Polygonatum arisanense Hayata var. arisanense, Icones Plantarum Formosanarum. 9:140. 1920. Type: Taiwan, Chiayi County, Arisan, Kodensho, leg. S. Sasaki, May 1913. (Lectotype designated by Jeffery (1980): TI!; isotype: TI!)

Chien-Ti, Chao & Yen-Hsueh, Tseng, 2019, Revision of Polygonatum (Asparagaceae, Nolinoideae, Polygonateae) of Taiwan, PhytoKeys 117, pp. 99-118 : 107-108

1. Polygonatum arisanense Hayata var. arisanense, Icones Plantarum Formosanarum. 9:140. 1920. Type: Taiwan, Chiayi County, Arisan, Kodensho, leg. S. Sasaki, May 1913. (Lectotype designated by Jeffery (1980): TI!; isotype: TI!) Fig. 6 萎蕤

P. cyrtonema sensu auct. Liu & Ying non. Hua in Journal de Botanique (Morot) 6 (21): 393-394. 1892.

P. odoratum sensu auct. Chen et al. non. Druce in Annals of Scottish Natural History 60: 226. 1906.

P. odoratum (Mill.) Druce var. pluriflorum sensu auct. Ying non. Ohwi in Bulletin of the Natural Science Museum 26: 7. 1949.

Perennial herbs.

Rhizome tuberous. Stem arching, 30 –150(– 200) cm long, green or purplish green, glabrous, sometimes covered with white powder, base covered with scale leaf, caducous. Leaf deciduous, alternate, chartaceous, 3-multiple nerved, lanceolate to wide lanceolate, 15.0-18.5 cm long, 5.5-8.0 cm wide, apex acuminate, base attenuate, petiole short, 3-5 mm long, often reddish or purplish. Inflorescences umbel with 5-7 flowers, peduncle longer than pedicels, ca. 3 cm long, glabrous, inflated, articulated close to flowers, bracteoles very minutely, caducous. Flowers pendulous, perianth tube 1.5-2.3 cm long, ca. 1 cm in diam., white with pale green veins, base acute, perianth segments 6, arranged into 2 whorls, each 3, 5-10 mm long, ca. 5 mm wide, green with dark green strip, ovate to triangle, apex obtuse, floccose. Stamen 6, filaments slender, base expansion and flattened, papillose or short cottony, inserted at middle of perianth tube, ca. 1 cm long, anthers ca. 3 mm long, 2-loculed, introrse and longitudinally dehiscent. Ovary superior, 3-loculed, ovate to oblong, covered with white powder, 3.0-4.5 mm long, 2.0-3.5 mm in diam., apex obtuse; style filiform, 1.3-1.5 cm long, stigma entire, pubescent. Fruits berry, purplish black. Seeds numerous. 2n=22.

Endemic.

Distributed from low to ca. 2000 m mountains through the island (Fig. 3 ).

Specimen examined.

