Agaporomorphus tortus, Miller, 2020

Miller, Kelly B., 2020, Two new species of Agaporomorphus Guignot from Suriname (Coleoptera, Adephaga, Dytiscidae, Copelatinae), ZooKeys 923, pp. 51-63 : 51

Agaporomorphus tortus sp. nov. Figures 4-6 , 16 , 17 , 24 , 26

Type locality.

Suriname, Sipaliwini District, Sipaliwini Savannah Nature Reserve, Four Brothers Mountains, 2°00.656'N, 55°59.070'W, 275 m.

Diagnosis.

This species is in the A. dolichodactylus species group which lacks characteristics of other species groups such as expanded male antennomeres, setae on the dorsal surface of the male median lobe, or stridulatory structures or triangular processes on the abdomen ( Miller 2005). Like certain other members of the A. dolichodactylus species group, A. tortus has similar male genitalia (Figs 4 - 15 ) including an elongate process on the basal, dorsal surface of the male median lobe (Fig. 4 ), a lobe at the end of male mesotarsomere V (Figs 16 , 17 ), and elongate and somewhat sinuate male mesotarsal claws (Figs 16 , 17 ). From other species in the group this species differs in the shape of the male median lobe which is deeply asymmetrically emarginate apically in ventral aspect (Fig. 5 ) and with other distinctive shapes (Figs 4 , 5 ).

Description.

Measurements (N = 3). TL = 3.0-3.2 mm, GW = 1.5 mm, PW = 1.2-1.3 mm, HW = 0.8-0.9 mm, EW = 0.5 mm, FL = 0.7-0.8 mm, FW = 0.2-0.3 mm, TL/GW = 2.0-2.2, HW/EW = 1.6-1.7, FL/FW = 2.9-3.6. Body shape elongate oval, evenly and shallowly curved along lateral margins, curvature continuous between pronotum and elytron.

Coloration. Head, pronotum and elytron orange, similar in coloration throughout dorsal surface. Ventral surface orange, similar in coloration throughout but legs slightly lighter in color.

Sculpture and structure. Head shiny, very finely microreticulate comprised of small isodiametric cells; eyes moderately large (HW/EW = 1.6-1.7). Pronotum shiny, similar microreticulation to head; lateral margin slightly curved, extremely finely beaded, bead absent at anterior angle. Elytron with lateral margin shallowly curved; surface shiny, microreticulation extremely fine, apical half with numerous extremely fine punctures. Prosternum elongate, carinate, prosternal process short, strongly carinate medially. Metaventer and metaventral wings smooth and shiny, with very dense, fine microreticulation. Metacoxa smooth and shiny, similar in microsculpture to metaventer; metacoxal lines distinct, region between metacoxal lines narrow medially; metafemur not unusually broadened (FL/FW = 2.9-3.6).

Male genitalia. Median lobe complex in shape, asymmetrical; in lateral aspect narrow basally, broadened apically, apically broadly truncate with medial small lobe extending beyond truncation (Fig. 4 ); in ventral aspect broad apically, with complex arrangement of lobes and flanges, apicomedially with large, asymmetrical excavation between surfaces and distinctive deep apical emargination on left side of middle (Fig. 5 ); lateral lobe in lateral aspect robust basally, apically slender, with long, slender apical lobe, with long series of setae along dorsal margin (Fig. 6 ).

Sexual dimorphism. Males protarsomeres I-III distinctly broader than in females with four large adhesive setae; females without expansion or adhesive setae. Male mesotarsomeres I-III broader than in females, not as strongly expanded as male protarsomeres I-III, male mesotarsomeres with four large ventral adhesives setae; apex of mesotarsomere V extended into small lobe on posterior margin of apex (Figs 16 , 17 ), mesotarsal claws of male elongate, slightly sinuate (Figs 16 , 17 ); females without these mesoleg modifications.

Variation. There is some minor variation in intensity of coloration of the dorsal surface between specimens but this may be because some specimens are more teneral than others.

Distribution.

This species is only known from southern Suriname (Fig. 24 ).

