Enkianthus perulatus (Miq.) C.K. Schneid

Liang, Hua, Jiang, Lu, Li, Danqi, Yang, Yi, Fan, Dengmei & Zhang, Zhiyong, 2022, A new synonym of Enkianthus perulatus (Ericaceae) in East Asia, based on morphological and molecular evidence, PhytoKeys 214, pp. 61-74 : 61

Enkianthus perulatus (Miq.) C.K. Schneid

Andromeda perulata Miq., Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugduno-Batavi 1: 31. 1863. Basionym. Type: Japan. W. Botanicus 57 (holotype: L-0007044!, Suppl. material 1: fig. S1A).

Enkianthus japonicus Hook. f., Bot. Mag. 96: 5822. 1870. Type: Japan. 1860, R. Alcock s.n. (holotype: K-000780276!). ≡ Enkianthus perulatus var. japonicus (Hook. f.) Nakai, J. Jap. Bot. 12(12): 896. 1936. ≡ Enkianthus perulatus f. japonicus (Hook. f.) Kitam., Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 25: 36. 1972.

Enkianthus taiwanianus - Enkianthus taiwanianus S.S. Ying, Quart. J. Chin. Forest. 9: 145. 1976. Type: China. Taoyuan City, Peichiatienshan, 1976, Ying 5301 (holotype: NTUF-F00006903!; isotype: NTUF-F00008372, NTUF-F00008372, NTUF-F00008372, NTUF-F00008372!). ≡ Enkianthus perulatus var. taiwanianus (S.S. Ying) Y.C. Liu, Tr. Taiwan 514. 1988.

Enkianthus calophyllus - Enkianthus calophyllus T.Z. Hsu, Acta Bot. Yunnan. 7(2): 151-152. 1985. syn. nov. Type: China. Zhejiang: Jingning County, 16 May 1959, S.Y. Zhang 5286 (holotype: PE-00005629!, Suppl. material 1: fig. S1B; isotype: NAS-00063024!, KUN-0001289!).

Description.

Deciduous shrubs up to 3 m tall. Branchlets terete, glabrous. Leaves alternate on young shoots, generally 4-6 crowded at apex of branchlets; petioles 0.5-1.4 cm long; blades papery, oblong, obovate-oblong, rhombic-elliptic or elliptic, 2-5 cm long, 0.8-3.0 cm wide, apex acuminate, mucronate, base attenuate-cuneate or cuneate, margin ciliate, upper surface glabrous except sparsely pubescent on midrib, lower surface villous along lower part of midrib. Inflorescences terminal, umbellate, 1-5-flowered, pendulous. Pedicels 1.0-2.2 cm long, glabrous, reflexed at flowering, straight at fruiting. Bracts lanceolate, white or green, 0.8-1.8 cm long, caducous. Calyx lobes triangular, 2-4 mm long, glabrous, deeply 5-lobed. Corollas urceolate, with distinct basal gibbosities, white, 6-8 mm long, 5-8 mm wide, shallowly 5-lobcd; lobes widely ovate, obtuse, much reflexed. Stamens 10, ca. 2/3 as long as corolla; filaments villous at base, anthers with 2 awns on upper dorsal side. Ovaries glabrous. Capsules erect, oblong, 5-ridged, 5-7 mm long, 3-4 mm wide. Seeds compressed, narrowly oblong, ca. 4 mm long, 1 mm wide, with marginal-like ridges, without distinct wings.

Phenology.

Flowering from April to May; fruiting from May to November.

Distribution and habitat.

Enkianthus perulatus is distributed in China (Zhejiang Fujian, Jiangxi and Taiwan) and Japan (Honshu, Shikoku and Kyushu) (Fig. 1 ). It grows on open rocky slopes, mountain slopes, cliffs, serpentine area, by roadsides or at forest margins at altitudes of 200-1600 m.

Additional specimens examined.

