Phylidorea (Phylidorea) multidentata ( Alexander, 1938 )

Podenas, Sigitas & Byun, Sun-Jae Park and Hye-Woo, 2022, Phylidorea crane flies (Diptera: Limoniidae) of Korea, Journal of Species Research 11 (1), pp. 47-60 : 54-56

Phylidorea (Phylidorea) multidentata ( Alexander, 1938)

Limnophila (Phylidorea) subpoetica multidentata Alexander, 1938: 155 .

Phylidorea (Phylidorea) multidentata Oosterbroek, 2021 .

General: Body coloration brown, sparsely dusted with light gray. Male body length 7.3-7.5 mm, female 7.5-9.0 mm, male wing length 7.8-8.5 mm, female 8.0- 9.5 mm.

Head: Gray because of dense pruinosity, narrowly light gray along eye margin, sparsely covered with short, longer dorsally, brownish and yellowish semi-erect setae. Vertex with low wide tubercle, that is marked with narrow blackish medial line. Eyes widely separated in both sexes, distance between them at base of antennae approximately equal length of scape and pedicel taken together. Antenna 2.3-2.8 mm long in male, reaching about middle of third abdominal segment, if bent backwards, 2.0- 3.8 mm in female. Antennal scape dark brown, lighter distally, elongate, nearly cylindrical, sparsely dusted with gray. Pedicel short subglobular, distinctly bicolored, dark brown at base, yellow at apex. Flagellum ( Fig. 4A ) dark brown, covered with dense erect whitish pubescence, base of first flagellomere yellow, bases and apices of succeeding 2-3 flagellomeres narrowly and weakly yellowish. Flagellomeres elongate, six basal flagellomeres slightly dilat- ed ventrally. Verticils dark brown, slightly shorter than length of respective segments. Apical segment very small, much shorter than preceding segment. Rostrum, palpus and mouth parts dark brown.

Thorax: Cervical sclerites dark brown, densely covered with gray pruinosity. Pronotum elongate, widened posteriorly, reddish brown with yellowish posterior margin. Prescutum and presutural scutum semi-polished dark brown, grayish laterally, with very indistinct two or four darker longitudinal stripes, which are visible just at certain angle. Tubercular pits resemble two small black dots at frontal margin of sclerite. Pseudosutural fovea semi-polished, brown. Scutal lobe dark brown dusted with gray, lighter gray laterally. Area separating scutal lobes gray. Scutellum dark brown frontally, densely dusted with gray, yellowish along posterior margin. Mediotergite brownish yellow, darker medially, dusted with gray. Dorsopleural membrane yellowish. Pleuron bluish-gray because of dense pruinosity, except darker brown ventral margin of katepisternum. Episternum setoseless, meron very small, pale-brown. Wing ( Fig. 4B ) iridescent, with brownish tinge, yellowish at base and in costal area. Darker areas surround base of Rs, cord, distal margin of discal cell, vein CuA, sc -r and apex of R 3 at wing margin. Stigma distinct, elongate, brown. Veins brown yellowish at wing base. Venation: Sc long, reaching wing margin slightly before branching point of Rs, sc -r beyond tip of Sc, at branching point of Rs. Radial sector as long as R 3 measured from the base of R 2+3 to the wing margin, angulate and short-spurred at base. Free end of R 1 indistinct, disappearing at wing margin. R 2 missing. R 3 and R 4 diverging, cell r 3 with short stem, which is approximately as long as basal deflection of R 5. Cross-vein r -m long and distinct, at base of discal cell. Discal cell long and narrow, 3.5 times as long as wide. Cell m 1 longer than its stem, basal part of vein M 2 missing in holotype. Cross-vein m -cu slightly before middle of discal cell. Anal vein long, slightly sinuous, apex reaching wing margin before the level of Rs base. Anal lobe long and narrow, widely rounded. Length of male halter 1.2-1.3 mm, that of female 1.2-1.5 mm, stem brownish yellow with widely pale base, knob dark- er brown. Coxae yellow, sparsely dusted with light gray, base of fore coxa brownish. Surface of coxae covered with sparse long yellow setae ventrally and frontally. Trochanters yellow to pale yellow with narrowly blackened apex. Approximately basal third of femur yellow, remaining two-thirds dark brown in darker specimens, half yellow and half dark brown in lighter specimens. Only one studied male, that was collected next day as holotype and in same place, has yellow femora with narrowly darkened tips like in original description. Tibia brownish yellow with narrowly darkened tip. Tarsus dark brown. Tibia of foreleg with single apical spur, tibiae of middle and hind pairs of legs with two apical spurs each. Male femur I: 5.2-5.8 mm long, II: 5.0-6.0 mm, III: 5.5-6.5 mm, tibia I: 5.6-6.5 mm, II: 5.5-6.6 mm, III: 6.2-7.0 mm, tarsus I: 5.3-6.3 mm, II: 5.4-6.8 mm, III: 4.8-5.5 mm. Female femur I: 4.0- 4.2 mm long, II: 4.0- 4.5 mm, III: 4.5-6.2 mm, tibia I: 4.3-5.0 mm, II: 4.0- 4.3 mm, III: 5.0- 5.7 mm, tarsus I: 4.2-4.5 mm, II: 4.8-5.2 mm, III: 4.4-5.5 mm. Claw simple, without spines, dark brown.

