the Queensland Museum, Australia.

Diagnosis. The new species can be separated from other Xyphinus species by the reticulation of the carapace surface, which covers it entirely in both sexes ( Figs 57A, D, F ; 59A, D, F ). The male palpal patella is provided with microsculpture ( Fig. 58C ). The female epigastric region shows a sclerotized arch and short posteriorly directed apodemes ( Figs 59H ; 60A–E ).

Description. Male. Total length 1.48 mm. Carapace: Orange-brown, broadly oval in dorsal view, strongly elevated in lateral view, anteriorly narrowed to between 0.49 times its maximum width or less, with angular posterolateral corners, posterolateral edge without pits, anterolateral corners without extensions or projections, posterolateral surface without spikes ( Fig. 57A, C, D, F ), surface and sides of carapace strongly reticulate, fovea absent. Lateral margin with sharply pointed denticles. Clypeus: sinuous in frontal view, vertical in lateral view, high, ALE separated from edge of carapace by their radius or more ( Fig. 57G ). Eyes: ALE largest, ALE and PLE circular, PME oval. Posterior eye row recurved from both above and front. ALE separated by less than their radius, ALE and PLE separated by less than ALE radius, PLE and PME separated by less than PME radius ( Fig. 57A, D, G ). Sternum: Longer than wide, sickle-shaped structures not touching. Radial furrows opposite coxae III absent. Surface smooth. Mouthparts: Chelicerae slightly divergent, promargin with microsculpture ( Fig. 57G ). Labium rectangular, indented at middle. Abdomen: Book-lung covers elliptical. Scuto-pedicel region with paired, curved scutal ridges. Dorsal scutum orange-brown, middle surface and sides reticulate, anterior half without projecting denticles ( Fig. 57A, C, H ). Epigastric scutum not protruding. Postepigastric scutum with short posteriorly directed lateral apodemes. Posterior spiracles connected by groove. Two slightly longer setae in front of anterior spiracles ( Fig. 57B ). Legs: Harpoon-like hairs covering the distal part of metatarsi and tarsi III and IV. Tibiae with three, metatarsi with one trichobothria each. Genitalia: Sperm pore large, situated at level of anterior spiracles. Trochanter normal size, unmodified. Femur two or more times as long as trochanter, attaching to patella subbasally; patella about as long as femur, with microsculpture on prolateral surface. Tibia one and a half times as long as patella, with three trichobothria. Cymbium pale orange, ovoid in dorsal view, not fused with bulb, with two elongated, dark setae ( Figs 57E ; 58A,C,F ) bulb yellowish, 1 to 1.5 times as long as cymbium, with several dark, sclerotized apophyses and membranous outgrowths ( Fig. 58A–F ).

Female. Total length 1.69 mm. Female palp spineless, femora with two spine-like hairs ventrally, tibiae with three trichobothria. Abdomen: Epigastric scutum strongly protruding ( Fig. 59C ). Genitalia: Epigastric furrow narrow. Small sclerotized half-moon-shaped structure visible, underlined by sclerotized ridge ( Figs 59H ; 60A–E ).

Figures

MAP 5. Records of X. baehrae sp. nov. (triangles) and X. distortus sp. nov. (circles). Map in small frame shows records of X. baehrae sp. nov. in India.

FIGURE 57. Xyphinus baehrae sp. nov., male. A, habitus, dorsal view; B, habitus, ventral view; C, habitus, lateral view; D, carapace, dorsal view; E, carapace, ventral view; F, carapace, lateral view; G, carapace, anterior view; H, abdomen, anterior view. Scale bars A, B, C = 1 mm; D, E, F, G, H = 0.5 mm.

FIGURE 58. Xyphinus baehrae sp. nov., male. A, C, left palp, prolateral view; B, D, left palp, retrolateral view; E, left palp, ventral view; F, mouthparts and palps, ventral view, SEM. Scale bars = 0.1 mm.

FIGURE 59. Xyphinus baehrae sp. nov., female. A, habitus, dorsal view; B, habitus, ventral view; C, habitus, lateral view; D, carapace, dorsal view; E, carapace, ventral view; F, carapace, lateral view; G, carapace, anterior view; H, abdomen, ventral view. Scale bars A, B, C = 1 mm; D, E, F, G, H = 0.5 mm.

FIGURE 60. Xyphinus baehrae sp. nov., female. A, C, epigastric area, ventral view; B, D, epigastric area, dorsal view; E, epigastric area, ventral view, SEM. Scale bars = 0.1 mm.