Dicerapanorpa, Zhong & Hua, 2013:, 1021

Hu, Gui-Lin & Hua, Bao-Zhen, 2020, Review of the scorpionfly genus Dicerapanorpa Zhong & Hua (Mecoptera: Panorpidae), with descriptions of two new species, European Journal of Taxonomy 711 (711), pp. 1-13 : 9-11

Key to species of Dicerapanorpa (males)

(updated from Hu et al. 2019c)

1. Wings yellowish with distinct dark brown markings, apical band broad, enclosing a large hyaline window; pterostigmal band complete, with a broad basal branch and a separated narrow distal branch; basal band complete, across the wing or slightly reduced; rostrum with indistinct black longitudinal stripes ............................................................................................................................ 2

– Wings hyaline with indistinct markings, apical, pterostigmal and basal bands extremely reduced; rostrum with two distinct black longitudinal stripes ......................................................................... 6

2. Basal branch of paramere not reaching apex of ventral valve of aedeagus; mesal branch short, not reaching median tooth of gonostylus ................................................................................................ 3

– Basal branch of paramere nearly reaching apex of ventral valve of aedeagus; mesal branch slender and elongated, extending to median tooth of gonostylus ........ D. baiyunshana Zhong & Hua, 2013

3. Mesal branches of paramere curved convergently, more than twice the length of basal branches .... ........................................................................................................................................................... 4

– Mesal branches of paramere parallel, nearly twice the length of basal branches ............................... ............................................................................................... D. shennongensis Zhong & Hua, 2013

4. Basal branch of paramere shorter, less than half the length of lateral branch; ventral valve of aedeagus broad and short ................................................................................................................................. 5

– Basal branch of paramere longer, more than half the length of lateral branch; ventral valve of aedeagus narrow and long .......................................................... D. hualongshana Hu & Hua, 2019

5. Genital bulb narrow and elliptical; basal branch of paramere straight or curved nearly perpendicularly ............................................................................................. D. magna (Chou, 1981)

– Genital bulb broad and spherical; basal branch of paramere hook-shaped ........................................ ............................................................................................................ D. minshana Hu & Hua, 2019

6. Hypovalve narrow basally and greatly broadened distally ............................................................... 7

– Hypovalve not markedly broadened distally .................................................................................. 12

7. Hypovalve round apically ................................................................................................................. 8

– Hypovalve truncated apically .................................................... D. stotzneri ( Esben-Petersen, 1934)

8. Basal process of gonostylus broadened and thickened ..................................................................... 9

– Basal process of gonostylus narrow and long, pointed distally .......................................................11

9. Hypovalve not curved inward at apex ............................................................................................ 10

– Hypovalve curved inward at apex; all branches of paramere exceeding apex of gonocoxite; basal branch straight, mesal and lateral branches greatly curved inward .................................................... ........................................................................................................ D. tenuis Hu, Wang & Hua, 2019

10. Genital bulb slender and elliptical; all branches of paramere broadened basally and narrowed distally, reaching or exceeding basal process of gonostylus; lateral branch slightly curved inward; aedeagus narrow ............................................................................................... D. diceras (MacLachlan, 1894)

– Genital bulb broad and spherical; basal branch of paramere very short; mesal branch tapering toward apex, reaching median tooth of gonostylus; lateral branches curved perpendicularly, convergent at basal two-thirds and parallel at apical one-third, extending over median tooth of gonostylus, aedeagus broad ................................................................................ D. tanae Hu, Wang & Hua, 2019

11. Dorsal valves of aedeagus narrow and sharply angular at apex; lateral branch of paramere convergent apically, reaching basal process of gonostylus ................................. D. luojishana Hu & Hua, 2019

– Dorsal valves of aedeagus broad and rounded at apex; lateral branch of paramere curved semicircularly at basal two-thirds, nearly parallel at distal one-third, extending far beyond basal process of gonostylus ......................................................................................... D. lativalva Hu & Hua, 2019

12. Paramere trifurcated with basal branch short or long ..................................................................... 13

– Paramere bifurcated with basal branch absent; mesal branches convergent distally, reaching median tooth of gonostylus; lateral branch conspicuously sinuated toward dorsal side, intersected apically; dorsal valves of aedeagus divergent apically, reaching apex of gonocoxite ...... D. bifurcata sp. nov.

13. Basal branch of paramere extremely short, less than one-third the length of mesal branch, straight or hooked ............................................................................................................................................. 14

– Basal branch of paramere more than one-third the length of mesal branch, straight or curved ..... 15

14. Wings hyaline without markings; hypovalve not exceeding basal process of gonostylus; basal branch of paramere hooked, mesal branches slightly curved basally and nearly parallel distally; lateral branches curved semi-circularly ............................................. D. kimminsi (Carpenter, 1948)

– Wings hyaline with incomplete black pterostigma and apical bands; hypovalve elongated, extending beyond basal process of gonostylus; basal branches of paramere straight, mesal branches curved semi-circularly basally and convergent apically, lateral branches sinuated toward dorsal side ......... .......................................................................................................................... D. zhengkuni sp. nov.

15. Ventral valve of aedeagus not extending to apex of gonocoxite. ................................................... 16

– Ventral valve of aedeagus reaching apex of gonocoxite ................................................................. 18

16. Hypovalve extending to apex of gonocoxite .................................................................................. 17

– Hypovalve not reaching apex of gonocoxite; basal branches of paramere parallel; mesal branches convergent apically, extending to basal process of gonostylus; lateral branches slightly curved ...... ......................................................................................................... D. triclada (Qian & Zhou, 2001)

17. Basal branch of paramere elongated, exceeding basal process of gonostylus; mesal branches straight and parallel, reaching median tooth of gonostylus; lateral branch straight, not reaching apex of gonocoxite .................................................................................... D. macula Hu, Wang & Hua, 2019

– Basal branch of paramere not reaching basal process of gonostylus; mesal branches straight, intersected distally, exceeding median tooth of gonostylus; lateral branches convergent distally, reaching basal process of gonostylus ............................. D. zhongdianensis Hu, Wang & Hua, 2019

18. Lateral branch of paramere not bifurcated ...................................................................................... 19

– Lateral branch of paramere bifurcated distally; basal branch nearly reaching apex of gonocoxite; mesal branches slightly curved basally and parallel distally, exceeding median tooth of gonostylus ................................................................................................................. D. tjederi (Carpenter, 1938)

19. Terminal emargination of epandrium shallow and rounded; basal branch of paramere nearly as long as lateral branch, reaching apex of gonocoxite; mesal branch elongated, extending to median tooth of gonostylus .......................................................................... D. deqenensis Hu, Wang & Hua, 2019

– Terminal emargination of epandrium deep and trapezoidal; basal branch of paramere curved inward basally and parallel distally, not reaching apex of gonocoxite; mesal and lateral branches convergent apically, reaching basal process of gonostylus ....................................... D. yijunae Hu & Hua, 2019