Kalliapseudes (Mesokalliapseudes) macsweenyi, Drumm, David T., 2003

Drumm, David T., 2003, Kalliapseudes (Mesokalliapseudes) macsweenyi, a new species of Kalliapseudidae (Crustacea: Tanaidacea: Apseudomorpha) from mangroves in Florida, Zootaxa 357, pp. 1-12 : 2-11

Kalliapseudes (Mesokalliapseudes) macsweenyi n. sp. ( Figs 1–5 )

Kalliapseudes aliciae: Messing and Dodge, 1997: 3 , 8, 18, 26, 28 (nomen nudum). Kalliapseudes sp. A: McSweeny, 1968: 28 –40, figs. 1–7; Rakocinski et al., 1991: 693; 1996 et al.: 351; 1997 et al.: 1290; 1998 et al.: 358; 2000 et al.: 24, 27.

Material examined

Holotype.— 1 non­ovigerous female (body length 4.5 mm), USNM 1016972, tidal creek draining mangrove habitat but running parallel to beach; fine sand and shell bottom, 0.5 m depth, Whiskey Creek, John U. Lloyd State Park, Dania Beach, FL, 26º05' N, 80º06' W, September 1992.

Paratypes.— Allotype, 1 mature male (body length 3.9 mm), USNM 1016973, same locality as holotype. 5 non­ovigerous females, 5 adult males, USNM 1016974, same locality as holotype.

Additional material.— 5 ovigerous females, 10 non­ovigerous females, 10 adult males, USNM 101675, same locality as holotype.

Diagnosis

Kalliapseudes (Mesokalliapseudes) with rounded rostrum; eye­lobes present, eyes absent; pereonites 2–5 rectangular; fourth peduncular antennal article with smooth and blunt triangular projection.

Description of non­ovigerous female holotype

Body ( Fig. 1 A). 4.5 mm long, about 6 times longer than broad.

Cephalothorax ( Fig. 1 A). Approximately as long as broad, subdivided by distinct grooves. Sparsely pigmented. 1 small pair of mid­lateral setae and 1 longer posterolateral pair.

Pereonites ( Fig. 1 A). Pereonites 4 and 5 longest, subequal in length, rectangular in shape, about 1.6 times as long as pereonite 6, with setae on anterior and posterior corners.

Pleon ( Fig. 1 A). Slightly longer than last 4 pereonites combined. Pleonites equal in length, with rounded epimera, provided with numerous plumose setae and 1 long simple seta. Ventral surface with hyposphenians on all pleonites. Pleotelson ( Fig. 1 A, 4D) little shorter than 3 posterior pleonites combined, anterolateral margins rounded, narrowing posteriorly to a gently rounded tip; with simple setae on anterolateral, mid­dorsolateral, dorsoposterior and posterior margins; with 2 posterior broom setae and 2 long plumose setae on either side of rounded tip.

Antennule ( Fig. 1 B). First peduncular article long and robust, about 2 times as long as second and third articles combined, with broom setae on outer margin and simple setae on outer and inner margins. Second and third peduncular articles with simple setae distally. Fourth peduncular article with projection at junction with inner flagellum and bearing 1 simple seta on projection. Inner flagellum of 3 articles with 3 terminal simple setae on last article. Outer flagellum of 9 articles, with 1 aesthetasc each on articles 4, 5, and 7 and 4 terminal simple setae on last article.

Antenna ( Fig. 1 C). Second peduncular article with medial extension bearing 5 distal plumose setae and short setules around margin. Third article with articulated squama bearing 4 distal simple setae. Fourth article with a ventromedial, smooth, blunt triangular projection. Fifth article as long as succeeding 3 articles combined, with broom and simple setae on outer margin. First flagellar article outer margin with 1 broom seta and 1 long and 1 short simple distal seta, inner margin with numerous simple setae. Next 3 articles with simple distal setae. Fifth flagellar article naked. Last article with 5 terminal simple setae.

Labrum ( Fig. 1 D). Hair­like setae on anterior, lateral and ventral margins.

Labium ( Fig. 1 E). Distal margin and ventral surface provided with hair­like setae; posteroventral and ventrolateral surface with short setae arranged in crescentic rows (microtrichs). Palp with long hair­like setae on margins.

Mandibles ( Fig. 1 F–H). Right mandible with 5­dentate incisor process. Left mandible with 7­dentate incisor process and 5­dentate lacinia mobilis. Both mandibles have a spine row with 4 serrate stiletto­shaped spines issuing from a long peduncle, molar process with longitudinal masticatory ridges, and 1­segmented palp with row of long plumose setae.

