Prochyliza

Martín-Vega, Daniel, 2014, On the identity of Prochyliza nigrimana (Meigen) and Prochyliza nigricornis (Meigen) (Diptera: Piophilidae), with a synopsis of Prochyliza Walker and description of a new species, Zootaxa 3893 (2), pp. 277-292 : 283

Key to the species of Prochyliza

1. Pedicel unusually elongate, in male twice ( Fig. 4 A), in female equally ( Fig. 4 B), as long as flagellomere (Nearctic).......................................................................................... P. xanthostoma Walker

- Pedicel normal, not or scarcely half as long as flagellomere in either sex ( Fig. 4 C, D)............................... 2

2. Lower quarter to three quarters of frons orange, higher part shining black ( Fig. 5 A–C).............................. 3

- Frons light orange to brownish black, but always uniformly coloured from lunula beyond anterior ocellus ( Fig. 1 B, D).... 7

3. Front coxa pale yellow ( Fig. 5 A)........................................................................ 4

- Front coxa brownish black ( Fig. 5 B, C)................................................................... 6

4. Gena yellow, lower two- to three quarters of frons orange ( Fig. 5 B). Mid femur and tibia yellow. Hind femur and tibia partially darkened. Males with posterior margin of sternite 5 straight. Male epandrium without a pair of distinct horn-like spines arising on lower half of posterior margin (Nearctic)............................................. P. brevicornis Melander

- Gena black, only lower quarter or less of frons orange ( Fig. 5 C). Both mid and hind femora and tibiae either yellow or black. Males with posterior margin of sternite 5 strongly emarginated (unknown in P. a z t e c a). Male epandrium with a pair of distinct horn-like spines ( Fig. 5 D) arising on lower half of posterior margin (unknown in P. azteca )........................... 5

5. Mid and hind femora and tibiae entirely yellow. Margins and fringes of calypteres white (Neotropical)... P. a z t e c a McAlpine

- Mid and hind femora and tibiae mostly black. Margins and fringes of calypteres brownish (Neotropical)... P. i n c a McAlpine

6. Mid and hind tibiae entirely yellow. Anepimeron pruinose along ventral margin above katepisternal seta. Mid tibia and hind coxa of male not ornamented (Nearctic).......................................... P. nigricoxa (Melander & Spuler)

- Mid and hind tibiae mostly blackish. Anepimeron glossy on ventral margin above katepisternal seta. Tibia of male with a brush of long, yellowish hairs at apex on posteroventral surface ( Fig. 5 E). Hind coxa with a comb of short, stout setae (Holarctic)...................................................................................... P. lundbecki (Duda)

7. Front coxa entirely yellow to almost completely darkened ( Fig. 1 A, B; Fig. 4 D). Mid and hind legs entirely yellow ( Fig. 1 A); some individuals with mid and hind femora and tibae more or less darkened ( Fig. 1 B). Male and female abdominal sternites with rounded margins ( Fig. 2 A, B; Fig. 3 B, D); in males the anterior margins are usually emarginated and the posterior margin of sternite 5 is sinuate ( Fig. 2 A, B) (Holarctic and Neotropical)............................... P. nigrimana (Meigen)

- Front coxa completely darkened ( Fig. 4 C). Legs darkened ( Fig. 6 A, B). Male and female abdominal sternites quadrangular, with straight margins, including the posterior margin of sternite 5 ( Fig. 2 D, E; Fig. 3 A, C), only the anterior margin of sternite 2 is emarginated ( Fig. 6 B) (Palaearctic)................................................ P. georgekaplani sp. nov.

Figures

FIGURE 1. Type specimens of Prochyliza nigrimana (Meigen) and Prochyliza nigricornis (Meigen): (A) P. nigrimana, female holotype (MNHN-ED 3083), lateral view; (B) P. nigrimana, female holotype (MNHN-ED 3083), dorsofrontal view; (C) P. nigricornis, male holotype (MNHN-ED 3082), lateroventral view, highlighting the front coxae; (D) P. nigricornis, male holotype (MNHN-ED 3082), dorsofrontal view.

FIGURE 2. Male abdomen and genitalia of Prochyliza nigrimana (Meigen), Prochyliza georgekaplani sp. nov., and Prochyliza nigricoxa (Melander & Spuler): (A) P. nigrimana, male abdomen, ventral view; (B) P. nigrimana, male sternites 5 – 8, ventral view; (C) P. nigrimana, male genitalia, lateral view; (D) P. georgekaplani, male abdomen, ventral view; (E) P. georgekaplani, male sternites 5 – 8; (F) P. georgekaplani, male genitalia, lateral view; (G) P. nigricoxa, male sternites 5 – 8 after Steyskal (1968). Abbreviations: ej apod = ejaculatory apodeme; ep = epandrium; ha = hypandrial arms; hypd = hypandrium; peg = peg-like process; ph = phallus; prgt = pregonite; s 5 – s 8 = sternites 5 to 8.

FIGURE 3. Female abdomen of Prochyliza georgekaplani sp. nov. and Prochyliza nigrimana (Meigen): (A) P. georgekaplani, female abdomen, ventral view; (B) P. georgekaplani, female sternites 4 – 6, ventral view; (C) P. nigrimana, female abdomen, ventral view; (D) P. nigrimana, female sternites 4 – 6, ventral view. Abbreviations: s 4 – s 6 = sternites 4 to 6.

FIGURE 4. Head of Prochyliza xanthostoma Walker, Prochyliza georgekaplani sp. nov. and Prochyliza nigrimana (Meigen). (A) P. xanthostoma, male head, lateral view; (B) P. xanthostoma, female head, lateral view; (C) P. georgekaplani, male head, lateral view; (D) P. nigrimana, female head, lateral view.

FIGURE 5. Prochyliza nigricoxa (Melander & Spuler), Prochyliza brevicornis Melander, Prochyliza azteca McAlpine, Prochyliza inca McAlpine and Prochyliza lundbecki (Duda). (A) P. nigricoxa, male head, lateral view; (B) P. brevicornis, male head, laterofrontal view; (C) P. azteca, female head, lateraofrontal view; (D) P. i nc a, male epandrium, laterodorsal view, sp = spines on the epandrium; (E) P. lundbecki, male mid tibia, highlighting the posteroventral brush of yellowish hairs.

FIGURE 6. Habitus of Prochyliza georgekaplani sp. nov., male holotype (MNCN _ Ent 113319): (A) dorsal view; (B) ventral view.