Acalypha urophylla Boivin ex Baill., 2914

Muñoz, Iris Montero, Levin, Geoffrey A. & Cardiel, José María, 2023, Monograph of Acalypha L. (Euphorbiaceae) of the Western Indian Ocean Region, with the description of a new species from Mayotte, Adansonia (3) 45 (26), pp. 395-496 : 479-483

47. Acalypha urophylla Boivin ex Baill.

Adansonia, recueil d’observations botaniques 1: 273 ( Baillon 1861).— Acalypha reticulata var. urophylla (Boivin ex Baill.) Müll.Arg. Linnaea 34: 32 ( Müller Argoviensis 1865). — Acalypha filiformis var. urophylla (Boivin ex Baill.) Govaerts, World Checklist and Bibliography of Euphorbiaceae (and Pandaceae ) 63 ( Govaerts et al. 2000). — Type: Madagascar. Prov. Antsiranana, Nossibé, plateau de Hell-Ville, VI.1847, L. H. Boivin 2178 (lecto-, designated by Montero Muñoz et al. [2018a: 110]: P[P00536752]; isolecto-, G[G00034246], GDC[G00324519], P[P00536751, P00536753]). — Former syntypes: Madagascar. s.l., s.d., L. M. A. Du Petit-Thouars s.n. (P[P00536748]); Prov. Antsiranana, Nossibé, XII.1840, A. Pervillé 364 (P[P00536749]); M. Richard 385 (P[P00536750]).

Acalypha goudotiana Baill. , Adansonia, recueil d’observations botaniques 1: 268 ( Baillon 1861). — Acalypha reticulata var. goudotiana (Baill.) Müll.Arg. , Linnaea 34: 32 ( Müller Argoviensis 1865). — Acalypha filiformis var. goudotiana (Baill.) Govaerts, World Checklist and Bibliography of Euphorbiaceae (and Pandaceae ) 62 ( Govaerts et al. 2000). — Type: Madagascar. s.l., 1830, J. P. Goudot s.n. (holo-, G; iso-, P[P00536727] fragment).

Acalypha meiodonta Baill. , Bulletin mensuel de la Société linnéenne de Paris 2: 1197 ( Baillon 1895b). — Acalypha reticulata var. meiodonta (Baill.) Leandri, Notulae Systematicae. Herbier du Muséum de Paris. Phanérogramie. Paris 10: 267 ( Leandri 1942). — Type: Madagascar. “Centr. Madag.”, XII.1883, R. Baron 2826 (lecto-, designated by Montero Muñoz et al. [2018a: 106]: P[P05604378]; isolecto-, K[K000186508]). — Former syntype: Madagascar. “Centr. Madag.”, s.d., R. Baron 6581 (K[n.v.]), syn. nov.

Acalypha reticulata var. urophylla f. meeusei Leandri, Notulae Systematicae. Herbier du Muséum de Paris. Phanérogramie. Paris 10: 264 ( Leandri 1942). — Type: Madagascar. Prov. Toamasina, Analamazaotra forest, 1912, H. Perrier de la Bâthie 9741 (lecto-, designated by Montero Muñoz et al. [2018a: 111]:P05604377). — Former syntypes: Madagascar. Prov. Fianarantsoa, base Est du Pic d’Ivohibe, 19.IX.1926, R. Decary 5352 (P[P00224690]); Prov. Toamasina, Analamazaotra, 1000 m, 10.XI.1938, H. J. Lam & A. D. J. Meeuse 5290 (L[L0242106]); Moramanga, 900 m, 11.XI.1938, H. J. Lam & A. D. J. Meeuse 5363 (L[L0242105]); Soanierana, Andasibé, 9.XII.1938, H. J. Lam & A. D. J. Meeuse 5814 (WAG[WAG0133229], L[L0242110]).

Acalypha reticulata var. urophylla f. longa Leandri, Notulae Systematicae. Herbier du Muséum de Paris. Phanérogramie. Paris 10: 265 ( Leandri 1942). — Type: Madagascar. Prov. Toliara, bassin de la Manampanihy, Col de Fitana, 700 m, 15.X.1928, H. Humbert 6015 (lecto-, designated by Montero Muñoz et al. [2018a: 111]: P[P05604383]). — Former syntypes: Madagascar. Prov. Toliara, Col d’Ivolo (District de Fort-Dauphin), 500 m, 5.IX.1932, R. Decary 10558 (P[P05604384]); Fort-Dauphin, col de Tsitongabarika, 600 m, 9.IX.1932, R. Decary 10595 (P[P05604399]).

