Rhipicephalus annulatus ( Say, 1821 )

Guglielmone, Alberto A., Petney, Trevor N. & Robbins, Richard G., 2020, Ixodidae (Acari: Ixodoidea): descriptions and redescriptions of all known species from 1758 to December 31, 2019, Zootaxa 4871 (1), pp. 1-322 : 213-214

1. Rhipicephalus annulatus ( Say, 1821) .

An Afrotropical, Nearctic and Palearctic species, all of whose parasitic stages are usually found on Artiodactyla : Bovidae . There are also records from Mammalia (several orders), Gal-liformes: Phasianidae , Passeriformes : Alaudidae , Corvidae , Sturnidae and Turdidae , and Squamata : Agamidae and Lacertidae . Rhipicephalus annulatus is a sporadic parasite of humans.

M: Say (1821), under the name Ixodes annulatus and given its current status first in Neumann (1897) and definitively in Murrell and Barker (2003)

F: Say (1821), under the name Ixodes annulatus

N: Hooker et al. (1912), under the name Margaropus annulatus

L: Salmon and Stiles (1901), under the name Boophilus annulatus ; see note below

Redescriptions

M: Salmon and Stiles (1901), Cooley (1946), Hoogstraal (1956a), Arthur (1960a), Elbl and Anastos (1966d), Furman and Loomis (1984), Matthysse and Colbo (1987), Filippova (1997) and Pérez-Eid (2007), all under the name Boophilus annulatus, Hunter and Hooker (1907) and Hooker et al. (1912), both under the name Margaropus annulatus, Walker A.R. et al. (2003) , Estrada-Peña et al. (2004, 2017)

F: Salmon and Stiles (1901), Cooley (1946), Hoogstraal (1956a), Arthur (1960a), Elbl and Anastos (1966d), Furman and Loomis (1984), Matthysse and Colbo (1987), Filippova (1997) and Pérez-Eid (2007), all under the name Boophilus annulatus, Hunter and Hooker (1907) and Hooker et al. (1912), both under the name Margaropus annulatus, Walker A.R. et al. (2003) , Estrada-Peña et al. (2004, 2017)

N: Cooley (1946), Arthur (1960a), Furman and Loomis (1984), Filippova (1997) and Pérez-Eid (2007), all under the name Boophilus annulatus, Estrada-Peña et al. (2017)

L: Hooker et al. (1912, under the name Margaropus annulatus ), Cooley (1946), Arthur (1960a), Clifford et al. (1961), Bohmfalk and Price (1979), Furman and Loomis (1984), Filippova (1997) and Pérez-Eid (2007), all under the name Boophilus annulatus ), Estrada-Peña et al. (2017)

Note: Camicas et al. (1998) include the Australasian Region within the range of Rhipicephalus annulatus (as Boophilus annulatus ), but Guglielmone et al. (2003, 2014) state that there are no bona fide records for this species in that zoogeographic region. Neumann (1897) allegedly first described the larva of Rhipicephalus annulatus , but Neumann depicted a distribution for this species that includes areas from which Rhipicephalus australis and Rhipicephalus microplus are also known, and it is uncertain whether his description was based on bona fide Rhipicephalus annulatus . Krijgsman and Ponto (1932) described Rhipicephalus microplus or a related species under the name Boophilus annulatus , but no proper redescription of Rhipicephalus annulatus using specimens from Oriental populations has been found; therefore, the several records of this tick from the Oriental Region, including recent publications such as Nimisha et al. (2019), require confirmation. There are a number of redescriptions of Rhipicephalus annulatus under the name Boophilus calcaratus that are not included in the above lists; additionally, the synonymy of Rhipicephalus annulatus contains many names ( Guglielmone & Nava 2014) whose descriptions are not included here. Minning (1934, 1935, 1936) described several species and subspecies of Rhipicephalus annulatus under the genera Boophilus and Uroboophilus that also do not appear in the above lists, but these studies should be taken into account if the name Rhipicephalus annulatus is found to comprise more than one species.