Cionus ganglbaueri Wingelmüller, 1914

Košťál, Michael & Caldara, Roberto, 2019, Revision of Palaearctic species of the genus Cionus Clairville (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Cionini), Zootaxa 4631 (1), pp. 1-144 : 72-74

42. Cionus ganglbaueri Wingelmüller, 1914

Figs 42 a–f.

Cionus ganglbaueri Wingelmüller, 1914: 198 ; 1921: 115; 1937: 179. Hustache, 1932: 343. A. Hoffmann, 1958: 1221. Smreczyński, 1976: 57. Caldara, 2013: 123. Alonso-Zarazaga et al., 2017: 185.

Type locality. Hinterbrühl (Niederösterreich, Austria) .

Type series. In coll. Wingelmüller ( NHMW), there are four males and one female labeled as follows: “ ♂ / Hinterbrühl Ganglbauer / n.sp. Ganglbaueri det. Wingelmüll.”, “ ♂ / Umg. v. Wien Leepoldsbg. WINGELMÜLLER / n.sp. Ganglbaueri”, “ Austria inf. Oberbergern / ♂ / Ganglbaueri m. det. Wingelm. ”, “Lienz, Ti. Ganglb.´10 / ♂ / Ganglbaueri m. det. Wingelmüll. ” and “Moravia Kromau / ♀ /Ganglbaueri m. det. Wingelm. ”. Thanks to the full correspondence of the original description with the morphology and labeling of the above mentioned specimens, it is clear that all these specimens are syntypes . We designated the first specimen, a perfectly preserved male, 3.74 mm long, with mounted penis as the lectotype of C. ganglbaueri Wingelmüller by adding the printed red label “LECTO- TYPUS Cionus ganglbaueri Wingelmüller M.Košťál et R.Caldara des. 2011”, and the three remaining specimens as paralectotypes. In coll. SMDEI, under the name Cionus ganglbaueri Wingelmüller , there are eight specimens which bear printed red labels “ Syntypus ”. Three specimens (1 ♂, 2 ♀♀) come from “Moravia Kromau” and five specimens (3 ♂♂, 2 ♀♀) from “ Austria Inf. Kamptal”. We labeled all these specimens as paralectotypes by adding the printed red label “ PARALECTOTYPUS Cionus ganglbaueri Wingelm. Michael Košťál des. 2012”.

Synonyms. None.

Redescription. Male. Body stout, subrotund. Head: rostrum moderately stout, medium long (l/ w 4.9, Rl/Pl 1.24), black; in lateral view slightly unevenly curved, at antennal insertion more curved than in basal and apical part, here without any visible swelling, in basal part of same width, in apical part moderately tapered to apex; in dorsal view slightly broadened from base to antennal insertion, then very slightly broadened to apex, in basal half in crosssection moderately constricted laterally, beyond antennal insertion moderately dorsoventrally flattened; in basal part including antennal insertion very densely, longitudinally punctured to ribbed, especially at antennal insertion, apical part with dense subrotund punctures, very close to apex with small median longitudinal shiny area; in basal part semidensely covered with recumbent to subrecumbent, backwardly oriented, pale-yellowish scales, at antennal insertion with transversally oriented, thinner lighter scales, in apical part with forwardly oriented subrecumbent scales and a few erect, whitish hair-like scales at apex. Head between eyes narrow, of slightly less than 0.5 rostrum width at base. Eyes large, flat to subrotund, not protruding from head outline. Antennae light reddish-brown, with darkened club, inserted at 0.7 of rostrum length; funicle of 0.8 scape length, segment 1 slightly wider than segment 2, of 0.8 length of segment 2, segment 1 approximately twice, segment 2 almost three times as long as wide, segments 3 and 4 slightly longer than wide, segment 5 subglobose; club oval, 2.1 × longer than wide, of approximately 0.9 funicle length, completely covered with recumbent, tiny, brownish to whitish hairs and sparsely distributed, erect whitish sensilla. Pronotum: black, somewhat wider than long (Pl/Pw 0.66), densely, evenly punctured, punctures equal in size, small and round; nearly fully covered with evenly densely arranged, forwardly to medially oriented, subrecumbent, elongate (l/w 6–9) pale-yellowish scales; widest at base, conically markedly narrowed from base to anterior margin, shortly beyond half of its length with shallow constriction, in lateral view in basal half flat on disc, then falling without constriction to anterior margin. Prosternum: anterior margin with deep, relatively narrow, sharply incised emargination not reaching coxae. Scutellum: triangular, blunt at apex, covered with recumbent, densely arranged, backwardly oriented, pale-yellowish scales similar to those on elytra. Elytra: black, in basal 2/3 slightly elliptically rounded, in apical third broadly evenly rounded, slightly elongate (El/Ew 1.17), widest at mid-length, at base somewhat wider than pronotum (Ew/Pw 1.56), humeri rounded, visibly prominent, without posthumeral impression; moderately convex on disc; interstria 1 from about 1/4 to half of medial length strongly and shortly before apex moderately broadened, interstria 2 at same lengths narrowed and strongly constricted laterally encompassing large dorsal and smaller preapical black tomentous maculae surrounded by pale-yellowish scales of same type as majority of scales on elytra, interstriae except perimacular areas of approximately equal width, very slightly convex; odd interstriae except perimacular areas with unevenly, relatively densely distributed, large subquadrate to longitudinal patches formed by shortly elongate, black scales similar to those in maculae; striae almost indistinct, formed by uneven single rows of round punctures; entire surface densely covered with recumbent to subrecumbent, shortly elongate (l/w 3–6), unicolored pale-yellowish scales almost completely concealing integument. Venter: in medial part covered with thin, subrecumbent, sparse whitish hairs, at sides with recumbent, elongate pale-yellowish scales not noticeably thicker at ventrite margins; mesosternal process flat, short and shallowly concave at apex; metasternum slightly convex, with round to transversally elongate, densely distributed punctures; ventrite 1 with deep median longitudinal impression, densely unevenly punctured, ventrite 2 except posterior margin with impression, densely punctured; ventrite 1 1.6 × as long as ventrite 2, ventrites 1–2 combined 4 × as long as ventrites 3–4 combined, ventrites 3–4 combined of 0.8 length of ventrite 5. Legs: black to blackish-brown except brown basal 3/4 of onychia, and claws; profemora with small sharp teeth, meso-and metafemora with large sharp triangular teeth; femora and tibiae semidensely covered with recumbent to subrecumbent, pale-yellowish to grayish elongate scales, on femora without or only with indistinct transverse clusters of scales, tarsi with shorter suberect hairs, onychia with recumbent thin long whitish hairs; protarsal onychia of normal length, as long as tarsomeres 1–3 combined, protarsal tarsomere 3 as long as wide; lateral protarsal claws small, of half length of medial ones, medial claws of meso- and metatarsi by 1/3 shorter than their pair-claws. Penis: Figs 42 d–f, its body broad in basal 3/4, then narrowed towards rounded apex with small incision.