Acalypha reticulata var. urophylla f. vohitrae Leandri, Notulae Systematicae. Herbier du Muséum de Paris. Phanérogramie. Paris 10: 265 ( Leandri 1942). — Type: Madagascar. Prov. Toamasina, Andevorante, rive droite de la Vohitra près de Lohariandava, 200-250 m, 10.X.1912, R. Viguier & H. Humbert 661 (lecto-, designated byMontero Muñoz et al. [2018a: 111]: P[P05604437]; isolecto-, P[P05604440, P05604441]).

Acalypha reticulata var. urophylla f. glabrescens Leandri, Notulae Systematicae. Herbier du Muséum de Paris. Phanérogramie. Paris 10: 266 ( Leandri 1942). — Type: Madagascar. Prov. Antsiranana, Massif du Tsaratanana, 2200 m, H. Perrier de la Bâthie 16180 (lecto-, designated by Montero Muñoz et al. [2018a: 111]: P[P05604386]). — Former syntypes: Madagascar. Prov. Antsiranana, Sambirano, XI-XII.1937, H. Humbert 18659 (P[P05604397, P05604400]); Massif du Tsaratanana, 1600 m, H. Perrier de la Bâthie 15371 (P[P05604385]); IX.1912, H. Perrier de la Bâthie 18614 (P[P05604382]); Prov. Fianarantsoa, Ranohira, Isalo, 30.VII.1928, H. Humbert 5014 (P[P05604401, P05604402]); Prov. Mahajanga, Beritsoka, H. Perrier de la Bâthie 413 (P[P05604390, P05604392]); Beritsoka, XII.1897, H. Perrier de la Bâthie 422 (P[P05604387, P05604388, P05604391]); Beritsoka, H. Perrier de la Bâthie 9822 (P[P05604389]); without exact location: s.l., R. Baron 5987 (P[P05604407]); s.l., L. Humblot 335 (P[P05604393, P05604394, P05604395, P05604396]).

Acalypha reticulata var. meiodonta f. andronea Leandri, Notulae Systematicae. Herbier du Muséum de Paris. Phanérogramie. Paris 10: 268 ( Leandri 1942). — Type: Madagascar. Prov. Mahajanga, Bemarivo (Boïna), XII.1906, H. Perrier de la Bâthie 9561 (lecto-, designated by Montero Muñoz et al. [2018a: 106]: P[P00513143]; isolecto-, P[P00513144]). — Former syntypes: Madagascar.Prov. Mahajanga, Manongarivo (Ambongo), X.1904, H. Perrier de la Bâthie 1677 (P[P00513146, P00513147]); bord du massif du Manongarivo, versant du Sambirano, 1909, H. Perrier de la Bâthie 9934 (P[P00513149]); haut Bemarivo (Andranofosy), Boïna, I.1907, H. Perrier de la Bâthie 9635 (P[P00513145]); Massif du Manongarivo, Sambirano, IV.1909, H. Perrier de la Bâthie 9928 (P[P00513142]); Massif du Manongarivo, versant du Sambirano, IX.1909, H. Perrier de la Bâthie 9939 (P[P00513150]), syn. nov.

Acalypha reticulata var. urophylla f. typique Leandri, Notulae Systematicae. Herbier du Muséum de Paris. Phanérogramie. Paris 10: 262 ( Leandri 1942) nom. inval.

ICONOGRAPHY. — Baillon (1891: t. 189); Figs 69H ; 73 C-F.

ETYMOLOGY. — The epithet is taken from the Greek words ‘uro’, tail, and ‘ phyllus ’, leaf. It probably refers to the acuminate apex of the leaf blades.

DISTRIBUTION AND HABITAT. — Endemic to Madagascar (Diana, Sava, Sofia, Analanjirofo, Boeny, Betsiboka, Alaotra-Mangoro, Melaky, Bongolava, Analamanga, Vakinankaratra, Amoron’i Mania, Haute Matsiatra, Vatovavy-Fitovinany, Atsimo-Atsinanana, Ihorombe, Menabe, Atsimo-Andrefana, Androy and Anosy). Medium altitude moist evergreen forest, lowland altitude moist evergreen forest, moist semi-deciduous forest, sclerophyllous woodland, dry deciduous forest, and riparian forest. On basement rocks, sandstone, and unconsolidated sand. Altitudinal range 100-2000 (-2280) m ( Fig. 70 ).