Taipei city: Nankangshan, 30 m, 20 May 1987, S. M. Chaw 419 (HAST); New Taipei city: Wuliaochien, 500 m, 20 Aug 2004, C. M. Wang et al. 7627 (TNM); In silvis inter Sauken et Hyarawa, T. Suzuki 7047 (TAI); tonroku ridge of kahoyama, 11 May 1935, Fukuyama ST19237 (TAI); rarayama, 1200 m, 7 Sep. 1934, T. Suzuki 11733 (TAI); Lo-pei-shan, Y. B. Cheng & T. S. Hsieh 1182 (TAI); Mt. Wuliaochien, 300-500 m, 26 Apr 2014, T. C. Hsu 6959 (TAIF); Mt. Peichatienshan, 1500 m, 10 Oct 1984, C. I Peng 7466 (HAST); Tachienchih, 700 m, 24 Mar 2001, Y. Y. Huang 280 (HAST); Shihting, 400 m, 28 Feb 1993, H. W. Lin et al. 106 (TNU); Ilan county: Chiaping logging trail, 1000-2000 m, 7 Aug 2006, C. H. Chen et al. 7442 (TNM); ca. 8 km of no. 100 logging trail of Chilan, ca. 1300 m, 27 Apr 2007, C. F. Chen et al. 2501 (TNM); Tatung, T. Y. A. Yang et al. 13664 (TNM); Mt. Taiheizan, Jul. 1929, S. Suzuki 1072 (TAI); Mt. Taiping, 27 Aug. 1962, Chuang et al. 4795 (TAI); Shi-yen-ya-ko, C. S. Kuoh 1789 (TAI); Mt. Taiping, C. C. Chuang et al. 4689 (TAI); Mingchih, Liao et al. 10531 (CHIA); Taipingshan logging trail, 29 Apr 2007, P. F. Lu 13696 (TAIF); Ssuchi logging trail, 1400-1700 m, 9 May 2011, T. C. Hsu 3977 (TAIF); Mt. Poluo, 1300 m, 17 Apr 2014, C. T. Chao 3375 (TCF); near Chilan, on provincial road sign between 67 km to 69 km, 1200 m, 14 Aug. 1997, J. C. Wang & C. H. Chen 10525 (TNU); 710 logging track, 1000-1100 m, 22 Sept 1996, Y. C. Chen 65 (TNU); Taoyuan county: Mt. Lala, 1500 m, 7 May 1986, S. Y. Lu 19144 (TAIF); same loc., ca. 2 Jul 2009, C. T. Chao 785, 786, 787 (TCF); same loc., 26 Sep 2009, C. T. Chao 1033, 1034, 1035, 1036 (TCF); on the way from Lalashan forest recreation area to Fushan, 1500-1600 m, 11 May 1997, S. M. Kuo 82 (HAST); Pafu ancient trail, 1500 m, 14 Apr 2014, C. T. Chao (TCF); from Lalashan forest recreation area to Fushan, 1500-1600 m, 11 May 1997, S. M. Kuo et al. 82 (TNU); Hsinchu county: Yuanyanghu, 1700 m, 9 May 1995, H. Y. Shen et al. 778 (TNM); same loc., Y. F. Wang 1043 (TAI); same loc., 1700 m, 28 Jun 1985, S. Y. Lu 16589 (TAIF); same loc., 1670 m, 8 May 1995, H. Y. Shen 746 (HAST); Malo to Shangyulao, ca. 1000 m, 14 May 2004, C. M. Wang & C. P. Lu 7371 (TNM); Taikeigun, Tamankei no minamoto, T. Suzuki & T. Nakamura ST 18228 (TAI); Chenhsipao, ca. 1800 m, 26 Jul 2000, Summer Collecting Team 11595 (TAIF); same loc., 1640 m, 10 May 2000, C. H. Lin 289 (HAST); Mt. Litung, ca. 1800 m, 17 May 2008, P. F. Lu 15952 (TAIF); same loc., 1510 m, 3 Jul 2002, C. H. Chen 4374 (TAIE); Ssumakussu, 1500 m, 23 May 2012, T. C. Hsu 5757 (TAIF); Taohsia to Shangyulao, 1300 m, 2 Jun 2012, T. C. Hsu 5789 (TAIF); Kuanwu, Talu forest road 20-26 km, 2000 m, 20 May 1994, J. C. Wang 9214 (HAST); the north line of Loshan logging trail, 1440 m, 9 Jun 2004, C. C. Wu 677 (HAST); Chienshih, ca. 1000 m, 20 Jan 2010, C. T. Chao 1271 (TCF); Tulungtan, 2000 m, 17 Apr 2016, C. T. Chao 4095 (TCF); Matai ancient trail, 500 m, 7 Dec 2014, C. T. Chao 3622 (TCF); Kuanwu, Talu forest road 20-26 km, 2000 m, 20 May 1994, J. C. Wang et al. 9214 (TNU); Miaoli county: Talu logging trail, C. H. Yu 950 (TAI); Mt. Henglung ancient trail, ca. 1550 m, 25 Apr 2010, P. F. Lu 20163 (TAIF); Kuantaoshan, 700 m, C. T. Chao 1287 (TCF); Hennungshan, 1000 m, 8 Jan 1997, M. Y. Shen 1277, 1278 (TAIE); Hoununghsi, 5 Jun 1997, M. Y. Shen 1727 (TAIE); Malabanshan, 1402 m, 22 Mar 2006, M. Y. Shen 4318 (TAIE); Ta-lu logging tract east line, 2000 m, 8 Jul 1998, J. C. Wang & summer collection team 10662 (TNU); Nantou county: Hakku-Musha, 14 Jul. 1930, G. Masamune 1349 (TAI); Shanlinhsi, K. C. Chang 137 (CHIA); Chitou, 15 Feb 1960, T. I. Chuang 3167 (HAST); same loc., 1150 m, 5 Feb 2010, C. T. Chao 1326 (TCF); Renlun logging track, 1638 m, 27 Jun 2017, M. Y. Shen 5393 (TAIE); Tungpu to kuankao, 1700 m, 14 Apr 1996, K. C. Yang 4692 (TNU); Hsitou recreation area, 1200-1500 m, 14 Feb 1997, S. M. Kuo et al. 71 (TNU); Chiayi county: Hsiting, K. C. Yang 5646 (TNM); Bunkiko, U. Faurie s. n. (TI); Mt. Chiananyun, ca. 1600 m, 29 Mar 2012, T. C. Hsu 5525 (TAIF); Tatungshan, 1700 m, 19 Oct 1998, T. W. Hsu 9244 (TAIE); Yunlin county: Shihpishan, 1500 m, 13 Mar 2009, C. T. Chao 476, 478 (TCF); Tainan city: Tatungshan, T. C. Huang & S. F. Huang 15995 (TAI); en route from Chietung Villa to Tienyunshan, 1300 m, 1 Nov 1985, C. I Peng 8805 (HAST); Hualien county: Hoping logging trail 27-27.5 km, ca. 1200 m, 6 May 2000, S. T. Chiu et al. 6163 (TNM); Hoping logging trail 39.7 km, near the working cabin of Forest Bureau, ca. 2000 m, 7 May 2006, S. T. Chiu et al. 6274 (TNM); Hoping logging track, 26-39 km, 800-1800 m, 22 Apr 2002, S. M. Kuo et al. 705 (NTNU); Tentyo cliff, C. H. Chen 7029 (TNM); Monte Taroko-taizan, 1800-2000 m, 14 Jun 1933, T. Suzuki 9494 (TAI); from Fong-shan Branch to no. 29 compt., Liu et al. 96 (TAI); Hoping, ca. 1300 m, 22 Apr 2002, S. M. Kuo et al. 705 (TAIF); Mt. Chienliyen, 1400 m, 17 Apr 2011, T. C. Hsu 3879 (TAIF); from peak of Chingshuishan to Shakatang forest road, 1500-2000 m, W. P. Leu 1804 (HAST); same loc., 1300 m, 30 Apr 2016, C. T. Chao 4110 (TCF); Lanshan, 1500 m, 1 Apr 1994, Y. C. Sun 220 (TAIE); Mt. Mukwashan forest, Halun station, 2000-2100 m, 23 Sep 1984, C. I Peng 7278 (HAST); Kaohsiung city: Mt. Hsiaokuan logging trail, 16 Apr 2009, M. J. Jung 3953 (TAIF); Pingtung county: Mt. Lili, 1000 m, 6 May 2012, T. C. Hsu 5656 (TAIF); same loc., 30 Apr 2013, T. C. Hsu 6543 (TAIF); on a hiking path near Wutai, 860 m, 26 Feb 2002, W. C. Leong 3019 (HAST); Wutai to Ali, 1100 m, 7 Dec 2015, C. T. Chao 4019 (TCF);

Figures

Figure 3. Distribution map of Polygonatum arisanense var. arisanense.

Figure 6. Polygonatum arisanense var. arisanense. A habit B rhizome C leaf adaxial surface D leaf abaxial surface E inflorescence F flower G pistil H expanded perianth tube with stamens I fruit.