Agrilus paraimpexus Hespenheide, 2007

Hespenheide, Henry A., 2007, The identity of Agrilus impexus Horn, a new species, and taxonomic notes and records for other Agrilus Curtis species (Coleoptera: Buprestidae), Zootaxa 1617 (1), pp. 57-66 : 59-63

Agrilus paraimpexus Hespenheide , new species

( Fig. 2 )

Description. Holotype male: Slender, subcylindrical, 6.00 mm long, 1.55 mm wide; dark reddish-coppery throughout, except epistoma between antennal insertions metallic green; setae pale and recumbent, short, sparse and relatively inconspicuous, except denser on front and sides of pronotum above and below prehumeral carina, denser and conspicuous in three patches on each elytron - a small spot in basal depressions, a narrow, more elongate spot along suture at 1/3. and a nearly isometric spot at 2/3 - on dorsal portions of abdominal ventrites 1–2, in spots on lateral portions of ventrites 3–5, in narrow line at middle of ventrites 1–2, on outer ½ of posterior coxae, in upper posterior corners of metasternum and epimeron, setae dense and semierect on prosternum and continuing along midline of anterior ½ of metasternum.

Head with front convex, but narrowly, distinctly depressed along midline, surface rugose, more coarsely so above middle; epistoma between antennal insertions 1/4 width of distance between inner margins of eyes, emarginate below, eyes oval, slightly emarginate on inner margins; antennae serrate from segment 5, segments 5–11 rounded-triangular.

Pronotum subequal to elytra at posterior margin, with sides shallowly expanded outward then nearly parallel to apex; marginal and submarginal carinae slightly undulate, separated for entire length and converging slightly toward base when viewed from side; from above anterior margin produced as angulately-rounded lobe; basal margin angulately emarginate at middle of each elytron, nearly transverse before scutellum; disk moderately convex, with distinct depression along midline and oblique depressions interior to and in front of prehumeral carinae to lateral margins; prehumeral carinae strong, nearly straight, 2/5 length of pronotum; surface coarsely transversely rugose. Scutellum pentagonal with transverse ridge.

Elytra subequal in width at humeri and beyond middle, lateral margins shallowly emarginate between, apices narrowly, separately rounded, minutely toothed; disk convex, each elytron with oval depression at base and narrower, almost indistinct one along suture to apical setal spots, then narrower and stronger to apex; surface transversely imbricate-punctate, more rugose at base.

Prosternum with sides of prosternal process slightly narrowing between coxae, truncate and emarginate at apex, prosternal lobe nearly transverse. Posterior coxae with posterior margin nearly straight, upper angles somewhat produced and obtusely rounded. Abdomen with suture nearly obsolete between ventrites 1 and 2, narrowly depressed along midline of ventrite1 and anterior 2/3 of ventrite 2. Hind legs with first metatarsal segment equal in length to next two combined, tarsal claws similar on all feet, cleft with short inner tooth.

Genitalia as in Figure 2 .

Allotype Female: As male except 6.10 mm long, 1.60 mm wide; entirely dark reddish-coppery, setae on front, prosternum and along midline of metasternum sparse and appressed; abdominal ventrites 1–2 convex, without medial depression or line of setae.

Males from the type series from New Mexico and Arizona measure 3.70–6.10 mm long (mean = 5.38 mm for 51 specimens), and females measure 4.50–6.70 mm long (mean = 5.66 mm for 41 specimens) .