Maxillule ( Fig. 2 A, B). Inner endite bearing 4 terminally setulate setae and dense row of hair­like setae on outer face. Outer endite with 6 terminal toothed spiniform setae, 4 naked spiniform setae, 1 very short naked spiniform seta and 2 subterminal serrate setae. Long hair­like setae on outer face.

Maxilla ( Fig. 2 C). Inner endite with long row of plumose setae and posterior row of 2 apically serrate setae. Fixed endite with 4 toothed spiniform setae on inner half of distal margin, several serrate setae on outer half of distal margin, and 1 short serrate seta on posterior face. Inner lobe of moveable endite with several simple­blunt setae and a few serrate setae; outer lobe with 3 serrate and 2 large plumodenticulate (proximal setules and distal denticles) setae. Outer margin with dense row of long hair­like setae; anterior and posterior faces with several rows of microtrichs.

Maxilliped ( Fig. 2 D,E). Basal article fringed with row of plumose setae along outer margin. Palp 4­segmented; first article with 3 simple setae along outer margin; last 3 articles with double row of long plumose setae on inner margin; distalmost article with 3 distal simple setae. Endite with row of pappose setae on vertical edge, numerous long hairlike setae on distal and lateral margins, and 2 coupling hooks.

Epignath ( Fig. 2 F). Bearing short, setose posterior spine and setose round anterior lobe.

Cheliped ( Fig. 2 G–I). Basis with 1 long, simple posterodistal seta. Merus short with 1 long, simple distal seta. Carpus about 2.5 times longer than broad, with double row of long plumose setae. Propodus narrow, with diagonal row of long plumose setae on inner face; fixed finger two­thirds length of dactylus with distal, serrate spine and distal seta; cutting edge of fixed finger with 3 serrate spines on distal third interspersed with setae, and row of short teeth proximally; palm with numerous serrate setae on inner face, and numerous simple setae on outer face, both of varying lengths. Dactylus with 1 long simple seta at base and 1 simple seta midway on inner face, cutting edge with 5 curved, serrate spines interspersed with short teeth, with distal claw.

Pereopod I ( Fig. 3 A). Fossorial, very robust. Basis with few simple setae and 1 serrate seta at posterodistal margin; proximal anterior margin with large conical process with sclerotized tip. Ischium short and naked. Merus nearly same size and shape as basis, with several simple setae on posterior margin, 1 naked spiniform seta on posterodistal margin, and 2 small simple setae on anterodistal margin. Carpus about one­quarter length of merus, with 2 posterodistal and 1 anterodistal spine, and several simple setae. Propodus about same length as merus, with 3 posterodistal serrate spiniform setae, 1 anterodistal serrate and 1 short naked anterodistal spine, and several simple setae. Sensory organ twice as long as broad, with numerous long terminal aesthetascs.

Pereopods II and III ( Fig. 3 B,C). Nearly identical to each other, differing only in number of setae. Propodus about one­quarter length of basis, with 1 anterodistal serrate spine and 1 long anterodistal simple seta. Dactylus + unguis as long as basis, with small sensory organ near base, with several terminal aesthetascs.

Pereopods IV and V ( Fig. 3 D, E). Nearly identical to each other; differing only in number of setae and longer propodal spines of pereopod V. Basis stout with broom setae on posterior margin. Merus, carpus and propodus each with row of short, hair­like setae on anterior margin. Propodus with large proximal broom seta on dorsal margin, terminating in long, naked spiniform setae increasing in length posteriorly. Sensory organ almost four times as long as broad, with numerous terminal aesthetascs.

Pereopod VI ( Fig. 4 A). Basis longer than ischium, merus and carpus combined, with 2 long anteroproximal and posterodistal plumose setae. Ischium with 1 long simple seta on anterior margin. Carpus with several simple setae on anterior margin and posterodistal face. Propodus with 6 long naked spiniform setae and 14 shorter serrate spiniform setae. Dactylus long, narrow and curved, tip bifid.

Pleopods ( Fig. 4 B). Protopod with 3 plumose setae on inner margin and short hair­like setae on outer margin. Endopodite with numerous plumose setae on distal margin. Exopodite 2­segmented; first article short with 1 plumose seta on outer margin; second article with numerous plumose setae.

Uropods ( Fig. 4 C). Exopodite with 3 articles; first article very short and rounded; last article with 3 long, terminal simple setae. Endopodite of right uropod with 18 articles, that of left uropod with 17.

Description of terminal adult male (allotype)

Similar to female except for the following:

Body. Length 3.9 mm; ventral surface of pereonites 2 and 3 and all pleonites bearing hyposphenians. Genital cone on ventral surface of pereonite 6.