PRELIMINARY CONSERVATION ASSESSMENT. — The EOO of Acalypha urophylla is estimated to be 552 176 km 2 and its AOO 812 km 2, which is less than the 2 000 km2 threshold of the B2 subcriterion of the Vulnerable category. However, A. urophylla has a large EOO, a wide elevational range, and occurs in many different ecosystems, so it is likely that its AOO actually exceeds the threshold of any threat category. Therefore, we assess A. urophylla as Least Concern (LC).

MATERIAL EXAMINED. — 361 collections. Madagascar. Académie Malgache s.n. (P[P00508499]); Adamainty, J.F. 3 (G, MAUAM, MO); Afzelius, K. s.n. (P[P00508498]); Almeda, F. 7914 ( CAS [CAS-0064833], G, MO[MO-2965739]), 8100 ( CAS [CAS-0064830]); Ammann, M.Y. MYA 026 (G[G00180173]), MYA 106 (G, K, P[P04786263]), MYA 322 (G, P[P04786264]), MYA 410 (G[G00180542]); Andriamihajarivo, T. 1979 ( MO [MO-3037278], P[P01200027]); Andrianjafy, N.M. 337 (K, MO[MO-2966179], P[P05604406]), 494 (P[P05604423]), 668 (P[P05604373]), 1466 ( MO [MO-2965754], TAN); Anonymous 1677 (P[P05604376]); Anonymous 169820 (P[P04804779]); Anonymous 2727 (P[P04804528]); Anonymous 3774 (P[P04804536]); Anonymous 5756 (P[P04804537]); Anonymous 9891 (P[P04804512]); Anonymous s.n. (P[P04804507]); Anonymous s.n. (P[P04804534]); Antilahimena, P. 307 (P[P04779788]), 3220 (G[G00420842], MO[MO-2965863], TAN), 4195 (K, MO[MO-2965842], P[P05572501]), 4271 ( MO [MO-3025014], P[P05481539]), 4905 (G, MO[MO- 2966260], P[P 05481544]), 4990 (G, MO[MO-3025017], P[P05481457]), 5260 ( MO [MO-3025013], P[P05481541]), 5378 ( MO [MO-3025015], P[P 01152830],TAN), 8161 ( MAUAM, MO[MO-2965746], P[P 01152832], TAN); Baron, R. 2309 (P[P04779832]), 2826 (P[P05604378]), 2874 (P[P04804725]), 3048 (K), 3086 (K), 3107 (P[P04804722]), 3701 (K), 3786 (K), 3874 (K), 4066 (K), 4403 (P[P04779783]), 4619 (P[P04779780]), 4793 (P[P04804728]), 4848 (K), 4991 (K), 4992 (K), 4993 (K), 4994 (K), 5560 (P[P04804726]), 5581 (P[P05604375]), 5671 (P[P04804729]), 5823 (P[P04804730]), 5987 (P[P05604407]), s.n. (P[P04804727]); Benoist, M.R. 1135 (P[P04804720]), 1484 (G, K, P[P04804719]), 1512 ( MA [MA-01-00730257], P[P04804724]), 1519 (P[P04804723]), s.n. (P[P04779781]); Bernard, R. 1295 (G, P[P04786265]); Bernardi, L. 11139 (G[G00034253], L[L0242525], P[P04779803]), 11825 (G[G60429]), s.n. (P[P04779775]); Birkinshaw, C.R. 521 (P[P00513131]), 759 ( BR [BR0000009679566]), 872 (G, ILL, MAUAM, MO[MO-2967237], P[P00513132], TAN), 1464 (P[P05481883]); Boivin, L.H. 52 (P[P00513160]), 2178 (G[G00324519, G00034246], P[P04804721, P00536751, P00536752, P00536753]), s.n. (P[P00324574]), s.n. (P[P04804508]), s.n. (P[P04804511]), s.n. (K[K000186501]), s.n. (K[K000186502]); Bosser, M.J. 