Miloderes setosus Casey, 1888

Van Dam, Matthew H. & O’Brien, Charles W., 2015, Review of the genus Miloderes Casey, 1888 (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Entiminae), with desciptions of three new species, Zootaxa 4006 (2), pp. 247-284 : 249-256

publication ID	https://doi.org/ 10.11646/zootaxa.4006.2.2
publication LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:pub:B7A45EAC-D817-47BF-A284-731FEF2B8F8C
DOI	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5661854
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/C15787EF-E927-FFE6-FF08-FAE48502FA99
treatment provided by	Plazi
scientific name	Miloderes setosus Casey, 1888
status

Treatment

Miloderes setosus Casey, 1888 View in CoL

( Figs. 1–4 View FIGURE 1 View FIGURE 2 View FIGURE 3 View FIGURE 4 H, 6A, 7B, 9E–F, 11B, D, 16)

Miloderes setosus Casey, 1888: 231 View in CoL . Holotype, CA: Kern Co. March, examined (USNM). Pierce, 1909: 347. Pierce, 1913: 379. Woodworth, 1913: 214. Van Dyke, 1935: 4. Van Dyke, 1936: 75. Ting, 1940: 150. Kissinger, 1960: 27. Sanders, 1960: 14. Tanner, 1966: 3. Tanner, 1974: 291. O’Brien & Wibmer, 1982: 60.

Description. Body clothed in relatively short sparse setae. Head with scales on frons convex. Pronotum with two vittae, lateral margins convex. Elytra gray and brown to blue and brown. Legs with front tibial shape convex with apical spines continuing on ventral surface, tibial brush square; hind tibial apex rounded. Median lobe curved. Endophallus with basal lobe not recurved and distended, dorsal lobe not present, distal projection absent, terminal recurved, median ventral lobe absent, middle thick, position of ventral apical lobe high, not pointed ventrally, shape round, subapical lobe resting on posterior dorsal surface, transfer apparatus strongly sclerotized. Spermatheca with basal lobes of unequal lengths.

Specimens examined. CA: Inyo Co.: Panamint Valley Dunes, February 1972, Derham Giuliani coll. (1 CDFA)[N36.440895, W-117.443422]; near Panamint Springs, 28 April 1982, Derham Giuliani coll. (2 CDFA) [N36.337305, W-117.454975]; Panamint Valley, sand dunes, 17 February 1972, Derham Giuliani coll. (5 CAS); Panamint Valley dunes. Big Four Mine Rd. off 190 1 hr walk NW, N36°25’16” W117°24’44” 1600 ft, 1 April 2009, M. Van Dam coll. (6 MVD, EMEC); 14 mi. S, 4 mi. E Ballarat, 1400ft., sand dunes, 4 April 1983, Derham Giuliani coll. (2 CDFA) [N35.885115, W-117.181508]; 3 mi. E Bishop, 4100ft. sand dunes, 12 March 1981 to 9 May 1981, Derham Giuliani coll. (1 CDFA) [N37.361877, W-118.341583]; same location information: antifreeze pit trap, 2 March to 10 April 1982, Derham Giuliani coll. (2 CDFA); 20 April 1987, Derham Giuliani coll. (1 CDFA); 4 mi. ESE Cantil Fremont Valley, 2000ft., sand dunes, 16 April 1982 to 7 November 1982, Derham Giuliani coll. (1 CDFA) [N35.280062, W-117.90966]; 4mi. N, 1mi. E Dunmovin, sand dunes, Haiwee Reservoir, 19 February 1983, Derham Giuliani coll. (3 CDFA, 3 CWOB) [N36.123969, W-117.956553]; same location data: 6 April 1983, (3 CDFA); 3.5 mi. S, 2.5 mi. E Olancha, Haiwee Reservoir, 3850ft., 14 April 1982, Derham Giuliani coll. (33 CDFA) [N36.226306, W-117.960143]; 15 mi. E of Olancha on side of HWY 190 on Sarcobatus N36°25’31” W117°49’23” 3800ft., 12 April 2009, M. Van Dam coll. (5 MVD, EMEC); Owens Lake, 22 February to 16 March 1978, Ethylene glycol pit trap, association Sarcobatus-Atriplex confertifolia (SAC), D. Giuliani, A.R. Hardy and Fred G. Andrews coll. (2 CDFA, 1 CWOB) [N36.309196, W-117.966298]; same location information: 16 March to 17 April 1978, (4 CDFA); 17 April to 18 May 1978, (1 CDFA); mid May to mid June 1978, (1 CDFA); Eureka Valley Dunes, Ex. Swallenia alexandrae , 25 May 1978, Derham Giuliani coll. (3 CDFA) [N37.112222, W- 117.679444]; sand dunes E of Tinemaha Res. Owens Valley, antifreeze pit trap, 22 December 1979 to 8 January 1980, Derham Giuliani coll. (2 CDFA) [N37.076318, W-118.206956]; same location data: 29 March 1980, (9 CDFA, 11 CWOB); 2 May 1980, (4 CDFA); 30 May 1980, (5 CDFA); 28 June 1980, (2 CDFA); antifreeze pit trap, 8 January to 29 March 1980, (1 CDFA); antifreeze pit trap, 29 March to 30 May 1980, (6 CDFA, 4 CWOB); antifreeze pit trap, 30 May to 28 June 1980, (1 CDFA); antifreeze pit trap, 28 June to 24 July 1980, (1 CDFA); antifreeze pit trap, 17 March to 22 August 1980, (2 CDFA); 7 mi. S, 5 mi. E Big Pine, Tinemaha Reservoir, 4000ft., antifreeze pit trap on sand dune, 8 April 1982, Derham Giuliani coll. (16 CDFA) [N37.076318, W-118.206956]; 9 mi. N Bishop, Fish Slough, sand dunes, 4200ft., 12 May 1982, Derham Giuliani coll. (16) [N37.461363, W- 118.391633]; 7 mi. N Bishop, Fish Slough, sand dunes, 4200ft., ethylene glycol pit trap, 19 May 1980 to 29 July 1980, Derham Giuliani coll. (1 CDFA) [N37.437308, W-118.395764]; same location information: ethylene glycol pit trap, 29 August 1980 to 12 March 1981, (1 CDFA); 2 mi. S, 3 mi. E Lone Pine, 3600ft., 29 March 1983, Derham Giuliani coll. (12 CDFA) [N36.603476, W-117.998618]; 3 mi. N 5.5 mi. E Trona, 2600ft.sand dunes, 26 April 1983, Derham Giuliani coll. (18 CDFA) [N35.810402, W-117.274891]. Kern Co.: Inyokern 14 March 1941, T.H.G. Aitken coll. (7 EMEC, 3 CAS, 6 BYU) [N35.638709, W-117.828265]; 4 mi. ESE Cantil Fremont Valley, Koehn Dry Lake, 1940ft., 4 February to 16 April 1982, Ethylene glycol pit trap, Derham Giuliani coll. (2 CDFA) [N35.2890, W-117.8842]; Short Canyon off of HWY 395, on indigo bush, N35°42’36.4” W117°53’12.7”, 12 March 2011, M. Van Dam coll. (1 MVD, EMEC) [N35.710111, W-117.886861]. Los Angeles Co.: Saddle Butte St. Park, 30 March 1985, William D. Shepard coll. (14 CAS) [N34.662715, W-117.805546]; 6 mi. E Pearblossom, 26 March 1969 J. W. and J. P. Davidson collectors (10 CWOB) [N34.503374, W-117.831845].

