Ceratina (Zadontomerus) capitosa Smith, 1879

Flórez-Gómez, Nathalia, Ayala, Ricardo, Hinojosa-Díaz, Ismael & Morrone, Juan J., 2022, The Neotropical Species Of Small Carpenter Bees Of The Subgenus Ceratina (Zadontomerus) Ashmead, 1899 (Hymenoptera: Apidae), Zootaxa 5214 (2), pp. 189-223 : 191-193

Ceratina (Zadontomerus) capitosa Smith, 1879

( Figures 1 , 2 , 22A , 23A , 24A , 25 )

Ceratina capitosa Smith, F., 1879 (syntype: Natural History Museum , United Kingdom: ♀, Mexico, Oaxaca)

Diagnosis. Head, scutum, scutellum and metanotum black with olive green tones, propodeum and metasoma olive green and wings brownish with lighter stigma; males and females with posterior margin of T4, T5 and T6 with dense yellow pubescence; large bees: females from 9.0–12.0 mm and males from 7.0–10.0 mm. Females, gena wider than eye width, with sparse punctures, area adjacent to eye impunctate, reaching ¼ of genal area; disc of scutum impunctate and polished. Males with hind femur with ventral medial projection forming an angle and sparse white hairs ( Fig. 22A ); and T7 of males with medial rounded projection ( Fig. 23A ).

Male. Length 7.8 mm. Head. Black with olive green tones. Mandibles bidentate. Labrum with yellow spot at the middle area, pubescence short, sparse. Clypeus with T-shaped yellow mark, coarse punctation. Supraclypeal area and lower paraocular area densely punctate, punctures separated by less than a puncture diameter. Ocellocular area with punctures separated by a distance equal to 1.5 times puncture diameter. Frons with paired impunctate swellings, surrounding area with punctures separated by a distance up to twice puncture diameter. Vertex densely punctate, with yellowish pubescence, long, sparse. Gena with punctures separated by a distance at least 1.5 times puncture diameter. Preoccipital carina well developed. Scape and pedicel dark brown, flagellum brown. Head length 1.9 mm; head width 2.3 mm; lower interocular distance 1.17 mm; upper interocular distance 1.43 mm; ocellocular distance 0.52 mm.

Mesosoma. Black with olive green tones. Pronotum with lateral carina, dorsolateral angle of pronotum carinate. Mesepisternum with white and scattered plumose pubescence, upper area densely punctate, separated by less than a puncture diameter, lower area with punctures separated by a distance equal to twice puncture diameter; hypoepimeral area with close punctures becoming sparser in the lower area. Metepisternum with fine and close punctures, punctures smaller than ones at the mesepisternum. Anterior area of scutum with punctures separated by a distance of 3 times puncture diameter; disc of scutum with few punctures, line of dispersed punctures surrounding the anteromedial line; posterior area with fine and densely distributed punctures. Scutellum with dense punctation separated by a distance equal or less than a puncture diameter. Metanotum with fine and close punctures, punctures smaller than ones on the scutellum. Propodeum, basal area with striae, finely and densely punctate, with white scattered pubescence, integument olive green contrasting with the rest of mesosoma. Tegula brown and impunctate. Length of forewing 6.2 mm. Wings brownish, submarginal cell dark brown, venation brown and pterostigma light brown to yellowish. Scutum length 1.3 mm; scutum width 1.69 mm. Legs. Integument black. Base of tibia with yellow spot. Tarsi dark brown, distitarsus and tarsal claw brown. Spurs whitish. Hind femur medially dilated forming an angle ( Fig. 22A ); ventral surface with short, sparse hairs.

Metasoma. Integument olive metallic green. T1 polished, disc with small area with fine and close punctures. T2- T3 with dense punctation laterally, separated by a distance less than or equal to puncture diameter, becoming more separated on the disc. T4 densely punctate; posterior margin with short and yellowish hairs, densely distributed. T5-T7 rugose, with dense, short and yellowish hairs; T6 apex with tuft of dense yellowish hairs. T7, apical margin delimitating a medial projection ( Fig. 23A ). S6 as shown in the Fig. 24A . Genital capsule as in Figure 2 .