1201 (P[P04779808]), 2191 (P[P04804716]), 2374 (P[P00508489]), 2690 (P[P00508490]), 5952 (P[P04804715]), 6985 (P[P04804718]), 8508 (P[P00508491, P00508492]), 16709 (P[P04804717]), 17510 (P[P00508493, P00508494]), 18256 (P[P00508495]); Buerki, S. 83 (G, MO[MO-2966262], P[P05604433], TAN); Burivalova, Z. ZB 021 (G[G00304003]); Casimir, Z. 597 (P[P00872737]); Catat, L.D.M. 459 (P[P04804712]); Ceplitis, A. AA957 ( UPS [UPS V-095281]); Cloisel, J. 136 (P[P00513165]); Cours, G. 810 (P[P04804711]), 928 (P[P04804714]), 1007 (G, P[P04804710]), 1606 (B[B100138967], G, MA[MA-01-00730255], P[P04804713]), 2074 (G, P[P00508486]), 2078 (B[B100120929], MA[MA-01-00730258], P[P00508488]), 3240 (B, MA[MA-01-00730259], P[P00508487], WAG[WAG.1930071]); Croat, T.B. 29479 (P[P00508483]), 29487 (P[P00508485]), 30146 (P[P00508481]), 30697 (P[P00508482]), 32280 (P[P00508484]), 32284 ( WAG [WAG.1578691]); Cynthia , F. 177 (P[P05510094]); d’Alleizette, Ch. 846 (P[P00513161]), s.n. (L[L0242102]), s.n. (L[L0242179]); Decary, R. 90 (C), 1306 (P[P00513159]), 1317 (P[P00513158]), 1334 (P[P00513157]), 1524 f (G[G00420845]), 1966 (P[P04804515]), 5069 (B[B100273583], P[P00508480]), 5352 (P[P00224690]), 5431 (P[P04804498]), 5711 (C, G, P[P00508479]), 6969 (P[P00508478]), 7057 (K, P[P00508477], US [ US 01287452]), 7113 (P[P00508476, P04786260], S[S13-13803]), 7232 (P[P00508475]), 7418 (P[P00508474]), 7567 (P[P00508473]), 7956 (P[P00508472]), 8134 (B[B100120931], P[P00508471]), 9432 (P[P04804538]), 10558 (P[P05604384]), 10595 (P[P05604399]), 13772 (P[P00508470]), 14692 (K, P[P00508469]), 14865 (P[P00508468]), 15186 (K, P [P 00508467]), 15247 (P [P00508465], WAG[WAG.1930072]), 15596 (P[P04779778]), 17457 (G, K, P[P00508464]), 17508 (B[B100346702], BR[BR0000005095049], P[P00513156]), 17730 ( BR [BR0000009311879], G, P[P00508463]), 17821 ( BR [BR0000009311978], P[P00508462]), 17829 (P[P00508461]), 18246 (G, K, P[P00508460]), 18406 (P [P 00508459]), 18952 (P [P 00508458]), 19319 ( BR [BR0000009312074], P[P00508457]), s.n. (L[L0242101]); Dequaire, J. 27910 (P[P00508456]); Derleth, P. 42 (G[G341437/1], K, P[P00513152]); Desvaux, A.N. 532 (P[P04804499]); du Petit-Thouars, L.M.A. s.n. (P[P00536748]), s.n. (P[P05604459]); Dumetz, N. 636 ( BR [BR0000021450303], MO[MO-2966272], P[P04804500], WAG[WAG.1578693]); Gautier, L. LG 3064 (G[G337437/1], K, P[P00513153]), LG 3999 (G[G00007293], K, P[P04786266]), LG 4950 (G[G369042/1], P[P05547076]), LG 5064 (G[G00170071], P[P05543674]), LG 5199 (G[G00170079], K, P[P05547996]), LG 