San Bernardino Co.: Goldestone L., 25 April 1953, G.A. Marsh, R. O. Schuster coll. (9 EMEC) [N35.273244, W-116.961567]; Victorville, 1 May 1953, G.A. Marsh, R. O. Schuster coll. (3 EMEC) [N34.507001, W- 117.276893]; 6 mi. S Kramer Jct., 23 April 1955, C.D. Macneill coll. (1 EMEC) [N34.894154, W-117.496759]; 3 mi. S Kramer Junction, 6 April 1966, D.R. Miller coll. (2 UCD); 6 mi. E, Kramer Junction, 24 June 1978, beating at night, A. Hardy and F. Andrews (1 CWOB) [N34.940478, W-117.397826]; Baker, 27 March 1935, Van Dyke collection (1 CAS); 2 mi. S Helendale 25 March 1986 D.G. Kissinger coll. (3 CDFA) [N34.697364, W- 117.344269]; Daggett, 7 mi. E Barstow, Mojave River dunes, sand under Larrea , 19 March 1988, D.G. Kissinger coll. (1 CDFA) [N34.871575, W-116.876355]; Daggett, 7 mi. E Barstow, 11 February 1990, D.G. Kissinger coll. (1 CDFA); Minneola Rd. 13 mi. E Barstow, sand dunes Mojave River, sand under Atriplex sp., April 12 1988, D.G. Kissinger coll. (1 CDFA) [N34.891827, W-116.764776]; 9 mi. N, 10 mi. E Ridgecrest, 3000ft., 15 February - 12 April 1981, antifreeze pit trap on sand dune among Larrea, Derham Giuliani coll. (2 CDFA) [N35.775022, W- 117.532382]; 9 mi. N, 10 mi. E Ridgecrest, 3100ft., 12 April 1981, antifreeze pit trap on sand dune, Derham Giuliani coll. (4 CDFA); 19 mi. N, Ridgecrest, sand dune, 3000- 2600ft., 5 April 1983, Derham Giuliani coll. (4 CDFA) [N35.899225, W-117.677135]; Pilot Knob Valley, 15 mi. S 14 mi. E Trona, sand dune, 5 April 1986, Derham Giuliani coll. (1 CDFA) [N35.554267, W-116.956873]; China Lake Base. K2 area Eastern end on Larrea N35°45’18” W117° 28’51” 3124 ft., 2 April 2010, M. Van Dam coll. (8 MVD, EMEC); 4.3 mi. SE of Trona airport rd to hills vic. Copper Queen Cyn on Larrea N 35°48’41” W117°16’25”, 1 April 2010, M. Van Dam coll. (10 MVD, EMEC); Kelso Sand Dunes, 7 April 1966, L. and C.W. O’Brien coll. (1 CAS) [N34.890275, W- 115.717479]; Kelso Sand Dunes, 7 April 1966, on Atriplex sp. at night, L. and C.W. O’Brien coll. (2 USNM).

Distribution. ( Fig. 19 View FIGURE 19 ) This species is found throughout the sand dunes of the Mojave Desert from the eastern slopes of the Sierra Nevada Mountains to the southeastern portions of the Mojave Desert at the Kelso Dunes. Distribution is partially sympatric with M. nelsoni , M. tingi , M. panamintensis sp. nov.

Intra- and interspecific morphological variation. Examination of the endophalli of M. setosus showed some variation between populations of this species. Populations in the northern Panamint Valley dunes had a distinctly angled edge of the ventral basal lobe, oriented at almost 90 degrees to the central body axis. This species also exhibits a large amount of color variation; however, all of the know specimens tend to have a patterned appearance with different scales having a variety of color from light blue to dark brown and black. The most diagnostic color feature is the two vittae on the pronotum which separates it from all other species except M. mercuryensis .