Nocaracris rubripes (Motschulsky, 1846)

Ünal, Mustafa, 2016, Pamphagidae (Orthoptera: Acridoidea) from the Palaearctic Region: taxonomy, classification, keys to genera and a review of the tribe Nocarodeini I. Bolívar, Zootaxa 4206 (1), pp. 1-223 : 158-159

publication ID	https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4206.1.1
publication LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:pub:E1566C02-9987-4116-83AA-91D3D1DCF2FF
DOI	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5781100
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/C24587A5-FF7B-4FCF-FF50-F85C46FCFA90
treatment provided by	Plazi (2016-12-19 01:11:56, last updated 2024-11-29 09:16:23)
scientific name	Nocaracris rubripes (Motschulsky, 1846)
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Treatment

Nocaracris rubripes (Motschulsky, 1846) View in CoL comb. rev.

( Figs. 357 View FIGURES 344 – 374 , 390 View FIGURES 375 – 394 , 663–664 View FIGURES 653 – 666 , 844 View FIGURE 844 )

Eremoxenus rubripes, de Motschulsky in lit.: sensu Fischer von Waldheim 1846: 270.

Nocarodes rubripes Motschulsky : in Fischer von Waldheim 1846: 270.

Nocarodes rufipes: Fischer von Waldheim 1846: 406 , pl. 31, Fig. 3 View FIGURES 1 – 5 , misspelling of rubripes View in CoL .

Nocarodes rubripes Motsch. View in CoL : Fieber 1853: 127.

Nocarodes rufipes: Fieber 1853: 127 , as syn. of rubripes View in CoL .

Nocarodes cyanipes Fischer de Waldheim, 1846 View in CoL : Kirby 1910: 355, partim; I. Bolívar 1916: 25, partim.

Pamphagus (Nocarodes)cyanipes Fisch. W. : Stål 1876: 28, partim.

Pamphagus (Nocarodes) rubripes Fisch. W. View in CoL : Stål 1876: 28, as syn. of cyanipes .

Nocarodes rubripes Fischer de Waldheim, 1846 View in CoL : Jacobson 1905: 200, 298, sensu Bey-Bienko & Mistshenko 1951; I. Bolívar 1916: 25, as syn. of cyanipes .

Nocarodes rufipes Fischer de Waldheim, 1846 : I. Bolívar 1916: 25, as syn. of cyanipes .

Nocaracris rubripes View in CoL (F.-W.): Uvarov 1928: 150; Miram 1938: 52; Tarbinsky 1940: 34, 214, 215; Ramme 1951: 411, 427.

Nocaracris (Paranocaracris) rubripes View in CoL F.-W.: Bey-Bienko 1964: 251.

Nocaracris tibialis Ramme 1951: 279 View in CoL , 298, 427; Avakyan 1968: 100, as syn. of P. rubripes View in CoL ; Presa & Garcia 1983: 17; Otte 1994: 173. confirmed syn.

Paranocaracris rubripes (Fischer de Waldhein, 1846) View in CoL : Bey-Bienko & Mistshenko 1951: 351; Karabağ 1958: 122; Mirzayans 1959: 16; Shumakov 1963: 57; Avakyan 1968: 100; Weidner 1969: 160; Mistshenko 1972: 52; Stolyarov 1974: 481; Presa & Garcia 1983: 23; Heller et al. 1998: 61.

Paranocaracris rubipes (Fischer von Waldheim, 1846) : Hodjat 2012: 267; Sevgili et al. 2012: 325.

Paranocaracris rubripes rubripes (Fischer de Waldheim, 1846) View in CoL : Demirsoy 1973: 424, 425, partim; Demirsoy 1977: 81, 82, partim; Salman 1978: 70; Erman & Salman 1990: 112; Otte 1994: 183; Stolyarov 1997: 69; Mol et al. 2014: 137.

Type locality. Armenia (Fischer von Waldheim 1846: 270). Holotype: male ( NMW).