5259 (G[G00181845], K, P[P04786270]); Gereau, R.E. 3221 (P[P00513155]); Gillespie, L. 4104 ( US [ US 01287342]), 10709 ( CAN), 10772 ( MO); Goudot, J. s.n. (P[P00536727]), s.n. (holotype, G); Grandidier, M. s.n. (P[P04804535]); Harder, D.K. 1598 (P[P00508454]); Hildebrandt, J.M. 2914 ( BREM [BREM_0001786], G[G00034247], L[L0242108], P[P04804496, P04804501, P04804502, P04804503]); Homolle, A.M. 2074 (P[P04804529]), 2075 (P[P04804532]), 7460 (P[P04804530]), s.n. (P[P04804531]), s.n. (P[P04804533]); Humbert , H. 2827 (G, P[P04804522, P04804523, P04804524]), 3448 (G, P[P00508452]), 5014 (P[P05604401, P05604402]), 6015 ( GH [GH 01097252], P [P 05604383]), 6067 ( GH [GH 01097251], P [P 00508450, P 00508451], US [ US 01287454]), 6242 ( GH [GH01097249], P[P00508448, P00508449], US [ US 01287457]), 6296 ( GH [GH01097248], P[P04804497], US [ US 01287456]), 6476 ( GH [GH01097250], P[P04804490, P04804491], US [ US 01287455]), 6995 ( MO [MO-3025006], P[P00324581, P05543671], TAN), 11232 (P[P04779864]), 11235 (P[P00324547, P04779549, P04779551]), 11906 (P[P00508447]), 12096 (P[P00508446]), 12153 (P[P00508444, P00508445]), 12215 (P[P00508443]), 13810 (P[P00508438, P00508439, P00508440]), 17701 (P[P00508436, P00508437]), 18176 (P[P00508434, P00508435]), 18659 (P[P05604397, P05604400]), 19557 (G, K, MO[MO-2966209], P[P00508433], TAN, WAG[WAG.1930073]), 19730 (P[P05543678]), 20476 (B[B100120930], G, P[P00508430]), 22155 (P[P00508429, P04804492]), 23968 (P[P00508428]), 24008 (P[P00513148]), 24225 (P[P00508427]), 24261 (G, P[P 0 0 5 1 3 1 2 6], WAG [WAG. 1 5 7 8 6 3 4]), 2 5 8 1 9 (G, MO[MO-3025007], P[P00508426]), 28635 (P[P00508425]), s.n. (P[P00508453]); Humblot, L. 335 (P[P05604393, P05604394, P05604395, P05604396]), s.n. (P[P04779787]); Keraudren-Aymonin M. 25265 (P[P04804754]); Jacquemin, H. 80-J (P[P04804759]), H451J (P[P00513151]), H285J (P[P04804760]), H666J (P[P04804756]); Jard. Bot.Tananarive 5630 (P[P00513162]); Kotozafy, A. 360 (P[P00513128]); Lam, H.J. 5014 (K, P[P04804495]), 5290 (L[L0242106]), 5363 (L[L0242105]), 5385 (P[P00513174]), 5386 (L[L0242100], P[P04804525]), 5814 ( BR [BR0000014625480], L[L0242110], WAG[WAG.1578692]); Le Myre de Villers, M. s.n. (P[P04779853]), s.n. (P[P04779854]); Leandri, J. 606 (P[P04804742]), 731 (P[P04804741]), 1796 (P[P04804751, P04804752]), 4333 (P[P04804749]), 4434 (P[P04804748]); Leeuwenberg, A.J.M. 14301 ( BR [BR0000014293221], C, CAS, E, FR, G[G00380499], K, LMU, MA[MA-01-00850542], MO, P[P04804738], PRE,TAN, WAG[WAG.1578738, WAG.1578739]); Lowry II, P.P. 4165 (K, MO, P[P00513134]), 5446 (K, MO[MO-2966187], P[P04779849, P04779852]), 