Triphyllozoon arcuatum ( MacGillivray, 1889 )

Almeida, Ana C. S., Souza, Facelucia B. C., Menegola, Carla & Vieira, Leandro M., 2017, Diversity of marine bryozoans inhabiting demosponges in northeastern Brazil, Zootaxa 4290 (2), pp. 281-323 : 312

Triphyllozoon arcuatum ( MacGillivray, 1889)

( Figs. 81–83 )

Retepora monilifera form arcuata MacGillivray, 1889: 29.

Triphyllozoon arcuatum: Almeida et al., 2015a: 2 , figs. 2–17 (cum syn.).

Material examined. UFBA 1612 , UFBA 2399 , Camamu Bay, 13°53’S, 38°59’W, 18–20 m, coll. October 2012 (on sponge Tedania ignis ).

Remarks. Triphyllozoon arcuatum has erect robust, thickly calcified, lace-like colonies ( Fig. 81 ), autozooids with low peristome and peristomial avicularia, frontal avicularia either small and round and/or large and oval ( Fig. 82 ), large columnar avicularia, and a globose ovicell with sutures varying from arcuate to trifoliate with a short distal limb ( Fig. 83 ) ( Almeida et al. 2015a). Triphyllozoon arcuatum was recently recorded in the Western Atlantic for the first time, being recognized as a non-indigenous species to the area ( Almeida et al. 2015a). Specimens of T. arcuatum here examined were found associated with the rugose-textured sponges Tedania ignis ( Fig. 12 ). Triphyllozoon species are frequently found associated with other invertebrates, including the demosponges Tedania ignis and Dysidea etheria , and the calcareous sponge Clathrina sp. in Bahia State (for more information see Almeida et al. 2015a).

Distribution. Indo-Pacific: South Australia, Northern Territory and Singapore. ( Hayward 1999; Tilbrook & Gordon 2015). Atlantic: Brazil (Pernambuco and Bahia) ( Almeida et al. 2015a).

Figures

FIGURES 78 – 83. 78 – 80. Turbicellepora iarae n. sp., UFBA 1185, holotype, Bahia State, Brazil. 78, Overview of encrusting colony; 79, Close-up of autozooids showing marginal pores, primary orifice with condyles, and tubular secondary orifice; 80, Close-up of zooids showing immersed porous ovicell. 81 – 83. Triphyllozoon arcuatum, UFBA 1184. 81, Overview of erect lace-like colony; 82, Detail of primary orifice and peristomial avicularia; 83, Detail of ovicelled zooid. Scale bars: 78 = 500 µm; 79 – 80, 81 = 200 µm; 82 = 50 µm; 83 = 100 µm.

FIGURES 8 – 12. Some rugose-textured sponges analyzed in the study. Arrows indicate the bryozoan attached to the sponges. 8, Bubaris sp.; 9, Mycale angulosa; 10, Petrosia (Petrosia) weinbergi; 11, Spongosorites sp.; 12, Tedanias ignis. Scale bars: 1 cm.