Antennule ( Fig. 5 A). Second peduncular article with 2 short and 1 long distal broom setae on outer margin. Inner flagellum with 2 articles. Outer flagellum with numerous aesthetascs.

Antenna ( Fig. 5 B). Similar to that of female but with 3 short teeth adjacent to triangular projection of fourth peduncular article.

Cheliped ( Fig. 5 C). Much more robust than in female. Propodus inflated, with row of inner plumose setae shorter and fewer than in female; fixed finger narrowing distally and sharply angled at mid­point, with several simple setae just distal to angle; cutting edge smooth. Dactylus with blunt tooth just proximal to claw; cutting edge smooth proximal to tooth.

Geographical distribution

Known from Whiskey Creek, a tidal mangrove creek in Dania Beach (type locality), Key Biscayne, at Bear Cut, Soldier Key; 0.7 km east of the Rickenbacker Causeway toll gate, on south side and Tampa Bay, all Florida; northern Gulf of Mexico (Florida and Mississippi districts).

Discussion

Kalliapseudes (Mesokalliapseudes) macsweenyi can be distinguished from K. (M.) crassus by its rounded rostrum, and can be distinguished from the other 3 members of the subgenus by: the shape of the pereonites and the length of the fixed finger of the female cheliped being two­thirds the length of the dactylus. In the other species except K. crassus , the fixed finger is one­half or less the length of the dactylus. Pereonites 2–6 of K. (M.) viridis and K. (M.) soniadawnae have anterolateral triangular extensions, and pereonites 4 and 5 of K. (M.) bahamensis are trapezoidal in shape. K. (M.) macsweenyi is unique in having a smooth, blunt triangular projection arising from the fourth peduncular antennal article. K. (M.) crassus and K. (M.) viridis have a serrated projection.

Kalliapseudes (Mesokalliapseudes) macsweenyi is clearly conspecific with Kalliapseudes sp. A sensu McSweeny, 1968 (unpublished Master’s thesis). The only difference is in the number of setae on the appendages. However, the numbers are not significant enough to warrant separate species status because the number of setae is variable even in the same specimen (between right and left appendages).

The number of articles in the outer flagellum of the antennule and antenna and in the uropodal endopodite increases with size as do the number of spines on the cutting edges of the fixed finger and dactylus. One non­ovigerous female 4.8 mm in length had 10 articles in the outer flagellum of the antennule, while an adult male 3.7 mm in length had 8 articles. One non­ovigerous female 5.0 mm in length had 21 articles in the uropodal endopodite. One non­ovigerous female 5.2 mm in length had 7 spines on the cutting edge of the dactylus, and 6 spines on the cutting edge of the fixed finger.

The antenna of Kalliapseudes sp. has a five­articulated peduncle, the last article being long with numerous, long setae ( Guţu 2001). The first article of K. (M.) macsweenyi is very short and is often torn or lost during dissection, and therefore is not shown in fig. 1 C. McSweeny (1968) stated that the smooth, blunt triangular projection comes off the first flagellar article, but in reality it comes off the fourth peduncular article. This article seems to be coming off the middle portion of the third peduncular article in K. (M.) macsweenyi , as Menzies (1953) illustrated for K. (M.) viridis and Sieg (1982) illustrated for K. (M.) bahamensis .

Figures

FIGURE 1. Kalliapseudes (Mesokalliapseudes) macsweenyi n. sp., female holotype: (a) body, dorsal view; (b) antennule; (c) antenna; (d) labrum; (e) right half of labium; (f) right mandible; (g) left mandible; (h) enlargement of incisor process and lacinia mobilis of left mandible. (Scales: a – 1 mm; b, c, d, f, g – 0.1 mm; h – 0.01 mm).

FIGURE 3. Kalliapseudes (Mesokalliapseudes) macsweenyi n. sp., female holotype: (a) pereopod I; (b) pereopod II; (c) pereopod III; (d) pereopod IV; (e) pereopod V. (Scales: a – e – 0.1 mm).

FIGURE 4. Kalliapseudes (Mesokalliapseudes) macsweenyi n. sp., female holotype: (a) pereopod VI; (b) pleopod; (c) proximal portion of uropod; (d) pleotelson. (Scales: a, b, c – 0.1 mm; d – 0.2 mm).

FIGURE 5. Kalliapseudes (Mesokalliapseudes) macsweenyi n. sp., male allotype: (a) antennule; (b) antenna; (c) cheliped, outer view. (Scales: a, b – 0.1 mm; c – 0.2 mm).