Anastrepha curvivenis Norrbom, 2021

Norrbom, Allen L., Muller, Alies, Gangadin, Anielkoemar, Sutton, Bruce D., Rodriguez, Erick J., Savaris, Marcoandre, Lampert, Silvana, Rodriguez, Pedro A., Steck, Gary J., Moore, Matthew R., Nolazco, Norma, Troya, Henry, Keil, Clifford B., Padilla, Anabel, Wiegmann, Brian M., Cassel, Brian, Branham, Marc & Ruiz-Arce, Raul, 2021, New species and host plants of Anastrepha (Diptera: Tephritidae) primarily from Suriname and Pará, Brazil, Zootaxa 5044 (1), pp. 1-74 : 15-17

Anastrepha curvivenis Norrbom , new species

Figs. 5, 6 , 35–39 , 79–81 , 101–102 , 125–126 , 151–152

urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:4E08C8D0-5E5A-44B5-AE48-80D898AE6F89

Diagnosis. Anastrepha curvivenis can be distinguished from other species of Anastrepha by the following combination of characters: Setae dark redbrown to black; C-band and S-band separated; V-band complete, separated from S-band; vein M 1 very strongly curved apically (cell r 4+5 at apex 0.67–0.76 times as wide as at level of dm-m), reaching or almost reaching apex of S-band; oviscape 4.83–5.48 mm long, 1.32–1.41 times as long as mesonotum; aculeus tip nonserrate, relatively long (0.54–0.61 mm), and tapered most strongly subbasally; lateral surstylus short, with basolateral lobe; phallus> 5 mm long. It resembles A. costalimai Autuori , A. leptozona Hendel and A. barnesi Aldrich in wing pattern and venation and surstylus shape but differs from them in terminalia length and the shape of the aculeus tip. It also differs from the latter two species in lacking serrations on the aculeus tip. It resembles A. galbina Stone in the shape and length of the aculeus tip, but differs in having the V-band complete, vein M 1 more strongly curved apically, and the terminalia slightly longer. It also resembles A. scobinae Stone in wing pattern and the length of the aculeus tip, but differs in having vein M 1 more strongly curved apically, the oviscape brown apically, fewer dorsobasal denticles on the eversible membrane, and the aculeus tip more strongly tapered subbasally. In the key of Zucchi et al. (2011) A. curvivenis runs to A. furcata Lima or A. hendeliana Lima, from which it differs in having the C-band and S-band separated, A. leptozona , from which it differs as indicated above, or A. dissimilis , from which it differs in having vein M 1 more strongly curved apically, longer terminalia, and a longer aculeus tip.

Five sequences of A. curvivenis , from four adult specimens from Suriname ( MT672181 – MT672184 ) and one from Ecuador (BCE1117688), were included in the COI barcode analysis of Moore et al. (in prep.). There were four unique sequences. The five sequences of A. curvivenis formed a separate cluster (i.e., with a COI barcode gap), with a range in intraspecific K2P distance of 0.0–0.6%. The smallest interspecific K2P distance was 5.9% with A. leptozona .

Description. Mostly yellow to orange. Setae dark red brown to black.

Head: Yellow to orange except brown ocellar tubercle. 3–5 frontal setae; 2 orbital setae, posterior seta well developed. Ocellar seta weak, 1–2 times as long as ocellar tubercle. Facial carina, in profile, straight or concave on dorsal two-thirds. Antenna not extended to ventral facial margin. Palpus in lateral view dorsally curved, evenly setulose.

Thorax: Mostly yellow to orange, most of scutum orange to dark orange; with following areas white to pale yellow: postpronotal lobe and lateral margin of scutum bordering it; medial scutal vitta, narrow anteriorly, quadrate posteriorly, extending laterally to dorsocentral seta; sublateral scutal vitta from transverse suture to posterior margin, including base of intra-alar seta; scutellum; dorsal margins of anepisternum and katepisternum; katepimeron; and most of anatergite and katatergite. Scutum usually with narrow orange brown to brown band on posterior margin, often darkest laterally, not extended laterally to intra-alar seta; in Brazilian and Peruvian females absent or present only as diffusely brownish area between dorsocentral and intra-alar lines. Subscutellum and mediotergite entirely orange. Mesonotum 3.50–4.23 mm long. Postpronotal lobe, notopleuron, scutum and scutellum entirely microtrichose; scutal setulae orange, sometimes brownish on lateral margin, evenly distributed sublaterally. Chaetotaxy typical for genus. Katepisternal seta weak, orange, less than one-third length of anepisternal seta.

Legs: Entirely yellow to orange.

