Glyptapanteles carlossarmientoi Arias-Penna, sp. nov.

Arias-Penna, Diana Carolina, Whitfield, James B., Janzen, Daniel H., Winifred Hallwachs,, Dyer, Lee A., Smith, M. Alex, Hebert, Paul D. N. & Fernandez-Triana, Jose L., 2019, A species-level taxonomic review and host associations of Glyptapanteles (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Microgastrinae) with an emphasis on 136 new reared species from Costa Rica and Ecuador, ZooKeys 890, pp. 1-685 : 1

Glyptapanteles carlossarmientoi Arias-Penna, sp. nov. Figs 44 , 45

Female.

Body length 1.81 mm, antenna length 2.22 mm, fore wing length 2.02 mm.

Type material.

Holotype: COSTA RICA • 1♀; 03-SRNP-3824, DHJPAR0000044; Área de Conservación Guanacaste, Guanacaste, Sector Cacao, Sendero Nayo ; cloud forest; 1,090 m; 10.92446, -85.46953; 12.iv.2003; Freddy Quesada leg.; caterpillar collected in fifth instar; cocoons formed on 15.iv.2003, tight stack of white cocoons standing on end tightly glued together at right angles to the leaf, forming two rows of parallel cordwood to the long axis of the cadaver, next to it on one side; adult parasitoids emerged on 24.iv.2003; ( CNC) . Paratypes. • 86 (5♀, 4♂) (77, 0 ♂); 03-SRNP-3824, DHJPAR0000044; same data as for holotype; ( CNC) .

Diagnosis.

Petiole on T1 completely smooth and polished, with faint, satin-like sheen ( Figs 44D , 45D ), lateral grooves delimiting the median area on T2 distally losing definition on T2, and fore wing with r vein straight, outer side of junction of r and 2RS veins forming a stub ( Fig. 44G ).

Coloration

( Fig. 44A ). General body coloration brown-black except some parts of both dorsal and ventral furrows of pronotum, epicnemial ridge, ventral edge of mesopleuron (coloration more conspicuous distally), distal corners of mesoscutum, lunules, BS, PFM and BM with light brown/reddish tints; scape, apex of pedicel, labrum, mandible and tegulae yellow-brown; maxillary and labial palps yellow; all antennal flagellomeres brown on both sides. Eyes gray/black and ocelli reddish (in preserved specimen). Fore and middle legs yellow-brown except brown claws; hind legs yellow-brown except proximal half of coxae, apex of femora, apex of tibiae and tarsomeres brown. Petiole on T1 yellow-brown/reddish, contours darkened, and sublateral areas yellow; T2 with median area and lateral ends brown, median area with darkened contours; T3 and beyond completely brown; distally each tergum with a narrow whitish transparent band. In lateral view, T1-2 completely yellow-brown; T3 and beyond completely brown. S1-3 yellow-brown; S4 and beyond completely brown.

Description.

Head ( Fig. 44A ). Head rounded with pubescence long and dense. Proximal three antennal flagellomeres longer than wide (0.15:0.05, 0.17:0.05, 0.15:0.05), distal antennal flagellomere longer than penultimate (0.12:0.05, 0.09:0.05), antenna longer than body (2.22, 1.81); antennal scrobes-frons shallow. Face with scattered finely punctate, interspaces smooth with a lateral depression at each side, and longitudinal median carina present. Frons smooth. Temple wide with punctate sculpture and interspaces wavy. Inner margin of eyes diverging slightly at antennal sockets; in lateral view, eye anteriorly convex and posteriorly straight. POL shorter than OOL (0.10, 0.12). Malar suture absent or difficult to see. Median area between lateral ocelli without depression. Vertex laterally rounded and dorsally wide.

Mesosoma ( Fig. 44 A–C, F ). Mesosoma dorsoventrally convex. Distal 1/3 of mesoscutum with lateral margin slightly dented, proximally with distinctive punctation distally with a polished area, interspaces wavy/lacunose. Scutellum triangular, apex sloped and fused with BS, scutellar punctation distinct throughout, in profile scutellum flat and on same plane as mesoscutum, phragma of the scutellum completely concealed; BS only very partially overlapping the MPM; ATS demilune with complete undulate/reticulate carinae; dorsal ATS groove with semicircular/parallel carinae. Transscutal articulation with small and heterogeneous foveae, area just behind transscutal articulation with a smooth and shiny sloped transverse strip. Metanotum with BM wider than PFM (clearly differentiated); MPM circular and bisected by a median longitudinal carina; AFM without setiferous lobes and not as well delineated as PFM; PFM thick and smooth; ATM proximally with semircular/undulate carina and distally smooth. Propodeum without median longitudinal carina, proximal half weakly curved with medium-sized sculpture and distal half rugose with a shallow dent at each side of nucha; distal edge of propodeum with a flange at each side and without stubs; propodeal spiracle distally framed by a short concave carina; nucha surrounded by very short radiating carinae. Pronotum with a distinct dorsal furrow, dorsally with a well-defined smooth band; central area of pronotum smooth, but both dorsal and ventral furrows with short parallel carinae. Propleuron with fine punctations throughout and dorsally without a carina. Metasternum flat or nearly so. Contour of mesopleuron convex; precoxal groove shallow, but visible and with transverse lineate sculpture; epicnemial ridge elongated more fusiform (tapering at both ends).

