Cycloseris Milne Edwards & Haime, 1849

Hoeksema, Bert W., 2014, The " Fungia patella group " (Scleractinia, Fungiidae) revisited with a description of the mini mushroom coral Cycloseris boschmai sp. n., ZooKeys 371, pp. 57-84 : 61-62

Genus Cycloseris Milne Edwards & Haime, 1849

Type species.

Fungia cyclolites Lamarck 1816. Designation by monotypy.

Synonymy.

Cycloseris Milne Edwards and Haime 1849: 72; Milne Edwards and Haime 1850: xlix; Milne Edwards and Haime 1851: 111-112; Milne Edwards 1860: 49; Tenison-Woods 1878: 328; Duncan 1883: 149-150; Quelch 1886: 119-120; Gardiner 1899: 171; Gardiner 1905: 944; Vaughan and Wells 1943: 139; Wells 1956: 388; Wells 1966: 235-236; Veron and Pichon 1980: 107-108; Ditlev 1980: 54; Nemenzo 1981: 182; Scheer and Pillai 1983: 74; Nemenzo 1986: 140; Pillai 1986: 153; Veron 1986: 320-321; Chevalier and Beauvais 1987: 710; Veron 1992: 123; Veron 1993: 199; Latypov 1995: 88; Nishihira and Veron 1995: 234; Veron 2000: 236; Suharsono 2004: 191; Claereboudt 2006: 187; Latypov 2006: 178; Suharsono 2008: 215; Wallace et al. 2009: 46.

Diaseris Milne Edwards and Haime 1849: 72; Milne Edwards and Haime 1850: xlix; Milne Edwards and Haime 1851: 117; Milne Edwards 1860: 54-55; Duncan 1883: 150; Gardiner 1905: 945; Veron and Pichon 1980: 119-121; Veron 1986: 326-327; Veron 1992: 127; Veron 1993: 205; Latypov 1995: 95; Nishihira and Veron 1995: 239; Veron 2000: 248; Suharsono 2004: 197; Claereboudt 2006: 190; Latypov 2006: 185; Suharsono 2008: 222. (Type species: Fungia distorta Michelin, 1842. Designation by monotypy.

Fungia (Cycloseris) - Hoeksema 1989: 30-31; Hoeksema and Van Ofwegen 2004.

Characters.

Adult corals either encrusting and polystomatous or free-living and monostomatous ( Gittenberger et al. 2011, Benzoni et al. 2012). Outline of free-living, unfragmented specimens varying from circular to oval. Juveniles may be hexagonal. Free-living corals may fracture repeatedly into regenerating wedge-shaped pieces ( Hoeksema 1989, Yamashiro et al. 1989, Yamashiro and Nishihira 1994, 1998, Hoeksema and Waheed 2011, 2012). Fragmenting corals may produce extra stomata along fracture lines. Corallum wall without perforations. Septal margins ornamented by fine, sharp dentations. Costae covered by fine spiny protuberances, which may become granular and blunt in large specimens. Tentacles small and usually translucent in extended state.