Cionus fluviatilis Voss, 1960

Košťál, Michael & Caldara, Roberto, 2019, Revision of Palaearctic species of the genus Cionus Clairville (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Cionini), Zootaxa 4631 (1), pp. 1-144 : 49-51

27. Cionus fluviatilis Voss, 1960

Figs 27 a–f.

Cionus fluviatilis Voss, 1960: 137 . Caldara, 2013: 123. Alonso-Zarazaga et al., 2017: 185.

Type locality. Tangi-Gharuh ( Afghanistan) .

Type series. The species was described from eastern Afghanistan based on 12 specimens. In the original description, there is no specimen indicated as the holotype. Therefore, all the following specimens should be regarded as syntypes. In coll. Voss ( ZFMK), there are two males and one female under the name C. fluviatilis . They are labeled as follows: the female “ Holotypus [printed red label] / J.KlapperichTangi-Gharuh, 1600 m am Kabulfluss, 10.5.52 O-Afghanistan / Cionus fluviatilis n. sp. ♀ E.Voss det., 1955 [red written asterisk] / Cionus fluviatilis Voss, 1959 [folded]”, the male “ Allotypus [printed pink label] / [same as in female] / Cionus fluviatilis n. sp. ♂ E.Voss det. 1956 [red handwritten “A”]”, the other male “ Paratypus [printed red label] / [same as in female]”. The female was designated as the lectotype by adding the printed red label “ LECTOTYPUS Cionus fluviatilis Voss Michael Košťál des. 2014”. The lectotype is 3.63 mm long, perfectly preserved. The males were labeled as paralectotypes accordingly. In the other part of coll. Voss ( ZMUH), there are a couple of Cionus specimens labeled “ J. Klapperich Tangi-Gharuh, 1600 m am Kabulfluss, 10.5.52 O-Afghanistan / Cionus fluviatilis m. / Paratypus [red, printed] / Coll. E. Voss Eing. 3–75”. Both male and female specimens were labeled as paralectotypes by adding the label “PARA- LECTOTYPUS Cionus fluviatilis Voss Michael Košťál des. 2014”. Finally, in coll. Reitter ( HNHM), there is a female labeled “ J. Klapperich Umgeb. v. Kabul 1740 m, 12.5.52 O-Afghanistan / Paratypus Cionus fluviatilis Voss 1957 [red-outlined replica label] / Paratype Cionus fluviatilis det. E.Voss 1957 [red label with Voss´ handwriting] / Museum Budapest”. This female was also labeled as paralectotype .

Synonyms. None.