6237 (K, MO[MO-2966185]); Ludovic, R. 304 ( MO [MO-3025021]); Malcomber, S. 941 (K, MO[MO-2965840], P[P04804701]), 1729 ( MO [MO-2966195], P[P04804706]), 1746 (K, MO[MO-2966188], P[P04804707]), 1774 (K, MO[MO-2965850], P[P04804708]), 1954 (G[G00420836], MO[MO-2966189], P[P04804740], TAN), 1985 (G[G00420849], K, MO[MO-2966190], P[P05510101], TAN), 2351 (P[P04804709]); Manjato, N. 412 (G[G386053/4], P[P01059778]); McPherson, G. 14478 (P[P04804703]), 16478 (P[P05543676]), 16481 (K, MO[MO-3025036], P[P05543677]); Messmer, N. NM 129 (G[G343339/1], K); Miller, J.S. 3337 (K, MO, P[P04804704], WAG[WAG.1578741]); Mocquerys, A. 268 (G); Nek, F. I. van 1788 ( BR [BR0000021450327], G, GH[GH01097254], K, M, MO[MO-2965735], TAN, WAG[WAG.1578529]), 1820 ( BR [BR0000018883374], MO[MO-2965734], WAG[WAG.1810548, WAG.1810547]), 1833 ( MO [MO-2965738], WAG[WAG.1578528]), 1886 ( BR [BR0000018889482], K, M, MO[MO-2965744], WAG[WAG.1578527]), 2122 ( BR [BR0000021450273], G[G00406686], K, M, MO[MO-2965741], WAG[WAG.1578740]); Nicoll, M.F. 223 (K, MO, P[P00513135]); Nusbaumer, L. LN 1663 (G[G00019863], P[P05481891]), LN 1688 (G[G00090078]), LN 1978 (G[G00090335], P[P05481877]), LN 2182 (G[G00074395]), LN 2784 (G[G00181614]); Parker, G.W. s.n. (K); Perrier de la Bâthie, H. 413 (P[P05604390, P05604392]), 422 (P[P05604387, P05604388, P05604391]), 1677 (P[P00513146, P00513147]), 9561 (P[P00513143, P00513144]), 9635 (P[P00513145]), 9741 (P[P05604377]), 9746 (P[P00513170]), 9815 (P[P04804772]), 9820 (P[P04804778]), 9822 (P[P05604389]), 9875 (P[P04804776]), 9891 (P[P04804521]), 9928 (P[P00513142]), 9934 (P[P00513149]), 9939 (P[P00513150]), 15337 (P[P00536744], US [ US 01287451]), 15371 (K, P[P05604385]), 16180 (P[P05604386]), 18609 (P[P04804777]), 18614 (P[P05604382]), s.n. (P[P04779846]); Pervillé, A. 364 (P[P00536749]); Phillipson, P.B. 1615 ( BR [BR0000021450341], K, MO, P[P00513136], WAG[WAG.1578690]), 2969 (K, MO, P[P00508424]); Rabenantoandro, J. 620 (P[P05604372]); Rajeriarison, Ch. EUPH-6 (P[P04804517]), EUPH-10 (P[P04804487]); Rakoto, R. 4334 (P[P04804761]); Rakotonasolo, F.RNF 2493 ( BR, K[K001036395], MO, TAN); Rakotondrajaona, R. 243 ( BR [BR0000005042425], K, MO[MO-343419], P[P04779591]); Rakotonirina, C.Z. 597 ( MAUAM, MO [MO- 2965860]), 362 ( MAUAM, MO[MO-2965855], P[P 01152833], TAN); Rakotovao, C. 140 (P[P00508423]), 840 (G, MO, TAN), 2409 (P[P05604429]), 2499 ( MO [MO-2966259, MO-2966265], P[P05604436]), 2585 (P[P05604432]), 2718 (P[P05604431]), 2791 (P[P05604374]), 3187 (P[P05604434]), 3216 (G, MO[MO-2966257], P[P05604435]), 4212 (G[G00181237], MO[MO-2965858]), 