Holotype: Arizona: [Pima Co.,] Mt. Lemmon , 23.08.1937, Drake & Andre ( USNM) . Allotype: Arizona: [Pima Co.,] Mt. Lemon, Santa Car. Mts. , 22.08.1934, C.J. Drake ( USNM) . Paratypes: Arizona: Catal [ina?] Spgs , 10.4, Hubbard & Schwarz, in Parkinsonia microphylla (1F, USNM) , 11.4, Hubbard & Schwarz, on Parkinsonia microphylla (1F, USNM) ; Cochise Co., SW Cochise Co., 6 mi W of Montezuma Pass, (±5500’), Bear Crk. , 21.08.1992, A.&N. McF., on Mimosa dysocarpa (1M, 3F, WFBM) ; Huachuca Mts. , 6.8 mi W Montezuma Pass, 06.08.1978, D.S. Verity, on Acacia (1M, DSVC) ; Parker Lake , 05.08.1978, D.S. Verity, on Acacia angustissima (2M, DSVC) ; 2 mi E Coronado National Memorial , 07.08.1978, D.S. Verity, Calliandra (1M, 3F, DSVC) ; 2 mi NW Portal , 20.08.1970, D.S. Verity (1M, DSVC) ; 5.4 mi E Dragoon , 02.05.1993, D.S. Verity, Prosopis (1F, DSVC) ; Copper Canyon , 10.08.2001, J. & J. Davidson (2M, CLBC) ; Pinery Cyn. , 1.6 mi E State 181 on 42, 02.09.1976, F.G. Andrews, ex Calliandra humilius (1M, 1F, CSCA) ; “D” Hill 2 mi NE Douglas, 16.08.1978, M. Wasbauer, J. Slansky (2F, CSCA) ; Paradise Rd. , 1 mi W Portal, 4900’, 31°55’N 109°9–10’W, 06.06.1983, H.A. Hespenheide, on Prosopis juliflora (Sw.) DC (3M, CHAH) ; 2 mi ESE Portal , 4500’, 31°54’N 109°6’W, 18.05.1985, H.A. Hespenheide (1F, CHAH) ; Cave Ck. Cyn., Chiricahua Mts., Sunny Flat , 5100’, 31°53’N 109°10’W, 28.08.1980, H.A. Hespenheide, Prosopis (1M, CHAH) ; Maricopa Co., 5 mi N Sunflower , 17.07.1967, W.F. Barr, on Mimosa biuncifera (1M, WFBM) , 21.06.1985, W.F. Barr, beating Mimosa (1F, WFBM) ; Pima Co., same data as allotype, (1M, USNM) ; same data as holotype, 23.08.1937, Drake & Andre (2M, USNM; 1M, WFBC); Tucson, Sabino Canyon , 16.05.1953, A.&H. Dietrich (2M, DSVC) ; Tucson, Houghton Rd. at Agua Caliente Wash , 20.04.1990, W.F. Barr, beat Prosopis (1M, WFBC) ; Baboquivari Cyn., Baboquivari Mts. , 16.08.1988, W.F. Barr, beating Acacia greggii (1M, 1F, WFBM) ; Baboquivari Mts., 20.08.1937, Drake & Andre (3F, USNM; 1F, WFBM); Santa Rita Mts., Box , Cyn. , 5000’, 20.08.1937, C.D. Johnson (1M, WFBM), 1700m, 03.08.1996, M.W. Gates G96/045 (1F, USNM) ; Madera Cn. , 27.08.1964, G. Walters, beating mimosa (1M, CHAH) ; 17 mi E Sells , 05.05.1963, D.S. Verity, Prosopis juliflora (1M, DSVC) ; Brown Canyon, Baboquivari Mts. , 01– 02.09.1957, D.S. Verity (1M, DSVC) ; Ariz., Pinal CO. ,7–1/ 2 mi SE Oracle, 01.06.1973, D.G. Marqua (1 F, DSVC) ; Santa Cruz Co., Patagonia , 23.08.1937, Drake & Andre (1F, WFBM) ; 1 mi W White Rock Camp , 13.08.1989, W.F. Barr, beat Prosopis (7M, 4F WFBM) , 04.08.1990, W.F. Barr, beat Prosopis (5M, WFBM) ; Montosa Cyn. , 14 km E Amado, 04.08.1989, W.F. Barr (1M, 2F, WFBM) , 13 km E Amado , 21.04.1990, W.F. Barr (1M, 2F, WFBM) , 2 mi W Pena Blanca L., 23.07.1987, W.F. Barr, on mesquite (1F, WFBM) ; 1 mi S Pena Blanca Lake , 4000’, 19.05.1983, R. Anderson, oak grasssland (1M, RLWE) ; 12 mi N Sonoita , 26.07.1984, W.F. Barr, on mesquite (1F, WFBC) , Nogales , 17.08.1906, Schffr (1M, USNM) , 26.08.1933 (1M, 2F, WFBM) , 17.08.1906, F.W. Nunenmacher (1F, WFBM) , 23.08.1937, Drake & Andre (1F, WFBM) ; Sycamore Canyon , 9 mi W Pena Blanca Lake, 4100’, 12.08.1983, R. Anderson, oak savan. (1M, RLWE) . New Mexico: Dona Ana Co, Aguirre sprgs RA, 5600’, 26– 27.08.1997, Wappes & Turnbow (1F, USNM) ; Hidalgo Co., Peloncillo Mt , 16.08.1968, V. Roth (1F, U. Idaho) ; 1 mi N Rodeo , 24.07.1989, T. Eichlin & F. Andrews, reared from Hoffmanseggia (1M, 1F, CSCA) ; 2 mi S Animas , 4.08.1994, F. Andrews & T. Eichlin (1M, CSCA) ; 12.2 mi W Animas , 29.07.19987, F. Andrews & T. Eichlin, ex Prosopis juliflora (1F, CSCA) ; 4 km NNW Rodeo , 4130’, 31°52’N 109°03’W, 06.06.1983, H.A. Hespenheide, mesquite (1M, CHAH) ; 30 mi S Animas , 19.08.1980, H.A. Hespenheide (2M, CHAH) .