Wing ( Figs. 35–39 ): Length 7.09–8.84 mm, width 2.91–3.65 mm, ratio 2.42–2.56. Apex of vein R 1 at 0.53–0.55 wing length, proximal to level of anterior end of crossvein r-m. Cell c 1.06–1.20 times as long as pterostigma; pterostigma 3.76–4.44 times as long as wide. Vein R 2+3 not sinuous. Crossvein r-m at 0.66–0.70 distance from bm-m to dm-m on vein M 1. Vein M 1 very strongly curved apically; cell r 4+5 at apex 0.67–0.76 times as wide as at level of dm-m, 0.55–0.59 times as wide as maximum subapical width. Cell cu a with distal lobe relatively long, length of cu a 1.65–1.82 times as long as anterior margin, lobe 0.71–0.83 times as long as vein CuA+CuP. Wing pattern mostly orange and moderate brown. C-band mostly orange, cells bc and c paler, bc and posterior part of cell c often subhyaline, pterostigma mostly moderate brown, distal margin of band in cells r 1 and r 2+3 narrowly brown, with small dark brown mark on fork of vein Rs, and in cell br usually with small to elongate irregular brown area in part anterior to cell bm and with elongate brown mark on distal margin of band. C-band and S-band broadly separated by hyaline band from cell bm to costa, usually slightly narrowed along vein R 4+5. Basal hyaline area in cell dm relatively large. Basal half of S-band relatively narrow, mostly orange, anterobasal margin mostly narrowly brown in cells br, r 1, and r 2+3, posterodistal margin narrowly brown anteriorly, more broadly posteriorly in cell m 4, extending to or usually into lobe of cell cu a, with weak or no incision in cell m 4; distal section orange, with most of margins and part in cell r 4+5 moderate brown; relatively broad, at apex of vein R 2+3 0.72–0.87 times width of cell r 2+3, extended to or almost to apex of vein M 1, without marginal hyaline areas; hyaline area proximal to apex of band extended to vein R 2+3. V-band with proximal arm relatively broad, mostly brown, orange medially in cell r 4+5 and bordering anterior part of crossvein dm-m; separated from S-band along vein R 4+5; on posterior margin extended two-thirds to three-fourths distance to vein CuA+CuP; distal arm mostly to entirely brown, connected to proximal arm; hyaline area between arms of V-band and vein M 1 one-third to two-thirds width of cell cell r.

4+5

Abdomen: Mostly orange, without brown markings.

Female terminalia: Oviscape 4.83–5.56 mm long, 1.30–1.41 times as long as mesonotum; orange basally, distal two-thirds darker orange brown to brown; spiracle at basal 0.25–0.29. Eversible membrane ( Figs. 79–81 ) withdorsobasal denticles in short but very broad pattern, with 70–80 relatively stout hooklike denticles in more than 10 V-shaped rows. Aculeus ( Figs. 101–102 ) ventrally curved in lateral view, 4.57–5.24 mm long, 0.93–0.99 times oviscape length; in ventral view base distinctly expanded, triangular, 0.24–0.26 mm wide, shaft 0.100 – 0.135 mm wide at midlength; tip ( Figs. 125–126 ) 0.54–0.62 mm long, 0.11–0.12 times aculeus length, 0.11–0.14 mm wide at base, 0.114 –0.135 preapically, 4.43–5.09 times as long as wide; in ventral view tapered subbasally, then gradually, nonserrate; 0.06–0.09 mm wide in lateral view, 0.50–0.67 times ventral width. Spermathecae not examined.

Male terminalia ( Figs. 151–152 ): Epandrium slightly shorter than high in lateral view, in posterior view with posterodorsal margin without medial V-shaped indentation. Lateral surstylus without basolateral lobe, relatively short, extended beyond prensisetae by 0.50 times length of prensiseta; in lateral view short, truncate, with small posterodistal lobe; in posterior view short, apex somewhat truncate, with subapical lateral lobe, medial margin convex. Proctiger with ventral and lateral sclerotized areas connected. Phallus 5.5 mm long, 1.54 times as long as mesonotum; glans 0.4 mm long.

Distribution. Anastrepha curvivenis is known from Brazil (Amazonas), Ecuador (Zamora-Chinchipe), Peru (San Martín), and Suriname. In Suriname it was collected at Berg en Dal, Brownsberg and Nassau, although in relatively small numbers.

Biology. The host plants and other aspects of the biology of this species are unknown.

Type data. Holotype ♀ ( USNM USNMENT01527082 ), SURINAME: Brokopondo: Berg en Dal, Bergendal Resort , [exit road, hilltop, 5.14908°N 55.07515°W, 29 m,] trap BD-ML-12, [24 May –] 6 Jun 2019, A. Muller . Paratypes: BRAZIL: Amazonas: Coari, Rio Urucu , RUC-27, 4°49’34”S 65°15’37”W, at mercury vapor light, 5–18 Mar 1994, P. F. Bührnheim et alia, 2♀ ( INPA USNMENT01526557–58 ) . ECUADOR: Zamora-Chinchipe: Soapaca , 3.91114°S 78.8299°W, 854 m, 21 Mar 2017, D. Elizalde, 1♀ (CNREE-AGROCALIDAD E11-17688) . PERU: San Martín: Tarapoto , trampa 2,2,6,2, 9 Feb 2006, 1♀ ( SENASA USNMENT00744647 ) . SURINAME: Brokopondo: Brownsberg Nature Park, Leo Val trail, 4.95234°N 55.18755°W, 472 m, trap BNP-ML-29, 21 Jul–20 Aug 2016, A. Gangadin, 1♀ ( NZCS USNMENT00875205 ) . Sipaliwini: Nassau , 4.81445°N 54.61536°W, mercury vapor light, black light blue ( HPL /BLB), 22–31 Jul 2016, A. J. Hielkema, 1♂ 1♀ ( USNM USNMENT00875206 USNMENT00875208 ) ; same, 23–30 Jul 2016, 1♀ ( USNM USNMENT00875207 ) .