Material examined. ARMENIA: Caucasus , 1♂ (Holotype) (det. Fieber as Nocarodes rubripes ) (det. Br. v.W. as Nocarodes cyanipes ) (det. Ramme and Cejchan as Nocaracris cyanipes ) ( NMW) ; Eriwan, Krasikoparan, 1♀ (leg. Christoph) (det. Br. v.W. as Nocarodes spec.) ( NMW); Diližan , 4.7.1926, 1♀ (Holotype of Nocaracris tibialis ) (leg. Ižmailov) ( MfN); circ. lac. Gokča, prope Čubuchlu, 12.7.1927, 2♂, 4♀ ; Gokča, pr. Šordja , 20.7.1927, 1♂ ; Šordja , 20.6.1928, 1♂, 4♀ ; Šordja , 26.6.1928, 3♂ ; Šordja , 13.5.1930, 6♀ ; Šordja , 14.5.1930, 3♂, 5♀ ; Šordja , 20.5.1930, 1♂, 2♀ ; Gokča, pr. Elenovka , 21.8.1926, 1♂ ; Elenovka , 5.6.1927, 3♀ ; Elenovka , 14.6.1927, 6♂, 12♀, Elenovka, 9 – 10.5.1930, 8♂, 7♀; Elenovka , 3.7.1930, 12♂, 14♀ ; Gokča, pr. Täk-Agač , 16.7.1927, 13♂, 12♀, 1♀ nymph ; Alagöz , 10000 ft, 5.8.1930, 8♀ ; Gokča, pr. Babadjan-dara , 15.5.1930, 1♂, 1♀ ; Abazan, pr. Jmerlu, 10.8.1930, 1♂ (all leg. A. Schelkovnikov); Elenovka , 5.6.1929, 9♂ (leg. Bockarev) (all in NHMUK); Aragats Mt. , 12.6.2013, 1♀ (leg. A. G. Bugrov & I. E. Jetybayev) (AİBÜEM); TURKEY: [Kars], Sarakancyš [Sarıkamış], 1.5.1919, 2♂, 1♂ nymph, 2♀ nymphs (leg. A. Schelkovnikov) ( NHMUK) ; Ardahan, 7.5.1974, 5♂ ; Erzurum, Şenkaya, Turnalı , 25.6.1991, 1♀ (leg. E. Yıldırım) ( EMET) ; Kars, Selim, Zellice Köyü , 4.6.1980, 4♂, 2♀, 1♀ nymph (AİBÜEM) ; Erzurum, Horasan, Hızırilyas Köyü , 1742 m, 19.7.2011, 1♀ (leg. A. Hasbenli) ( MAZM).

Distribution. Transcaucasia, Caucasia, Armenia, Nakhichevan, Azerbaijan, N. Iran and E. Turkey: Ardahan, Kars, Erzurum provinces ( Fig. 844 View FIGURE 844 ).

Remarks. The author of this species must be Motschultsky as is the case the other species described by Motschultsky in Fischer von Waldheim, 1846 such as Nocaracris cyanipes, Pholidoptera pustulipes, Barbitistes foliicauda (see Fischer von Waldheim 1846: 269, 270, 359, 360). Fischer von Waldheim gave his new species as in following format “ Nocarodes serricollis Fischer. ” in the same paper (Fischer von Waldheim 1846: 268). Subsequent researchers gave the author of P. rubripes as Fischer von Waldheim except Fieber (1853: 127).

One male from Caucasus in the NMW was identified by Fieber as rubripes , but the other researchers Brunner, Ramme and Cejchan identified it as cyanipes . Here it is confirmed that it is N. rubripes and probably it is the only type of this species.