Additional specimens examined. California: Imperial Co., Algodones Dunes 2 mi SW Cactus, 32°50’00”N 114°54’48”W, Site 5, 12.04.1979, collected on Olneya tesota (2F, CSCA); Riverside Co., Palm Sprs., 22, 23.06.1957, R.L. Westcott, collected on mesquite (1F, RLWE); Pinyon Flat, 12.06.1965, D.S. Verity (1M, DSVC); Santa Rosa Mts., Hwy 74, alt 2000’, 22.06.1968, D.S. Verity, Acacia greggii (1F, DSVC). Honduras: El Par, El Zamora, 25.071977, C.W.&L.O’Brien & Marshall (1F, CLBC). Mexico: Nogales 71328, Ise bunker, 51-3289, 3.04.1951 (1M, USNM); at Nogales, 1.03.1967, C.H. Spitzer, w. Capsicum sp. (bell pepper), 67-6344 (1F, USNM); Baja California, Bahia de Los Angeles, 19.06.1968, N. Leppla et al. (2M, WFBC); Parador Punta Prieta, 24.06.1979, D.S. Verity, Prosopis juliflora (5M, 2F, DSVC); 3 mi S San Augostin, 25.06.1980, D.S. Verity, on Prosopis (1F, DSVC). Baja California Norte, 31.7 mi WNW Bahia de Los Angeles, 12.07.1979, Hardy, Andrews & Giuliani, collected on Prosopis juliflora (1M, CSCA); vic. “km 103,” E El Rosario, 25.04.1985, R.L. Westcott (1M, RLWE); 3 mi SSW Desengano, 24.04.1985, R.L. Westcott, beating mesquite, Prosopis glandulosa var. torreyana (23M, 24F, RLWE); San Matias Pass, Hwy. 3, km. 149, 27.06.1983, R.L. Westcott, Eriogonum fasciculatum var. polifolium (1M, RLWE); N., Faro de San Jose Rd. 27 km (air) WSW Catavina, 365m, 29.34.13 N 115.54 .53 W, 19.03.1999, R.L. Westcott, beating mesquite(4M, RLWE); vic. Las Arrastas, 425m ,, 25.05.1989, R.L. Westcott (1M, RLWE); 17 mi E Valle de Trinidad, 700m, 02– 03.07.1975, R.L. Westcott (1F, RLWE); San Matias Pass, Hwy 3, km 149, 27.06.1983, D.S. Verity, Prosopis juliflora (2F, DSVC); 14 km S Rosarito, 28°31’41”N 114°02’14”W, 8/ 12.07.1988, C.L. Bellamy, beating Prosopis glandulosa var. torreyana (1F, CLBC); 31.7 mi WNW Bahia de Los Angeles, 12.07.1979, Hardy, Andrews& Giuliani, collected on Prosopis juliflora (4M, CSCA); 13 mi W San Felipe, 01.04.1993, F. Andrews, A. Gilbert (1M, CSCA); 2.6 mi SE Catavina, 23.03.1981, D. Faulkner, F. Andrews, collected on Calliandra californica (1M, CSCA); 16 mi N Puertecitos, 650’, 30.03.1993, F. Andrews, A. Gilbert (1M, CSCA); Baja California Sur, Bahia Concepción, vic. El Requesón, 09.07.1988, em 25.08.1988, R.L. Westcott, reared ex Ditaxis b. brandegeei (1M, RLWE); Bahia Concepción, 40km along Hwy. 1, 23.05.1989, em 22.06.1989 – 27.02.1990, R.L. Westcott, reared ex wood Ditaxis brandegeei (5M, 