Habitat.

The type series was collected from "vegetated pools in savanna."

Discussion.

This species belongs to the A. dolichodactylus group of Agaporomorphus of Miller (2005), and specifically close to A. dolichodactylus and A. mecolobus (Fig. 26 , see below) based on the presence of a long lobe basally on the dorsal margin of the male median lobe (Fig. 4 ), a distinctive lobe on the apex of the male mesotarsomere V (Figs 16 , 17 ), and male mesotarsal claws long and sinuate (Figs 16 , 17 ). This is the first of the group known from northern South America (Fig. 24 ) with the other species in Brazil and Peru.

Etymology.

This species is named tortus , Latin for “twisted” for the complex shape of the male median lobe in this species (Figs 4 , 5 ).

Type material.

Holotype in NZCS, male labeled, "Suriname: Sipaliwini District Sipaliwini Savanna Nature Res. 2°00.656'N, 55°59.070'W, 275 m vegetated pools in savanna 1.iv.2017; leg. A.E.Z. Short SR17-0401-01A/ SEMC1542796 KUNHM-ENT [barcode label]/ Holotype Agaporomorphus tortus Miller, 2020 [red label with double black line border]." 2 paratypes labeled same as holotype except [ …SEMC1542807…] and [ …SEMC1516119…] and paratype label, “… Paratype Agaporomorphus tortus Miller, 2020 [blue label with black line border]."

Phylogenetic results.

The parsimony analysis resulted in two equally parsimonious trees (L = 17, CI = 82, RI = 92) (Fig. 26 ). The trees comport well with previous results ( Miller 2001; 2005; Miller and Wheeler 2008; Miller 2014) with three main clades characterized by specific distinctive synapomorphies. These correspond to the A. dolichodactylus -, A. knischi -, and A. pereirai groups of Miller (2001) with the exception of the new species A. hamatocoles (described above) which has an unresolved position in the tree because of absence of the synapomorphies shared among the other clades in the phylogeny (Fig. 26 ). The only difference between the trees is a rearrangement within the A. knischi clade (Fig. 26 ). The other new species, A. tortus , is resolved with the A. dolichodactylus clade based on presence of an elongate lobe on the dorsal base of the male median lobe (Figs 4 , 19 , 13 , shorter and broadly rounded in A. grandisinuatus , Fig. 7 ). Specimens also have long, somewhat sinuate mesotarsal claws with a distinct lobe at the apex of mesotarsomere V (Figs 16 , 17 ) (synapomorphy with A. dolichodactylus (Figs 20 , 21 ) and A. mecolobus (Figs 22 , 23 ) and a very long apical lobe on the male lateral lobe (Fig. 6 ), shared with other members of the A. dolichodactylus clade (Figs 9 , 12 , 15 ).

New records of other species of Agaporomorphus

A. colberti Miller and Wheeler (Fig. 24 ). Suriname, Sipaliwini District, 3°47.479'N, 56°08.968'W, 320m, CSNR, nr Kappel airstrip, forest pools near Petromia Falls, 13 Aug 2013, Short, Bloom and Kadosoe, legs, SR13-0813-03A (3, KUNHM; SEMC1235490, SEMC1234094, SEMC1234095); Sipaliwini District, 3°47.479'N, 56°08.968'W, 320m, CSNR, nr Kappel airstrip, forested stream and stream pools, 24 Aug 2013, Short and Bloom, legs, SR13-0824-03A (2, KUNHM; SEMC1234951, SEMC0966126); Sipaliwini Dist, 3°55.600'N, 56°11.300'W, 600m, CSNR, Tafelberg Summit, nr Augustus Cr. Camp, pond on trail into Arrowhead basin, 16 Aug 2013, Short and Bloom, legs, SR13-0816-02A (A1, KUNHM: SEMC0930616).

These are the first records of A. colberti from Suriname with previous records from Venezuela ( Miller and Wheeler 2008: fig. 24).