Motschultsky (in Fischer von Waldheim 1846: 270) in describing this species after the male gave the colors of hind tibia and tarsus as red. According to Uvarov (1928: 150) the inner side of hind tibia is red in male, blue-black with orange spine in female. Bey-Bienko & Mistshenko (1951: 351) stated that the hind tibia of this species is blueblack, black, sometimes red in male. According to Demirsoy (1973: 424; 1977: 81) hind tibia in both sexes is black, bluish. In fact it is quite variable, but the typical forms have red hind tibia in male and blue-black with reddish spines in the typical forms of female, as it is correctly stated by Uvarov (1928) (see the key above).

Avakyan (1968: 100) synonymized Nocaracris tibialis Ramme with N. rubripes for the first time, but it was overlooked by subsequent authors. The synonymy is here confirmed. The coloration of the hind legs of N. tibialis is undoubtedly within the variation of this species.

Erman & Salman’s (1990: 112) record from Elazığ probably belongs to another species of Nocaracris which should be confirmed.

References

Avakyan, G. D. (1968) Fauna of the Armenian SSR. Locusts (Acridoidea). Zool. Instit. Akad. Nauk Armyanskoi SSR. Erevan, pp. 12 - 59.

Bey-Bienko, G. Ya & Mistshenko, L. L. (1951) Fauna of the USSR Locusts and Grasshoppers of the U. S. S. R. and Adjacent Countries. Part 1. Zoological Institute of the USSR Academy of Sciences, 38, 1 - 400.

Bey-Bienko, G. Ya. (1964). Order Orthoptera. In: Bey-Bienko, Keys to insects of European part of USSR, Moscow-Leningrad (Nauka Publ.) 1, 205 - 284. [Russian]

Bolivar, I. (1916) Orthoptera Fam. Acridiidae. Subfam. Pamphaginae. In: Wytsman, P. (Ed.), Genera Insectorum. Bruxelles (V. Verteneuil & L. Desmet) 170, 1 - 40, pl. 1.

Demirsoy, A. (1973) Revision der anatolischen Pamphagidae (Saltatoria, Caelifera, Pamphagidae). Entomologische Mitteilungen aus dem Zoologischen Museum Hamburg, 4, 403 - 428.

Demirsoy, A. (1977) Turkiye Caelifera (Insecta, Orthoptera) faunasinin tesbiti ve taksonomik incelenmesi (1). Ataturk Unviversitesi Fen Fakultesi yayinlari, no: 80, 252 pp.

Erman, O. & Salman, S. (1990) Elazig ili Orthoptera (Insecta) faunasi. X. Ulusal Biyoloji Kongresi, Erzurum, pp. 109 - 119.

Fieber, F. X. (1853) Synopsis der europaischen Orthopteren mit besonderer Rucksicht der Bohmischen Arten. Lotus (Prag) vol. 3, 90 - 104, 115 - 131, 138 - 154, 168 - 176, 184 - 188, 201 - 207, 232 - 238, 252 - 261; (separate, issued 1854, Prag (Gerzabek), pp. 1 - 79 + (index) I - IV).

Heller, K. G., Korsunovskaya, O., Ragge, D. R., Vedenina, V., Willemse, F., Zhantiev, R. D. & Frantsevich, L. (1998) Check-list of European Orthoptera. Articulata, Beiheft, 7, 1 - 61.

Hodjat, S. H. (2012) An update list of Pamphagidae Brumster 1840 (Insecta: Orthoptera) of Iran with a key to the genera. Journal of Crop Protection 1 (3), 261 - 270.

Karabag, T. (1958) Turkiye'nin Orthoptera faunasi (The Orthoptera Fauna of Turkey). Ankara Universitesi Fen Fakultesi yayinlari, Ankara, 81, 198 pp.

Kirby, W. F. (1910) A Synonymic Catalogue of the Orthoptera. Vol. 3., Trustees of the British Museum (Nat. Hist.), London, 674 pp.

Miram, E. (1938) Mantodea and Orthoptera of the Nakhichevan A. S. S. R. collected by D. V. Znoiko. Trud. zool. Inst. Baku, 8, 33 - 54. [Russian with German descriptions]

Mirzayans, H. (1959) Liste des Orthopteres et leurs distribution en Iran. Entomologie et Phytopathologie Appliquees, 18, 10 - 30.