5F, RLWE); Ramal Los Naranjos, km 12–14, 490– 610m, 23°17’N 109°51’W, 02.10.1987, R.L. Westcott (1F, RLWE); 7 mi S Loreto, 25°55’N, 20.05.1989, R.L. Westcott (1M, RLWE); 1 mi NE La Burrera, 500m, 23°30’38”N 110°02’40”W, 05/ 06.10.1987, R.L. Westcott & A.D. Mudge, on living twigs & small limbs of Acacia farnesiana (1M, RLWE); 31–32 km W La Paz, 23/ 24.07.1977, Dozier & Westcott, beating Prosopis glandulosa var. torreyana (11M, 2F, RLWE); 33 km W La Paz, 24.07.1977, Dozier & Westcott, beating Prosopis glandulosa var. torreyana (4M, 2F, RLWE); 3 mi S San Pedro, 23.07.1977, R.L. Westcott, beating mesquite, Prosopis glandulosa var. torreyana (2M, 1F, RLWE); 1 mi N, 6 mi W San Jose del Cabo, 400m, 15/ 16.10.1978, Dozier & Westcott, on Acacia (1F, RLWE); Hwy. 1, 7–1/ 2 km SW Tropic of Cancer, 215m, 17.10.1978, Dozier & Westcott (1M, 4F, RLWE); 3 km E La Burrera, 515m, 02/ 03.09.1977, Fisher & Westcott (1F, RLWE); 1 km SW La Burrera, 470m, 27.08.1977, Fisher & Westcott (1M, RLWE); 6/ 7 mi NW San Jose del Cabo, 13–1400’, 21/ 22.09.1976, R.L. Westcott, Mimosa xantii , celosa (4M, 1F, RLWE); 2 mi E El Triunfo, 1700’, 17.09.1976, R.L. Westcott, beating Prosopis sp. (2M, RLWE), D.S. Verity, Prosopis (1F, DSVC); 4–1/ 2 mi SW Miraflores, 1200’, 20.09.1976, R.L. Westcott (1M, RLWE); 31.8 km W La Paz, 22.04.1985, R.L. Westcott (20M, 7F, RLWE); 3.3 mi S Col. Calles, 17.04.1985, R.L. Westcott (1M, RLWE); 8 mi S Pescadero, 16, 17.04.1985, R.L. Westcott (1M, 1F, RLWE); 3–1/ 2 mi SE Rancho Buena Vista (110°), 1300’, 18.04.1985, R.L. Westcott (1M, 1F, RLWE); 6–7 mi NW San Jose del Cabo, 13–1400’, 21– 22.09.1976, D.S. Verity, Mimosa xantii (1M, 3F, DSVC); 36 km S Mulegé, 11.08.1992, H.&A. Howden (1M, CMNC); 57 km SW Loreto (jct Rd. to Agua Verde), 360m, 12.08.1992, H.&A. Howden (2M, CMNC); Ramal Naranjos Rd., 7.3 mi W Hwy 1, 1500’, 01.09.1990, F. Andrews, T. Eichlin, A. Gilbert (3M, CSCA); Ramal Naranjos Rd., 2.9 mi W Hwy 1, 650’, 01.09.1990, F. Andrews, T. Eichlin, A. Gilbert (1F, CSCA); Ramal de Naranjas 6 mi W Hwy 1 nr Santa Anita, 10.10.1983, F. Andrews, D. Faulkner (1F, CSCA); 7.4 mi E Hwy 19, nr El Mezquitillo, 1000’, 03.09.1990, F. Andrews, T. Eichlin, A. Gilbert (2M, CSCA); 36.6 mi SE Todos Santos, 10.10.1983, Faulkner & Andrews (1M, 2F, CSCA); 12.2 mi SE San Perdito near Rancho Saucito, 08.10.1983, F. Andrews, D. Faulkner (1F, CSCA); 7 mi E San Ignacio, 23.09.1981, F. Andrews, D. Faulkner (1M, CSCA); 29.5 mi S Loreto, 