Etymology. The name of this species is a Latin adjective, from curvus, meaning curved, and vena, meaning vein, in reference to the strongly curved vein M 1.

Comments. This species belongs to the leptozona species group as indicated by its wing pattern (C-band and S-band separated), venation (vein M 1 very strongly curved apically), and male surstylus shape (short, with lateroapical lobe). In the COI analysis of Moore et al. (in prep.), the five sequences of A. curvivenis form a separate cluster which is grouped with A. barnesi Aldrich and A. leptozona Hendel , other members of the leptozona group.

Figures

FIGURES 5–6. Habitus: A. curvivenis (Peru: Tarapoto, USNMENT00744647; Suriname: Berg en Dal, USN- MENT01527082).

FIGURES 31–42. Wings: 31–34, A. crassaculeus (Colombia: Pamplonita, ICAMF00000437; Suriname: Brownsberg, USN- MENT00875104, USNMENT00875105, USNMENT00875106); 35–39, A. curvivenis (Peru: Tarapoto, USNMENT00744647; Suriname: Brownsberg, USNMENT00875205, Nassau, USNMENT00875206, USNMENT00875207, USNMENT00875208); 40–42, A. fuscoalata (Suriname: Berg en Dal, USNMENT00875198, Brownsberg, USNMENT00875200, USN- MENT00875197).

FIGURES 77–84. Eversible membranes, dorsal unless otherwise indicated: 77–78, A. crassaculeus (Colombia: Pamplonita, ICAMF00000437; Suriname: Brownsberg, USNMENT00875105); 79–80, A. curvivenis (Brazil: Rio Urucu, USN- MENT01526558; 80, lateral); 81, A. curvivenis (Peru: Tarapoto, USNMENT00744647); 82–83, A. fuscoalata (Suriname: Berg en Dal, USNMENT01526233; 83, dorsoapical); 84, A. gangadini (Suriname: Brownsberg, USNMENT00875038).

FIGURES 98–120. Aculei, ventral unless otherwise indicated: 98, A. aithogaster (Suriname: Brownsberg, USN- MENT00875210); 99, A. aliesae (Suriname: Coebitie, USNMENT00875194); 100, A. brownsbergiensis (Suriname: Brownsberg, USNMENT00875023); 101–102, A. curvivenis (Peru: Tarapoto, USNMENT0074464; Suriname: Brownsberg, US- NMENT00875205); 103, A. fuscoalata (Suriname: Coebitie, USNMENT00875201); 104–105, A. gangadini (Suriname: Brownsberg, USNMENT00875037, USNMENT00875039); 106–107, A. juxtalanceola (Brazil: REBIO-Rio Trombetas, USNMENT01113849; Suriname: Brownsberg, USNMENT00875157); 108, A. microstrepha (Suriname: Brownsberg, US- NMENT01526060); 109, A. mitaraka (French Guiana: Mitaraka, USNMENT00875225); 110, A. surinamensis (Suriname: Brownsberg, USNMENT00875031); 111, A. tenebrosa (Peru: ExplorNapo, USNMENT00875629); 112, A. triangularis (Suriname: Berg en Dal, USNMENT00875026); 113–114, A. crassaculeus (Suriname: Brownsberg, USNMENT00875105; 114, lateral); 115–116, A. neptis (Suriname: Brownsberg, USNMENT00875004; Peru: ExplorNapo, USNMENT00875626); 117, A. sobrina (Suriname: Brownsberg, USNMENT00875613); 118, A. wachiperi (French Guiana: Mitaraka, USNMENT00875217); 119–120, A. wittiensis (Suriname: Brownsberg, USNMENT01526260; 120, lateral).

FIGURES 121–131. Aculeus tips, ventral unless otherwise indicated: 121, A. aithogaster (Suriname: Brownsberg, USN- MENT00875210); 122, A. aliesae (Suriname: Coebitie, USNMENT00875194); 123, A. brownsbergiensis (Suriname: Brownsberg, USNMENT00875023); 124, A. crassaculeus (Suriname: Brownsberg, USNMENT00875105); 125–126, A. curvivenis (Peru: Tarapoto, USNMENT0074464; Suriname: Brownsberg, USNMENT00875205); 127, A. fuscoalata (Suriname: Coebitie, USNMENT00875201); 128–129, A. gangadini (Suriname: Brownsberg, USNMENT00875037, USNMENT00875039); 130– 131, A. juxtalanceola (Brazil: REBIO-Rio Trombetas, USNMENT01113849; Suriname: Brownsberg, USNMENT00875157).

FIGURES 149–152. Male terminalia, lateral and posterior: 149–150, A. crassaculeus (Suriname: Brownsberg, USN- MENT00875104); 151–152, A. curvivenis (Suriname: Nassau, USNMENT00875206).