9680 (P[P04804765]), 10601 (P[P04804771]), 10884 (P[P04804770]), 11300 (P[P04804769]), 11813 (P[P04804768]); Rakotovao 4688-RN (K); Rakotozary, O. 357 (P[P04804774]); Ralimanana, H.RLI 1396 (G, K, MO[MO-2966282], P[P00886878], TAN); Ramarokoto 7724 (P[P04804766]); Ranaivojaona, R. 1038 ( MO [MO-3025034], P[P05572502]); Ranarivelo, H.S. RHS 414 ( CAS, MO[MO-2965732], P[P00887486]); Randriambololomamonjy, O. 272 ( MO [MO-2966264], P[P05510090]); Randrianaivo, R. 41 ( MAUAM, MO[MO-2967239], P[P00513129], TAN), 2096 ( MO, P[P 01061044]); Randrianarivelo, C. 433 (P[P05604430]); Randrianasolo, A. 1574 ( MAUAM, MO[MO-2965829], P[P01199974], TAN); Randriatsivery, M.F. 423 (G[G386484/4], P[P01059876]); Rasamison 12688 (P[P04804763]); Rasoafaranaivo, M.H. 53 ( MO [MO-3025037], TAN); Rasoanaivo 121 (G[G386602/3], P[P01059890]); Ravelonarivo, D. 2092 (P[P05604428]), 2278 ( MO [MO-3025032], P[P05510093]); Ravololomanana, N. 331 ( MO, P[P01060800]); Razafimandimbison, S. 1900 (S[S17-49213]); Razafindrahaja, V. 233 ( MAUAM, MO[MO-2965859], P[P 01152831], TAN); Razafitsalama, L. J. 202 (G, MO[MO-2966258], P[P04779321]); Razakamalala, R. 2411 (P[P06490052]), 2859 (P[P04804775]), 3261 (P[P05604426]), 3442 (P[P05510220]), 4454 ( MO [MO-2965753], P[P00722363], TAN), 4843 ( MAUAM, MO[MO-2967238], TAN), 6132 ( MO [MO-3025028], P[P 01152837], TAN), 6986 ( MO, P[P01197645]); Razanajatovo, M.H. MHR 064 (G[G00170089]); Razanatsoa, J. 260 (K, MO[MO-2965851], P[P 01152839]); Réserves Naturelles Madagascar 1279 RN (P[P00513137, P00513138, P00513139]), 3384 (P[P04804762]); Richard, M. 186 (P[P04804486]), 222 (P[P04804504, P04804505]), 281 (P[P04804489]), 385 (P[P00536750, P04779454]); Schatz, G.E. 3421 (P [P 00508421]); Schlieben, H. J. 8236 (B, BR[BR0000021450358], G, K); Seigler, D.S. DS-12899 (P[P04804735]); Service Forestier 2403-SP (P[P04804731]); Service Forestier 2409 (P[P04804737]); Service Forestier 25166 (P[P04804736]); Seyrig, A. 81 (P[P05547035]), 358 (P[P04804732]); Tahinarivony, A.J. TAJ 115 (G[G00180802], P[P04786271]); Trigui, S.M. SMT 147 (G[G00170101]), SMT 150 (G[G00170102]), SMT 258 (G[G00170105], P[P05547997]); van der Werff, H. 13671 (K, MO[MO-2965819], P[P05510109]); Viguier, R. 611 (P[P05604437, P05604440, P05604441]), 793 (P[P04804518, P04804519, P04804520]), 986 (P[P00513175, P00513176, P00513177]), 1135 (P[P00513173, P04804513, P04804514]), 1349 (G, P[P04804733]), 1847 (P[P00513140, P00513141]); Waterlot, M. 632 (P[P04804734]); Wen, J.9502 ( MO [MO-2965755], P[P05547184], US [ US 00945400]); Wohlhauser, S. SW 60032 (P[P00513124]), SW60031 (G[G336516/1]).