25.09.1981, F. Andrews, D. Faulkner (1F, CSCA); San Bartolo, 03.10.1981, F. Andrews, D. Faulkner (1M, CSCA); 8.7 mi N Santa Anita, 650’, 05.09.1990, F. Andrews, T. Eichlin, A. Gilbert (1F, CSCA); 14 mi N Cabo San Lucas nr San Ramon, 1200’, 04.09.1990, F. Andrews, T. Eichlin, A. Gilbert (1F, CSCA); 6.4 mi SE San Perdito, 09.10.1981, F. Andrews, D. Faulkner (1F, CSCA); 14 mi N Todos Santos, 04.10.1981, F. Andrews, D. Faulkner (1M, CSCA); Guerrero., 4.7 km WSW Xochipala, NNW Chilpancingo, 1310 m, 11.10.1989, R.L. Westcott, collected from Acacia sp. (1M, RLWE); 8 mi N Iguala, 23.08.1958, R.B. Selander (1F, DSVC); vic. Ahuacatitlan, 1540m, 18°21.745’N 99°48.922’W, 21.07.2003, C.L. Bellamy, CLB856, misc. beating (1M, CLBC); 3 km SE Xalitla, 610m, N18.00 W98.24, 16.07.1992, C.L. Bellamy (2M, 1F, CLBC); Carr. Iguala-Taxco, 1133m, 18°25’30”N 99°36’06”W, 08.07.2005, H. Brailovsky, E. Barrera (1M, UNAM); Michoacán, 30.3 km N Arteaga, 945m, 31.07.1988, R.S. Anderson,, Acacia woodland (1M, RLWE); Morelos, El Limon, Sierra de Huautla, 610m, 18.32N - 98.57W, 11.07.1996, C.L. Bellamy No.577 (1[sex?], CLBC); 13 mi E Cuernavaca, 12.05.1983, C.W. O’Brien (1M, CLBC); vic. Contlalco above Rio Amacuzac, 1050m, N18.39 W99.27 W, 16.07.1999, C.L. Bellamy, CLB712 (1F, CLBC); Oaxaca, 10 km NNE Huajuapan de Leon, 27.10.1990, R.L. Westcott, collected from Acacia (14, RLWE); 10 km S S.Fco Huapanapan, 29.10, 01.11.1990, C.L. Bellamy (1F, CLBC); 2.5 km S S.Fco Huapanapan, 1830m, 18.06N 97.40W, 29.10.1990, C.L. Bellamy (1F, CLBC); 4 km SE Totolapan, Hwy 190, 915m, N16°40’06” W96°16’28”, 18.07.2003, C.L. Bellamy, CLB845, misc. beating (1M, CLBC); 5 km N Tezoatlan, 1625m, 06.07.1992, C.L. Bellamy (1F, CLBC); 8 mi SE Tecomavaca, Hwy 131, 1500’, 31.08.1982, C.&L. O’Brien & G. Wibmer (1F, CLBC); 4 km W Tamazulapan, 27.10.1990, C.L. Bellamy, beating Prosopis (2M, 3F, CLBC); 3 km N Cacaloxtepec, 06.07.1992, C.L. Bellamy (1F, CLBC); 6 km SW Cacaloxtepec, 1725m, 17.40N 97.46W, 28.10.1990, C.L. Bellamy (4M, 2F, CLBC); 7 km SW Cacaloxtepec, 1725m, N17.46 “E” 97.46W, 06.07.1992, C.L. Bellamy (3M, 2F, CLBC); 10 km NNW Huajuapan de Leon, Hwy 190, 02.11.1990, C.L. Bellamy (2M, 1F, CLBC); 3–5 km N Huajuapan de Leon, 1770m, 28.10, 01.11.1990, C.L. Bellamy (1F, CLBC); 6 km SE Huajuapan de Leon, 27,28.10, 01.11.1990, C.L. Bellamy (2M, 7F, CLBC); 0.5 km NE Cacaloxtepec, 5484ft gps, N17°44’29” W97°46’36”, 15.10.2004, C.L. Bellamy, CLB889, beating