Abdomen: Abdominal tergites brown to reddish brown with narrowly gray posterior margin, two basal tergites yellowish. Sternites brownish yellow. Segments covered with comparatively dense short brownish to whitish setae. Female abdomen darker than male, darker brown, sparsely dusted with gray. Genital and pregenital segments dark brown in male. Male terminalia with epandrium distinctly wider than longer, posterior margin with two elongate round apexed lobes medially ( Fig. 4C ). Gonocoxite elongate with large ventro-mesal lobe. Out- er gonostylus long and narrow, rod-shaped, sclerotized, arched distally. Inner gonostylus setose, wider at base, distal part narrow and slightly arched. Paramere arched with laterally extended ventral region. Lateral process of aedeagal sheath short and strongly curved. Aedeagal apodeme shallowly bifid, resembling fish tail. Aedeagus elongate, tube-shaped. Ovipositor ( Fig. 4D ) brownish yellow with yellow to pale yellow tip of cercus. Cercus long and narrow slightly arched, distal part raised upwards, blunt-apexed. Hypovalva reddish brown, narrowly darker along ventral margin, long and narrow, slightly arched at distal end, with few setae at tip, apex rounded.

Elevation range in Korea: From 1,100 m to slightly above 1,800 m.

Period of activity in Korea: From mid-July through early August.

Habitat: Unknown.

General distribution: Endemic to North Korea ( Fig. 6D ).

Examined material: holotype, male (antenna, hind leg, wing and genitalia slide mounted), N. Corea, Chonsani, Paiktusan, alt. 3,800 ft. [1,158 m], July 23, 1937, coll. A. Yankovsky ( USNM); 1 male (pinned) , N. Corea, Chonsani , Paiktusan, alt. 3,700 ft. [1,128 m], July 24, 1937, coll. A. Yankovsky ( USNM); 1 male, 2 females (pinned) , North Korea, Kankyo Nando , Puksu Pyaksan, alt. 5,500 -6,000 ft. [1,676 -1,829 m], July 19, 1939, coll. A. Yankovsky ( USNM); metatype, male (antenna, fore and hind legs, wing and genitalia slide mounted), No. Korea, Kankyo Nando, Puksu Pyaksan, alt. 6,000 ft. [1,829 m], August 3, 1939, coll. A. Yankovsky ( USNM); 2 females, 1 specimen of unclear sex (pinned), North Korea, Kankyo Nando , Puksu Pyaksan, alt. 6,000 ft. [1,829 m], August 5, 1939, coll. A. Yankovsky ( USNM); 2 males (pinned) , North Korea, Kankyo Nando , Puksu Pyaksan, alt. 5,000 ft. [1,524 m], August 9, 1939, coll. A. Yankovsky ( USNM) .

Figures

Fig. 4. Phylidorea (Phylidorea) multidentata (Alexander, 1938). A. antennal flagellum, holotype. B. wing, holotype. C. male genitalia, dorsal view, holotype. D. ovipositor, lateral view. Scale bars 0.5 mm.

Fig. 6. Distribution maps of Korean Phylidorea crane flies.A. P.(Macrolabina) pernigrita. B. P.(Phylidorea) longicornis pietatis. C. P.(P.) melanommata. D. P. (P.) multidentata. E. P.(P.) umbrarum.