Legs ( Fig. 44A ). Ventral margin of fore telotarsus entire without seta, fore telotarsus almost same width throughout and longer than fourth tarsomere (0.07, 0.05). Hind coxa with very finely punctate throughout, and dorsal outer depression absent. Inner spur of hind tibia longer than outer spur (0.16, 0.14), entire surface of hind tibia with dense strong spines clearly differentiated by color and length. Hind telotarsus longer than fourth tarsomere (0.11, 0.09).

Wings ( Fig. 44G, H ). Fore wing with r vein straight; 2RS vein slightly convex to convex; r and 2RS veins forming an angle at their junction and outer side of junction forming a slight stub; 2M vein slightly curved/swollen; distally fore wing [where spectral veins are] with microtrichiae more densely concentrated than the rest of the wing; anal cell 1/3 proximally lacking microtrichiae; subbasal cell with a small smooth area; veins 2CUa and 2CUb completely spectral; vein 2 cu-a absent; vein 2-1A proximally tubular and distally spectral, although sometimes difficult to see; tubular vein 1 cu-a straight, incomplete/broken and not reaching the edge of 1-1A vein. Hind wing with vannal lobe very narrow, subdistally and subproximally evenly convex, and setae evenly scattered in the margin.

Metasoma ( Fig. 44A, D, E, J ). Metasoma laterally compressed. Petiole on T1 completely smooth and polished, with faint, satin-like sheen, virtually parallel-sided over most of length, but narrowing over distal 1/3, apex truncate (length 0.29, maximum width 0.17, minimum width 0.06), petiole with scattered pubescence concentrated in the first distal third. Lateral grooves delimiting the median area on T2 clearly defined and reaching the distal edge of T2 (length median area 0.10, length T2 0.10), edges of median area polished and lateral grooves deep, median area broader than long (length 0.10, maximum width 0.15, minimum width 0.06); T2 with a distinctive row of pubescence only at the distal margin. T3 longer than T2 (0.18, 0.10) and with a distinctive row of pubescence only at the distal margin. Pubescence on hypopygium dense.

Cocoons. White oval cocoons with silk fibers evenly smooth. Two rows of cordwood cocoons tightly glued together at right angles to the leaf, running parallel to the long axis of the cadaver, next to it on one side.

Comments.

The propodeum is rugose in both sexes. The lateral margins of the median area on T2 are slightly curved (concave, Figs 44D , 45G ) resembling the median area on T2 of G. bourquini (Blanchard) and G. ecuadorius ( Whitfield et al. 2002a).

Male

( Fig. 45 A–I ). Hind coxae are completely brown, but in general, the coloration is similar to that of the female.

Etymology.

This species is named in honor of Carlos Eduardo Sarmiento Monroy, a Colombian entomologist, whose research is focused on Vespidae and Braconidae . Currently, he is a professor at the Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia.

Distribution.

Parasitized caterpillar was collected in Costa Rica, ACG, Sector Cacao (Sendero Nayo), during April 2003 at 1,090 m in cloud forest.

Biology.

The lifestyle of this parasitoid species is gregarious.

Host.

Anicla ignicans ( Guenée) ( Noctuidae , Noctuinae) feeding on Cynodon nlemfuensis , introduced species, ( Poaceae ). Caterpillar was collected in fifth instar.

Figures

Figure 44. Glyptapanteles carlossarmientoi sp. nov. female 03 - SRNP- 3824 DHJPAR 0000044 A Habitus B, F Mesosoma B Dorsolateral view F Lateral view C Metanotum, propodeum, laterodorsal view D T 1 - 2, laterodorsal view E Genitalia: ovipositor sheaths, lateral view G, H Wings G Fore H Hind I Metasoma, lateral view.

Figure 45. Glyptapanteles carlossarmientoi sp. nov. male 03 - SRNP- 3824 DHJPAR 0000044 A Habitus B, E Mesosoma B Dorsolateral view E Lateral view C Metanotum, propodeum, dorsal view D T 1 - 2, dorsal view F, G Metasoma F Lateral view G Dorsal view H, I Wings H Fore I Hind.