white-thorn legume trees (1F, CLBC); Puebla, Puerto del Gato, 11.5 km NW Tehuitzingo, 1220 m, 13.10.1989, R.L. Westcott, collected from Acacia sp. (1F, RLWE); 2.7 km N Chietla, 1200 m, 18°30 98°30, 12.10.1989, R.L. Westcott (2M, RLWE); 2.7 km NW Petlalcingo, 1570m, 18°04’N 97°58’W, 07.07.2003, 1990, R.L. Westcott (1F, RLWE); near Puebla, 06.07.1959, D.S. Verity (1M, DSVC); 6 km SW San Bartolo Teontepec, 1890m, 18.29N 97.34W, 14.07.1999, C.L. Bellamy, CLB710 (1F, CLBC); 6 km N Las Cidras, Hwy 190, 08.09.1985, W. Opitz (2F, CLBC); 7 km SSE Acatlan, 1280m, 05.07.1992, C.L. Bellamy (2M, 7F, CLBC); 14 mi SE Petlalcingo, 5800’, 01.06.1974, O’Briens & Marshall (2M, CLBC); 3 km N Calipan, 1890m, 18.17N 97.11W, 30.10.1990, C.L. Bellamy (1M, 1F CLBC); 2.7 km NW Petlalcingo, 1500m, 18°05’49”N 97°56’49”W, 20.07.2003, C.L. Bellamy, CLB852, misc. beating legume trees (2M, 2F, CLBC), 2.7 km NW Petlalcingo,Hwy 190, 4860 ft gps 18°05’52”N 97°56’45”W, 20.10.2006, 1990, C.L. Bellamy, CLB985, beating misc. Acacia spp. (1F, CLBC); Puerto del Gato, 12 km NW Tehuitzingo, N18°23’29” W98°20’01”, 14.10.2004, C.L. Bellamy, CLB886, beating Acacia sp. (4M, 1F, CLBC); 11 km SE Izucar de Matamoros, Hwy 190, (Microondas Xuchapa road), 1390 m, N18°31’20” W98°24’38”, 14.10.2004, C.L. Bellamy, CLB884, beating Acacia sp. (2M, CLBC); 4 km SSE Chila, 1770 m, 17°57’ 98°07’, 05.07.1992, R.L. Westcott (1M, RLWE); 6 km W Teontepec, 1865 msm, 18.28.34N 97.34.30W, 26.06.1997, J. Romero Napoles (1M, CEAM); Sinaloa, Mazatlan vic. 8.5 km SW Noria, 600’, 02.12.1989, Rifkind, Gum, Williams (1M, WFBC); 7 mi S Culiacan, 23.08.1960, R.L. Westcott (1F, RLWE); 20 mi S Culiacan, 22.07.1965, D.S. Verity (1M, DSVC); 5.3 mi SW Soquitlan, 30.06.1982, F.G. Andrews (3M, 2F, CSCA); Sonora, 2 mi E Alamos, 24.08.1959, R.L. Westcott (1M, RLWE); 8 mi S Nogales, 14.08.1973, D.S. Verity (1F, DSVC); 20–31 km N Alamos, 380–420m, 08.08.1992, J. Rifkind (3F, CLBC); 18 km E Navojoa, 284m, 08.08.1992, J. Rifkind (2F, CLBC); San Carlos, 16.07.1983, E. Fisher, mal. trap (1F, CSCA); near Benjamin Hill, 06.1968, M.J. Wargo, F.G. Andrews, J.W. Smith (1M, CSCA). Costa Rica: Guanacaste Pr., 6 mi S, 6 mi W Cañas, Taboga, 10 o 19’ N 85 o 09’ W, 06, 11.02.1967, H.A. Hespenheide, Mimosa (1M, 2F, CHAH), 06, 08.02.1967, H.A. Hespenheide, Inga sp. (4M, 1F, CHAH), 07, 08.02.1967, H.A. Hespenheide, Mimosa albida (1M, 3F, CHAH), 11.02.1967, H.A. Hespenheide, Pithecellobium dulce