REFERENCES. — Müller Argoviensis (1866: 260, 852) as A. reticulata var. goudotiana and A. reticulata var. urophylla ; Baron (1889: 262); Baillon (1891: 189); Baillon (1892: 1004); De Candolle (1901: 567); Palacký (1907: 25 as A. goudotiana , 26); Pax & Hoffmann (1924: 105, 260) as A. reticulata var. goudotiana and A. reticulata var. urophylla ; Leandri (1942: 258, 260, 262) as A. reticulata var. goudotiana and A. reticulata var. urophylla ; Leandri (1942: 267) as A. reticulata var. meiodonta ; Leandri (1942: 281) as A. emirnensis ; Leandri (1948: 186) as A. reticulata var. goudotiana ; Govaerts et al. (2000: 62, 63, 100, 105, 108); Montero Muñoz et al. (2018a: 110).

DESCRIPTION

Sprawling shrubs, leaf persistence unknown, to 4(-6) m tall, sparsely branched, monoecious. Branches more or less flexuous, puberulent with simple, short, appressed, curved, antrorse trichomes, sometimes also with erect trichomes to 0.7 mm long, glabrescent when mature. Axillary buds ovoid, to 0.5 × 1 mm, perulate, perules 2, valvate, membranous, dark brown, glabrous. Stipules to 3 mm long, linear-lanceolate, sparsely hairy, margin with minute, glandular trichomes. Petioles 1-1.5(-3) cm long, indumentum similar to that on young branches. Leaf blades (4-)5-7.5(-10)[-11] × (1.5-) 2-3.5 cm, usually ovate-lanceolate to elliptic-lanceolate, sometimes oblong-lanceolate, membranous to subchartaceous; base rounded to subcordate, sometimes acute; apex usually acuminate, sometimes acute, acumen to 25 mm long, acute, mucronate; margin usually crenulate to crenulate-denticulate, sometimes serrulate, teeth obtuse, slightly callose-edged; upper and lower surfaces laxly pubescent with sparse, simple, erect trichomes, especially on veins, glabrescent; venation pinnate, secondary veins c. 14 per side. Stipels glandular, to 0.3 mm long, glabrous. Inflorescences spiciform, androgynous, male, and solitary female bracts, axillary. Androgynous inflorescences to 6 cm long, mostly male with 1 female bract, sessile; rachis sparsely hairy with simple, short trichomes. Male segment persistent, to 5.5 cm long; flowers glomerate; bracts to 0.6 mm long, ovate-triangular, sparsely hairy. Female segment: bract 1, sessile, enlarging in fruit to 4 × 5.5 mm (sometimes 4 × 7 mm or 6 × 5 mm), triangular to elliptic, sparsely hairy, glabrescent, ciliate; margin crenate to dentate, teeth 7-10, central tooth sometimes slightly prominent; bracteoles absent. Male inflorescences to 6.5(-12 or very rarely 18) cm long; peduncle to 3 mm long, sparsely hairy with simple, short trichomes. Solitary female bracts sessile, similar to those of androgynous inflorescences. Male flowers: pedicel to 0.7 mm long, sparsely hairy; buds to 0.7 mm diameter, sparsely hairy, papillose. Female flowers 1 per bract, sessile; sepals 3, to 0.3 mm long, triangular-lanceolate, sparsely hairy; ovary c. 1 mm diameter, 3-lobed, papillose, papillae minute, surface hispid with simple trichomes to 1 mm long; styles 3, to 7 mm long, distinct, sparsely hairy with simple, long trichomes to 1 mm long, each divided into c. 15 segments. Allomorphic flowers not seen. Capsules to 3 mm diameter, papillose, papillae slender, to 0.8 mm long, surface pubescent with simple trichomes to 1 mm long. Seeds not seen.

NOTE

Acalypha urophylla has been considered to be a variety of A. reticulata (the correct name for which is A. filiformis ), but A. urophylla can be distinguished by its sessile female bracts with dentate margins vs pedicellate female bracts with crenate to subentire margins in A. filiformis (see notes in A. filiformis ). See notes under A. gracilipes , A. lamiana and A. pervilleana for the differences between those species and A. urophylla .

Figures

FIG. 69. — A, Acalypha nusbaumeri I.Montero & Cardiel (photo by L. Nusbaumer, L. Nusbaumer LN1169); B, A. pervilleana Baill. (photo by L. Gillespie,L. Gillespie 10649); C, A. perrieri Leandri (photo by L. Gillespie, L. Gillespie 10835); D, A. radula Baker (photo by L. Gillespie, L. Gillespie 10758); E, A. rottleroides Baill. (photo by L. Nusbaumer, L. Nusbaumer 1933); F, A. spachiana Baill. (photo by L. Gillespie, L. Gillespie 10856); G, A. tremula I.Montero & Cardiel (photo by R. Randrianaivo, R. Randrianaivo 1160); H, A. urophylla Boivin ex Baill. (photo by L. Nusbaumer, L. Nusbaumer LN1663).

FIG. 73. — Mature female bracts:A, Acalypha spachiana Baill. (H. Humbert 19791); B, A. tremula I.Montero & Cardiel (R. Randrianaivo et al. 1160); C, A. urophylla Boivin ex Baill. (J. Goudot s.n.); D, A. urophylla (J. M. Hildebrandt 2914); E, F, A. urophylla (S. Malcomber 1746); G, A. vulneraria Baill. (F. Randriatafika 812); H, A. wilkesiana Müll.Arg. (Sagun et al. 2010; Sagun & Risna SR50). Illustration by Iris Montero Muñoz. Scale bars: 1 mm.

FIG. 70. — Distribution map of Acalypha urophylla Boivin ex Baill.in Madagascar.