Mistshenko, L. L. (1972) Orthoptera (Saltatoria). In: Insects and ticks injurious to agriculture. Akademia Nauk SSSR, Zool. Inst. Lenigrad, Leningrad, 1, Pages 16 - 115 [Russian]

Mol, A., Sirin, D. & Taylan, M. S. (2014) Turkiye'de dagilim gosteren bazi Caelifera (Insecta: Orthoptera) turlerinin yeni lokalite kayitlari, endemism, yayginlik ve tarimsal zarar olusturma acisindan degerlendirilmesi. Bitki Koruma Bulteni, 54 (2), 133 - 170 [Turkish, English abstract]

Otte, D. (1994) Orthoptera Species File 3. Grasshoppers [Acridomorpha] B. Pamphagoidea. Orthopterists' Society & Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 241 pp.

Presa J. J. & Garcia M. D. (1983) Inventario preliminar de los Pamphagidae (Orthoptera) de la region paleartica. Anales de la Universidad de Murcia, 42, 3 - 42.

Ramme, W. (1951) Zur Systematik Faunistik und Biologie der Orthopteren von Sudost Europa und Vorderasien. Mitteilungen aus dem Zoologie Museum in Berlin, 27, 1 - 431.

Salman, S. (1978) Agri, Kars ve Artvin illerinin Orthoptera (Insecta) faunasi uzerine taksonomik arastirmalar. Ataturk Univiversitesi Fen Fakultesi yayinlari, no: 82, 184 pp.

Sevgili, H., Demirsoy, A. & Durmus, Y. (2012) Orthoptera fauna of Kemaliye (Erzincan). Hacettepe J. Biol. & Chem., Special Issue, 317 - 335.

Shumakov, E. M. (1963) Acridoidea of Afghanistan and Iran. Horae Societatis Entomologicae Unionis Soveticae, 49, 3 - 248 [Russian]

Stal, C. (1876) Observations Orthopterologiques. 2. Bihang till Kongliga Svenska Vetenskaps-akademiens Handlingar, 4 (5), 1 - 58.

Stolyarov, M. V. (1997) Peculiarities of the genesis of the fauna of Orthoptera in Transcaucasia. 5. Endemism and some general regularities of the genesis of the fauna of this region. Entomologicheskoe Obozrenie, 76, 111 - 121; [Russian, English translation in: Entomological Review, 77 (1), 66 - 74]

Tarbinsky, S. P. (1940) The saltatorian orthopterous insects of the Azerbaidzhan SSR. Acad. Sci. Azyerbaidjandkoi S. S. R., Moscow-Leningrad, 245 pp. [Russian]

Uvarov, B. P. (1928) Notes on some Caucasian Pamphaginae (Orthoptera, Acrididae). Russkoe Entomologicheskoe Obozrenie [= Revue Russe d' Entomologie], 22, 148 - 155.

Weidner, H. (1969) Beitrage zur Kenntnis der Feldheuschrecken (Caelifera) Anatoliens. Mitteilungen des zoologischen Museums Hamburg, 66, 145 - 226. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1007 / bf 02027743

Figures

FIGURE 844. Distribution of the species of genus Nocaracris.