(1M, 3F, CHAH).

Note: Over the years, many additional specimens of A. paraimpexus have been seen and annotated by me as “ A. impexus .” I have included here only material seen in the last two years.

Distribution. As treated here, from southwestern New Mexico to Southern California, south through western México, including Baja California, to Costa Rica (see also record in Hespenheide 1989, Westcott et al. 1990).

Hosts. Adults of this species have been collected on a variety of mimosaceous shrubs - Inga sp. , mesquite ( Prosopis spp. , including P. glandulosa var. torreyana (L.D. Benson) M.C. Johnst. and P. juliflora (Sw.) DC ), Mimosa albida Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd. , M. biuncifera Benth. , M. dysocarpa Benth. , M. xantii Gray , Acacia angustissima (Mill.) Kuntze , A. farnesiana (L.) Willd., A. greggii Gray , Calliandra californica Benth. , C. humilius Benth. , Pithecellobium dulce (Roxb.) Benth. - and Olneya tesota Gray ( Fabaceae , s.str.) Cercidium (“ Parkinsonia ”) microphyllum (Torr.) Rose & Standl. (Caesalpinacae). Specimens included here as A. paraimpexus have been reared from tubers of the caesalpinoid legume Hoffmanseggia jamesii Torrey & Gray in extreme southwestern New Mexico (Eichlin & Andrews; Fred Andrews, personal communication) and from twigs of Ditaxis b. brandegei (Millsp.) Rose & Standl. ( Euphorbiaceae ) in Baja California (Westcott) - see below.

Etymology. This species is named for its similarity to and confusion with Agrilus impexus .

Discussion. Because of the distinct elytral spots, this species keys to Agrilus impexus in couplet 104 of Fisher’s (1928) monograph, and, as noted above, specimens from Arizona were included by him under that name although they were smaller (4.9 and 5.3 mm) than the size range given for A. impexus (“ 6.5–7.5 mm ”). In addition to size and coloration, discussed under A. impexus , A. impexus has stronger and more elongate medial and posterior elytral spots, a more convex anterior portion of the pronotum, and prehumeral carinae which are stronger, straighter, and diverge less from the marginal carinae of the pronotum. Overall, those two species differ considerably more than do A. paraimpexus and A. addendus . In A. addendus the elongate medial elytral spot is typically more conspicuous than the posterior spot (the opposite of many A. paraimpexus ), and is often joined to the basal spot, although frequently all of the elytral spots are indistinct. In general, the elytral spots of setae are more distinct and conspicuous on females than on males. As Fisher (1928) noted in his key, A. addendus typically lacks a medial depression on the pronotum, which is like that of A. impexus in being more convex on the anterior portion. The genitalia of all three species are very similar to one another ( Figures 1–3 ), as well as to those of the closely-related A. illectus Fall. There is some variation in the form of the genitalia in all three species, but those of A. paraimpexus are typically distinct in having the apices of the parameres apically truncate rather than rounded. Overall, A. paraimpexus and A. addendus appear to be closely related allopatric species with A. addendus occurring in Texas and eastern México and A. paraimpexus occurring along the Pacific side of Central America and México into the southwestern U.S. Because of variation over the extensive range of A. paraimpexus , especially in Baja California, and the relatively small differences between A. paraimpexus and A. addendus , only specimens from New Mexico and Arizona are designated types of A. paraimpexus .

Figures

FIGURES 1–5. 1–3, Genitalia of male Agrilus: 1. A. impexus (New Mexico, Jemez Springs, CASC); 2. A. paraimpexus (Holotype); 3. A. addendus (Texas, Rocksprings, CHAH), scale bar indicates 1.0 mm; 4–5, Agrilus funestus Chevrolat: 4. dorsal habitus and lateral habitus (Texas specimen), scale bar indicates 2.0 mm; 5. genitalia of male (specimen from Mexico, Chiapas, 2 mi NNW Pueblo Nuevo, LLU Biol. Sta., 12.07.1965, G.H. Nelson, FSCA), scale bar indicates 1.0 mm.