Female. Rostrum longer (Rl/Pl 1.9), evenly curved from base to apex, antennal insertion at 0.6 of rostrum length. Ventrites 1 and 2 without impression. Onychia of anterior legs as in males, claws equally long.

Variability. Length: ♂♂ 3.54–4.10 mm, ♀♀ 3.76–4.29 mm. Smreczyński (1976) reported 3.2 mm as the mini- mum length. We did not find such small specimens among numerous specimens studied and measured. This species does not show remarkable variability of habitus. The dorsal macula may vary in size, and to a lesser extent in shape. In some male specimens, protarsal onychia may be longer than tarsomeres 1–3 combined.

Diagnosis. This species is recognizable by almost concealed elytral integument, pale-yellowish, shortly elongate scales on elytra, round and relatively large dorsal macula, deep impression on ventrites 1 and 2, and by penis shape.

Comparative notes. This species is most closely related to C. colonnellii , from which it differs by smaller dorsal macula, mostly pale-yellowish to greenish vestiture, larger to oblong rectangular patches of black scales on odd interstriae, and penis shape.

Biological notes. The first author repeatedly collected this species in series in May and June in southern and central Slovakia on Verbascum chaixii austriacum . The specimens were sitting on leaves, stalks and under flowers. Smreczyński (1976) reported also V. nigrum and V. lychnitis as host plants. We saw a couple of specimens collected on V. nigrum in Harz ( Germany) by Krüger (SMDEI) and one male from southern Bohemia collected on V. lychnitis by Hilf (SMDEI).

Distribution. Cionus ganglbaueri is widely distributed in western, central, southern and south-eastern Europe: France, Switzerland, Germany, Poland, Austria, Czech Republic, Slovakia, Hungary, Italy, Bulgaria and European Russia.

Non-type specimens examined. We examined more than 190 specimens from the above countries.

Figures

FIGURES 41–42. FIGURE 41. Cionus clairvillei. a: body in dorsal view (male), b: body in lateral view (male), c: rostrum in lateral view (female), d: penis in ventral view, e: penis in lateral view, f: apex of penis in dorsal view. Not to scale. FIGURE 42. Cionus ganglbaueri. a: body in dorsal view (male), b: body in lateral view (male), c: rostrum in lateral view (female), d: penis in ventral view, e: penis in lateral view, f: apex of penis in dorsal view. Not to scale.