Redescription. Male. Body medium stout, suboval. Head: rostrum medium stout, medium long (l/ w 4.4, Rl/ Pl 1.27), brown; in lateral view slightly evenly curved, slightly narrowed in basal third, then of similar width to shortly before apex; in dorsal view of same width from base to apex, basal part slightly laterally constricted, apical part moderately dorsoventrally flattened; densely longitudinally punctured except apex, at apex with small median smooth area; basal part with up- and backwardly oriented, recumbent yellow scales, apical part with subrecumbent to suberect, forwardly oriented yellowish seta-like scales. Head between eyes narrow, of about 0.4 rostrum width at base. Eyes large, rounded, very slightly protruding from head outline. Antennae reddish-brown, with darkened club, inserted shortly beyond half of rostrum length, funicle of 0.7 scape length, segment 1 wider than segment 2, segment 1 almost, segment 2 more than twice as long as wide, segments 3–5 subquadrate to transverse; club spindle-shaped, almost 2.5 × as long as wide, completely covered with recumbent brownish to yellowish hairs and sparse, relatively short pale sensilla. Pronotum: brown, darkened at base and anterior margin, somewhat wider than long (Pl/Pw 0.63), densely punctured, punctures round, of unequal size, spaces between punctures smaller than puncture diameter; densely covered with slightly unevenly distributed, variously oriented, recumbent and subrecumbent elongate (l/w 5–8) yellowish scales; widest at base, very slightly conically narrowed to half of its length, then abruptly conically to concavely narrowed to anterior margin, with broad distinct constriction, in lateral view in basal half slightly convex to flat, then gradually falling to anterior margin. Prosternum: anterior margin with sharply incised semicircular emargination without apparent bound, separated from coxae by narrow prosternal area. Scutellum: triangular, covered with yellowish and black scales similar to those on elytra, confluently punctured. Elytra: brown, in basal 2/3 to 3/4 subparallel to slightly rounded, in apical part very broadly evenly rounded, weakly elongate (El/Ew 1.19), widest at about half of their length, at base somewhat wider than pronotum (Ew/Pw 1.66), humeri rounded, moderately prominent, with distinct posthumeral impression; flat on disc; interstria 1 from 1/5 to almost half of medial length and in preapical area moderately broadened, interstria 2 at same lengths narrowed and constricted laterally encompassing large longitudinally elongate dorsal and round preapical black tomentous maculae with border formed by diffuse, gingery colored scales; interstriae except perimacular areas of approximately same width; odd interstriae with less conspicuous long patches formed by subrecumbent, black tipped scales alternating with indistinct small patches formed by light yellow, hair-like scales similar to those on entire elytra; striae shallow, formed by almost even single rows of densely arranged, round punctures; entire surface semidensely covered with subrecumbent, markedly elongate (l/w 6–12), yellowish and sparsely intermixed brown hair-like scales concealing majority of integument. Venter: unevenly covered with recumbent and subrecumbent elongate scales and hair-like scales, on metepisterna, lateral parts of metasternum and margins of ventrites 3 and 4 clusters of yellow elongate scales, in median longitudinal parts semi-sparsely distributed, whitish to yellowish hair-like scales; mesosternal process flat, broad, blunt at posterior margin, scaled, densely punctured; metasternum moderately concave, transversally punctured, ventrite 1 and anterior part of ventrite 2 with punctured impression; ventrite 1 1.6 × as long as ventrite 2, ventrites 1–2 combined 2.7 × as long as ventrites 3–4 combined, ventrites 3–4 combined of 0.7 length of ventrite 5. Legs: brown except reddish-brown onychia, profemora with small teeth emphasized by erect scales, meso- and metafemora with large sharp subtriangular teeth; femora and tibiae evenly densely covered with subrecumbent to suberect, yellowish elongate scales, especially on tibiae with intermixed suberect black scales, tarsomeres 1–3 with suberect, onychia with subrecumbent yellowish seta-like scales, tarsomere 3 wider than long; protarsal onychia of approximately same length as tarsomeres 1–3 combined; lateral protarsal and medial meso- and metatarsal claws by 1/4 to 1/3 shorter than their pair-claws. Penis: Figs 27 d–f, its body moderately long, with subparallel sides, bluntly tapered at apex.

Female. Rostrum longer (Rl/Pl 1.50), in apical part moderately tapered, antennae inserted at 0.6 of rostrum length. Ventrites 1 and 2 without impression. Claws equally long.

Variability. Length ♂♂ 3.65–3.96 mm, ♀♀ 3.65–3.97 mm. All examined specimens did not show considerable morphological differences.

Diagnosis. This species is recognizable by major part of elytral integument concealed by scales, small size, elongate dorsal macula, hair-like yellowish scales on elytra, and penis shape.

Comparative notes. This species is most closely related to C. auriculus from which it differs by stouter and

shorter rostrum in both sexes, especially in females, elongate dorsal macula, more transverse pronotum, on average shorter onychia, and shape of penis. It differs from C. zonovi , which has also elongate dorsal macula, by long hairlike scales on elytra.

Biological notes. Biology unknown. One old specimen mentioned below bears a label “ Scrophularia ”.

Distribution. Afghanistan, Tajikistan.

Non-type specimens examined. AFGHANISTAN: Badakshan , Sohva, 2900 m, 11.vii.1953, 1 spec. ( ZFMK) ; “Kanou”, 22.vi.1939, on Scrophularia sp., 1 ♀ ( MNHN) . TAJIKISTAN: Karateginskiy khrebet, 25 km SW Garma, 8. vii. 1975, 1 ♂, 1 ♀ ( ZIN) .

Figures

FIGURES 27–28. FIGURE 27. Cionus fluviatilis. a: body in dorsal view (male), b: body in lateral view (male), c: rostrum in lateral view (female), d: penis in ventral view, e: penis in lateral view, f: apex of penis in dorsal view. Not to scale. FIGURE 28. Cionus leonhardi. a: body in dorsal view (male), b: body in lateral view (male), c: rostrum in lateral view (female), d: penis in ventral view, e: penis in lateral view, f: apex of penis in dorsal view. Not to scale.