FIGURES 344 – 374. Body parts. 344 – 353 tympanum, 344 Paranocarodes straubei, male; 345 ditto female; 346 Paranocarodes anatoliensis anatoliensis, male; 347 Paranocarodes chopardi, male; 348 ditto female; 349 Paranocarodes karabagi, female; 350 Nocaracris bodenheimeri, female without tympanum; 351 Nocaracris subrubratus, female without tympanum; 352 Nocaracris kosswigi, female; 353 Nocaracris judithae, female. 354 – 355 female abdominal tergites, 354 Paranocarodes karabagi; 355 Nocaracris judithae. 356 – 357 female vertex, 356 Neoparanothrotes borumandi; 357 Paranothrotes margaritae. 358 – 360 vertex dorsal view, 358 Pseudonothrotes levis, male; 359 ditto female; 360 Paranothrotes margaritae, female. 361 – 362 arolium of fore leg in male, 361 Eunothrotes dejugini; 362 Paranocarodes turkmen. 363 – 364 longitudinal sulcus of pronotum in male, 363 Paranothrotes gotvendicus, syntype; 364 Paranocarodes anatoliensis anatoliensis. 365 – 366 fastigium of vertex in female, 365 Paranothrotes siirt; 366 Paranocarodes turkmen. 367 – 370 head and pronotum, 367 Ebnerodes toelgi, male; 368 ditto female; 369 Paranocarodes straubei, male; 370 ditto female. 371 – 374 head and pronotum, dorso-lateral, 371 Turkanocaracris levigatus, male holotype; 372 ditto female paratype; 373 Nocarodes balachowskyi, male; 374 ditto female. Abbreviations: nsa: neighbour stigmal area, s: stigma, t: tympanum.

FIGURES 375 – 394. Body parts. 375 – 376 female hind femur, 375 Nocarodes sanctidavidi; 376 Nocaracris tridentatus. 377 – 378 Iranacris dentatus, female holotype, 377 frontal ridge lateral; 378 prosternum. 379 – 380 Nocarodes sanctidavidi, female, 379 frontal ridge lateral; 380 prosternum. 381 – 382 female pronotum, 381 Bufonocarodes robustus, paratype; 382 Nocarodes serricollis. 383 – 384 lateral carinae of pronotum in male, 383 Bufonocarodes robustus, holotype; 384 Nocarodes balachowskyi. 385 – 388 head lateral, 385 Araxiana woronowi, male; 386 ditto female; 387 Nocaracris rubripes, male; 388 ditto female. 389 – 390 female metasternum, 389 Araxiana woronowi; 390 Nocaracris rubripes. 391 – 394 frontal ridge, 391 Paranocarodes straubei, male lectotype; 392 ditto frontal view in female; 393 Paranocarodes tolunayi paphlagonicus, male; 394 ditto frontal view in female.

FIGURES 653 – 666. Habitus. 653 – 654 Nocaracris bodenheimeri, 653 male; 654 female. 655 – 658 Nocaracris cejchani, 655 male holotype; 656 ditto dorsal; 657 female paratype; 658 ditto dorsal. 659 – 660 Nocaracris cinerascens, 659 male holotype; 660 female paratype. 661 Nocaracris tauricolus, female holotype. 662 Nocaracris acinosus, female holotype. 663 – 664 Nocaracris rubripes, 663 male; 664 female. 665 – 666 Nocaracris ponticus, 665 male holotype; 666 female allotype.

FIGURES 1 – 5. Male phallic complexes in 5 tribes. A phallus lateral, B phallus dorsal, C epiphallus. 1 Pezotmethis tartarus tartarus (Thrinchini); 2 Haplotropis brunneriana (Haplotropiidini); 3 Orchamus massai (Pamphagini); 4 Saxetania (Cryptonothrotes) pseudoaptera (Tropidauchenini); 5 Paranocarodes beieri (Nocarodeini). Abbreviations: a: apodemes; abvp: apical end of basal valves of penis; ae: aedeagus; an: ancorae; ana: apical notch of apodemes; ap: anterior projection; avp: apical valves of penis; az: arch of zygoma; bvp: basal valves of penis; dvc: dorsal valves of cingulum; lasp: lateral aperture of sheath of penis; p: pseudolophi; plp: postero-lateral projection; plz: posterior lobes of zygoma; pmp: postero-median projection; rc: rami of cingulum; sp: sheath of penis; tc: tumida of cingulum; tz: tumida of zygoma; wb: white band; z: zygoma.