A. pereirai Guignot (Fig. 25 ). Suriname, Sipaliwini Dist, 3°55.600'N, 56°11.300'W, 600m, CSNR, Tafelberg Summit, nr Augustus Cr. Camp, pond on trail into Arrowhead basin, 17 Aug 2013, Short and Bloom, legs, SR13-0817-01A (1, KUNHM: SEMC0965435, SEMC0965426, SEMC0965425, SEMC0965396, SEMC0965397); Sipaliwini Dist., 2°00.526'N, 55°58.572'W, 292m, Sipaliwini Savanna Nature Res, side pools of small clearwater stream in savannah, 20 Mar 2017, Short and Baca, legs, SR17-0330-02B (2, KUNHM; SEMC1541937, SEMC1541940); Sipaliwini Dist, 3°53.942'N, 56°10.849'W, 733m, SCNR, Tafelberg Summit, nr Caiman Cr camp, forest detrital pools, 19 Aug 2013, Short and Bloom, legs, SR13-0819-02A (1, KUNHM; SEMC0966170).

Previous records of this species are from Suriname (Cottica River, Moengo, Boven: fig. 25), and Matto-Grosso and Para, Brazil ( Guignot 1957; Miller 2001).

Species list of the genus Agaporomorphus

Agaporomorphus knischi species group

A. colberti Miller & Wheeler, 2008. Venezuela, Suriname

A. julianeae Hendrich, Apenborn, Burmeister, & Balke, 2013. Peru

A. knischi Zimmermann, 1921. Brazil, Peru, Bolivia

A. sharynae Miller, 2014. Venezuela

A. silvaticus Miller, 2005. Peru

A. tambopatensis Miller, 2005. Peru

Agaporomorphus dolichodactylus species group

A. dolichodactylus Miller, 2001. Brazil, Bolivia

A. grandisinuatus Miller, 2001. Brazil, Peru

A. mecolobus Miller, 2001. Brazil

A. tortus sp. nov. Suriname

Agaporomorphus hamatocoles species group

A. hamatocoles sp. nov. Suriname

Agaporomorphus pereirai species group

A. pereirai Guignot, 1957. Brazil, Suriname

Figures

Figure 26. Two equally most parsimonious cladograms of Agaporomorphus species derived from parsimony analysis (L = 17, CI = 82, RI = 92): " alt " = alternative equally parsimonious configuration for A. knischi clade. Numbers above hatch marks refer to characters. Numbers below hatch marks refer to character state transformations. Characters mapped using " fast " or " acctran " optimization in WinClada (Nixon 2002).

Figures 1 - 6. Agaporomorphus species, male genitalia. 1 - 3 A. hamatocoles 1 male median lobe, right lateral aspect 2 male median lobe, ventral aspect 3 male right lateral lobe, right lateral aspect 4 - 6 A. tortus 4 male median lobe, right lateral aspect 5 male median lobe, ventral aspect 6 male right lateral lobe, right lateral aspect.

Figures 16 - 23. Agaporomorphus species, male mesotarsomere V and mesotarsal claws. 16, 17 A. tortus 16 anterior aspect 17 oblique lateral aspect 18, 19 A. grandisinuatus 18 anterior aspect 19 oblique lateral aspect 20, 21 A. mecolobus 20 anterior aspect 21 oblique lateral aspect 22, 23 A. dolichodactylus 22 anterior aspect 23 oblique lateral aspect.

Figures 24, 25. Known distributions of Agaporomorphus species of northern South America (A. pereirai also known from Brazil, not shown on map).

Figures 7 - 15. Agaporomorphus species, male genitalia. 7 - 9 A. grandisinuatus 7 male median lobe, right lateral aspect 8 male median lobe, ventral aspect 9 male right lateral lobe, right lateral aspect 10 - 12 A. mecolobus 10 male median lobe, right lateral aspect 11 male median lobe, ventral aspect 12 male right lateral lobe, right lateral aspect 13 - 15 A. dolichodactylus 13 male median lobe, right lateral aspect 14 male median lobe, ventral aspect 15 male right lateral lobe, right lateral aspect.