Pholcus xiuyan Zhao, Zheng & Yao, 2023
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publication ID |
https://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1156.98331 |
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publication LSID |
lsid:zoobank.org:pub:CF00C07F-11E0-4D1C-957A-0B5EF9B2D552 |
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persistent identifier |
https://treatment.plazi.org/id/5583C31D-4B7E-4C42-8A34-20BB8663778F |
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taxon LSID |
lsid:zoobank.org:act:5583C31D-4B7E-4C42-8A34-20BB8663778F |
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treatment provided by |
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scientific name |
Pholcus xiuyan Zhao, Zheng & Yao |
| status |
sp. nov. |
22. Pholcus xiuyan Zhao, Zheng & Yao sp. nov.
Figs 3 View Figure 3 , 4 View Figure 4
Remarks.
This new species is assigned to the Pholcus phungiformes group by the following combination of characters: the male chelicerae with frontal apophyses (arrow fa in Fig. 4D View Figure 4 ), the male palpal tibia with a prolatero-ventral projection (Fig. 3A View Figure 3 ), the procursus with dorsal spines (arrows in Fig. 3D View Figure 3 ), the uncus with a “pseudo-appendix” (arrow 2 in Fig. 4C View Figure 4 ), and the epigyne with a knob (Fig. 4A View Figure 4 ).
Type material.
Holotype: ♂ (SYNU-Ar00251), Jiaxigou (40°15.200'N, 122°54.567'E, 318 m), Taipingling Village, Shihuiyao Town, Xiuyan County, Anshan, Liaoning, China, 13 July 2022, G Zheng, L Xiang & N Li leg. Paratypes: 1♂ (SYNU-Ar00252) and 2♀ (SYNU-Ar00253, Ar00254), same data as for the holotype.
Etymology.
The specific name refers to the type locality; noun in apposition.
Diagnosis.
The new species resembles P. brevis Yao & Li, 2012 ( Yao and Li 2012: 12, figs 39A-D, 40A-E, 41A-D, 42A-D) with similar bulbal apophyses (Fig. 4C View Figure 4 ) and epigynal plate (Fig. 4A View Figure 4 ), but it can be easily distinguished by the procursus with a sclerotized dorsal protrusion (arrow 2 in Fig. 3C; a View Figure 3 flat dorsal sclerite in P. brevis ), the strong male cheliceral frontal apophyses (arrow fa in Fig. 4D View Figure 4 ; frontal apophyses indistinct in P. brevis ), the epigyne with a pair of lateral protrusions (arrow in Fig. 4A View Figure 4 ; absent in P. brevis ), the wavy vulval anterior arch (Fig. 4B View Figure 4 ; slightly curved anterior arch in P. brevis ), and the male clypeus without frontal apophysis (Fig. 4E View Figure 4 ; present in P. brevis ); also distinguished from all of its known congeners in Xiuyan County by the following combination of characters: the procursus with sclerotized, raised prolateral edge bearing a spine-shaped distal apophysis (arrow 1 in Fig. 3C View Figure 3 ) and a sclerotized dorsal protrusion (arrow 2 in Fig. 3C View Figure 3 ), the semitransparent “pseudo-appendix” (arrow 2 in Fig. 4C View Figure 4 ), the strong male cheliceral frontal apophyses (arrow fa in Fig. 4D View Figure 4 ), the epigyne with a pair of lateral protrusions (arrow in Fig. 4A View Figure 4 ), and the wavy vulval anterior arch (Fig. 4B View Figure 4 ).
Description.
Male (holotype, SYNU-Ar00251): total length 6.60 (6.73 with clypeus), prosoma 2.00 long, 2.15 wide, opisthosoma 4.60 long, 1.88 wide. Leg I: 49.82 (12.37, 0.91, 12.63, 20.90, 3.01), leg II: 34.84 (9.62, 0.85, 8.78, 13.65, 1.94), leg III: 19.07 (7.40, 0.73, 6.22, 3.33, 1.39), leg IV: 33.13 (9.62, 0.80, 8.46, 12.69, 1.56); tibia I L/d: 66. Eye interdistances and diameters: PME-PME 0.29, PME 0.17, PME-ALE 0.06, AME-AME 0.08, AME 0.11. Sternum width/length:1.43/1.08. Habitus as in Fig. 4E, F View Figure 4 . Dorsal shield of prosoma yellowish, with brown radiating marks and marginal brown bands; ocular area yellowish, with median and lateral brown bands; clypeus and sternum yellowish, with brown marks. Legs overall yellowish, dark brown on patellae and whitish on distal parts of femora and tibiae, with darker rings on subdistal parts of femora and proximal and subdistal parts of tibiae. Opisthosoma yellowish, with dorsal and lateral black spots. Chelicerae (Fig. 4D View Figure 4 ) with pair of proximo-lateral apophyses, pair of distal apophyses with two teeth each (invisible in frontal view; cf. P. tianmenshan , fig. S20D in Yao et al. 2021), and pair of frontal apophyses.
Palp as in Fig. 3A, B View Figure 3 ; trochanter two times longer than wide, retrolaterally swollen; femur with small retrolatero-proximal protrusion and indistinct ventral protrusion; tibia with prolatero-ventral protrusion; procursus slender, simple proximally but complex distally, with sclerotized, raised prolateral edge bearing spine-shaped distal apophysis (arrow 1 in Fig. 3C View Figure 3 ), sclerotized dorsal protrusion (arrow 2 in Fig. 3C View Figure 3 ), subdistal membranous process (arrow 3 in Fig. 3C View Figure 3 ), and two strong and one slender dorsal spines (arrows in Fig. 3D View Figure 3 ); uncus curved, with scales and semicircular proximal apophysis (arrow 1 in Fig. 4C View Figure 4 ); “pseudo-appendix” short and semitransparent (arrow 2 in Fig. 4C View Figure 4 ); embolus weakly sclerotized, with some transparent distal projections (Fig. 4C View Figure 4 ). Retrolateral trichobothrium of tibia I at 3% proximally; legs with short vertical setae on tibiae, metatarsi, and tarsi; tarsus I with 38 distinct pseudosegments.
Female (paratype, SYNU-Ar00253): habitus as in Fig. 4G, H View Figure 4 . Total length 5.80 (5.96 with clypeus), prosoma 1.72 long, 2.00 wide, opisthosoma 4.08 long, 1.78 wide; tibia I: 10.05; tibia I L/d: 57. Eye interdistances and diameters: PME-PME 0.22, PME 0.15, PME-ALE 0.04, AME-AME 0.06, AME 0.09. Sternum width/length: 1.22/0.94. Coloration generally as in male, except for dark brown clypeus.
Epigyne (Fig. 4A View Figure 4 ) postero-medially strongly curved, with median brown marks, short knob and pair of lateral protrusions (arrow in Fig. 4A View Figure 4 ). Vulva (Fig. 4B View Figure 4 ) with wavy, medially and laterally sclerotized anterior arch and pair of nearly triangular pore plates.
Variation.
Tibia I in paratype male (SYNU-Ar00252): 11.67. Tibia I in another paratype female (SYNU-Ar00254): 9.81.
Natural history.
The species was found on rock walls.
Distribution.
China (Liaoning, type locality; Fig. 1 View Figure 1 ).
No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.