China. Zhejiang: Yueqing City, Yandangshan, 6 April 2015, X.Y. Ye 2015040609 (CSH); ibidem, 20 May 2019, H. Liang LSBZ - 259 (JXAU). Fujian: Taining County, Xinqiao Town, 16 June 1978, G.L. Cai 445 (KUN). Jiangxi : Jinggangshan City , Jinggang Mountains , 15 July 1965, S.K. Lai et al. 4466 (LBG); Lichuan County , Huixianfeng , 20 October 1985, S.K. Lai & D.F. Huang 473 (LBG); ibidem, 16 November 2021, H. Liang 088 (JXAU). Taiwan: Taibei City , Tunlu , 14 April 1935, T. Suzuki 19235 (TAI); Taibei City , Lupeishan , 16 April 1991, Y.B. Cheng & T.S. Hsieh 1202 (TAI); Taoyuan City, Peichatienshan , 28 September 1984, R.T. Li 3532 (TAI); Chiayi City, Alishan , 5 April 1982, Y.F. Chen 4604 (TAI), ibidem, 17 May 1982, Y.F. Chen 4902 (TAI). Japan. Honshu: Wakayama-Prefecture , Ohdaigahara Mountains , 23 May 1925, S. Saito (PE); Shizuoka-Prefecture , Tagata-gun , Sanagi Mountains , 24 April 1952, M. Furuse 24733 (PE); Nagano-Prefecture , Iida-shi , 27 April 1962, M. Furuse 39658 (PE); Aichi-Prefecture , Minami-shitara-gun, 22 April 1978, M. Furuse 12532 (PE); Aichi-Prefecture , Shinshiro-shi , 6 August 1978, M. Furuse 13039 (PE) .

Additional specimens of Enkianthus serrulatus examined.

China. Guangxi: Debao County, 25 April 1977, D. Fang et al. 3-219 (GXMI); Longsheng County, 24 August 2018, H. Liang LSBZ-218 (JXAU); Longlin County, 17 May 1977, T.H. Wei 3-0606 (GXMI); Xingan County, 26 July 1997, G.Z. Li 15137 (PE). Guizhou: Chishui City, 24 May 2020, H. Liang LSBZ-297 (JXAU); Leishan County, 13 June 2020, H. Liang LSBZ-323 (JXAU); Songtao County, 22 July 1959, T.P. Zhu et al. 1592 (KUN); Suiyang County, 11 May 2010, Y.F. Zhou KKS101197 (ZY); Zhengan County, 14 October 2014, H.W. Zhang 520324141014031LY (GZTM). Hubei: Lichuan County, 7 October 1980, B. Bartholomew et al. 2014 (PE); Tongshanx County, 14 May 2017, H.Y. Zhan et al. LXP5905 (LBG); Yichang City, 19 March 2017, D.G. Zhang et al. ZCJ170319117 (JIU). Hunan: Sangzhi County, 4 August 2017, Z.Y. Zhang et al. LSBZ-142 (JXAU); Xinning City, 5 July 2017, Z.K. Liu LSBZ-135 (JXAU); Yongshun County, 3 August 2017, Z.Y. Zhang et al. LSBZ-138 (JXAU); Zhangjiajie City, 11 September 2015, H. Zhou & D.S. Zhou 15091113 (CSFI). Jiangxi: Jinggangshan City, 27 August 2020, Y.F. Liu LSBZ-365 (JXAU); Luxi County, 23 June 1984, M.X. Nie 113 (LBG); Suichuan County, 24 June 2016, Z.C. Liu et al. Lxp-13-18312 (SYS); Wuning County, 22 May 2014, Y.H. Zhan et al. LXP0912 (LBG). Sichuan: Hechuan City, 1934, D.J. Yu 3112 (PE); Leibo County, 3 July 1983, Q.S. Zhao & Z.J. Zhao 121212 (PE); Xuyong County, 17 September 2013, W.B. Ju & H.N. Deng HGX13668 (CDBI). Yunnan: Maguan County, 31 July 1961, S.G. Wu 3597 (KUN); Suijiang County, 4 May 1973, B.X. Sun 0112 (KUN). Chongqing: Fengjie County, 28 June 1958, M.Y. Fang 24515 (NAS); Shizhu County, 2 June 1978, W.H. Wang 1571 (CDBI).

Figures

Figure 1. Distribution of Enkianthus perulatus based on specimen records and our field investigation. Black triangles indicate E. perulatus; red triangles indicate E. calophyllus (= E. perulatus).