Material examined: MEXICO. Jalisco: Ciudad Guzmán , 16 km SW, 2000 m, 18-VII-1989, T. Griswold ( BBSL: 4 ♀, 9 ♂. EBCh: 2 ♂) . Ciudad Guzmán, Camino Volcán Colima, 16.6253, 103.54713, 5 -IX- 2014, R. Ayala (EBCh: 3 ♂) . El Terrero , 1-IX-2018, R. Ayala (EBCh: 1♀) . La Manzanilla , 25 km N, 30 -IV- 1990, C. M. Estrada (EBCh: 1 ♂) . Las Cuevas , 10 km SE La Manzanilla, 16-VIII-1990, C. M. Estrada (EBCh: 2 ♀) . Mazamitla , 10 km SE El Terrero, 5-XI-1990, R. Ayala (EBCh: 1 ♂) . Talpa de Allende, Sierra Occidental , 1803 m, 20.345, -104.959, 9- IX-2012, J. Mérida ( ECOAB: 1 ♂) . Michoacán: Dr. Miguel Silva , 9 km S de Ario de Rosales, 1450 m, 29-X-1987, T. Griswold ( BBSL: 1 ♀, 4 ♂) . Las Cañas, 21 km de Ario de Rosales , 1390 m, 29-X-1987, T. Griswold ( BBSL: 1 ♀, 1 ♂) . Tzintzuntzan , N de Pátzcuaro, 2100 m, 16 -X- 1987, T. Griswold ( BBSL: 3 ♀) . Morelos: Cuernavaca, 5-XII-1987, F. Parker. Tepoztlán, km 12 Autopista México – Cuautla , 18.973 N, - 99.0825 W, 1650 m ( BBSL: 15 ♀, 5 ♂) ; 17-III-1996, I. Hinojosa ( MZFC: 1 ♀: 2130); 14-IV-1996, O. Yáñez ( MZFC: 3 ♀: 2161, 2160, 2159); 30-VI-1996, O. Yáñez ( MZFC: 1 ♀: 2289. 1♂: 2266); 13-VII-1996, O. Yáñez ( MZFC: 3 ♀: 2303, 2301, 2300); 14-VII-1996, O. Yáñez ( MZFC: 2 ♀: 2360, 2372. 1 ♂: 2355); 4-VIII-1996, I. Hinojosa ( MZFC: 2♀: 2404, 2384); 10-VIII-1996, O. Yáñez ( MZFC: 2 ♀: 2409, 2457. 1 ♂: 2410); 30-XI-1996, I. Hinojosa ( MZFC: 7 ♀: 2828, 2827, 2825, 2759, 2747, 2741, 2826); 22-XII-1996, O. Yáñez ( MZFC: 1 ♀: 2879); 25-I-1997, I. Hinojosa ( MZFC: 2♀: 2968, 2943); 16- II-1997, I. Hinojosa ( MZFC: 2 ♂: 3060, 3371) . Tepoztlán, km 4. 5 Autopista México – Cuautla , 1940 m, 19.00416, -99.1294; 16-XII-1995, I. Hinojosa ( MZFC: 5 ♀: 3653, 3654, 3673, 3674, 3685); 26-V-1996, I. Hinojosa ( MZFC: 1 ♀: 3956); 9-VI-1996, I. Hinojosa ( MZFC: 1 ♀: 3986); 3-VIII-1996, I. Hinojosa ( MZFC: 2 ♀: 4091, 4062); 5-X-1996, I. Hinojosa ( MZFC: 1 ♀: 4274. 1 ♂: 4283); 27-X-1996, I. Hinojosa ( MZFC: 5 ♀: 4328, 4346, 4345, 4349, 4301. 1 ♂: 4344); 23-XI-1996, O. Yáñez ( MZFC: 3 ♀: 4421, 4471, 4432); 15-XII-1996, I. Hinojosa ( MZFC: 1 ♀: 4567); 9-III-1997, I. Hinojosa ( MZFC: 1 ♀: 4730); 17-V-1997, I. Hinojosa ( MZFC: 1 ♀: 4769); 14-VI-1997, O. Yáñez ( MZFC: 3 ♀: 4797, 4798, 4849); 9-VIII-1997, I. Hinojosa ( MZFC: 1 ♀: 4932) . Nayarit: Santa Isabella , 10- III-1972, F. Parker ( BBSL: 2 ♀, 4 ♂) . Tepic, Reserva de la Biosfera Sierra de San Juan , 1080 m, 21.518, -104.972, 20-X-2013, J. Mérida ( ECOAB: 1 ♂) .

Distribution. Ceratina (Z.) capitosa only known from Mexico, in the Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt, Pacific Lowlands and Sierra Madre del Sur biogeographic provinces (Morrone, 2019), with records from Jalisco, Michoacan, Morelos, Nayarit and Oaxaca. The distribution ranges from 0–2000 m in elevation.

Comments. Very similar in color and size to an undescribed species of Ceratina (Calloceratina) . For this reason, in some collections both species tend to be identified as C. capitosa ; however, they can be differentiated by the impunctate swollen areas on the frons of C. capitosa (diagnostic character for Zadontomerus ), spine-like projection in the base of hind tibia, and males with a tuft of dense hairs in the apex of T6.

Figures

FIGURE 1. Ceratina capitosa. A: Male lateral habitus, B: male frontal view, C: Holotype, female lateral habitus, D: Holotype, female frontal view, E. Holotype, female dorsal view (from Natural History Museum (2021))

FIGURE 2. Genital capsule of Ceratina capitosa male. A: Dorsal view, B: ventral view.

FIGURE 22. Hind trochanter and femur from males of the Ceratina (Zadontomerus) species: A. C. capitosa, B. C. ignara, C. C. nautlana, D. C. kopili sp. n., E. C. basaltica sp. n., F. C. tepetlana sp. n., G. C. sapphira sp. n., H. C. raquelitae sp. n., I. C. rehanae sp. n., J. C. indigovirens sp. n.

FIGURE 23. Tergite 7 from males of the Ceratina (Zadontomerus) species: A. C. capitosa, B. C. ignara, C-D C. nautlana, E. C. kopili sp. n., F. C. basaltica sp. n., G. C. tepetlana sp. n., H. C. sapphira sp. n., I. C. raquelitae sp. n., J. C. rehanae sp. n., K. C. indigovirens sp. n.

FIGURE 24. Sternite 6 from males of the Ceratina (Zadontomerus) species: A. C. capitosa, B. C. ignara, C. C. nautlana, D. C. kopili sp. n., E. C. basaltica sp. n., F. C. tepetlana sp. n., G. C. sapphira sp. n., H. C. raquelitae sp. n., I. C. rehanae sp. n., J. C. indigovirens sp. n.

FIGURE 25. Distribution map of Ceratina (Zadontomerus) capitosa and Ceratina (Zadontomerus) ignara.