Patia cordillera cordillera, 1862

Castro-Gerardino, Diana Jimena & Llorente-Bousquets, Jorge, 2019, Antennal ultrastructure in Patia (Pieridae, Dismorphiinae), Zootaxa 4559 (3), pp. 445-472 : 457-461

Patia cordillera cordillera (male and female)

ANTENNAL CLUB ( Figs. 5a, b ): The nudum is 4.4 mm in length.

ANTENNOMERES ( Fig. 5g ): The male has 14 scaleless antennomeres and the females between 14 and 15; sometimes, the division between the penultimate antennomere and the distal one is incomplete. In the first antennomere, the scales cover the dorsolateral surface, but the scaleless area occurs in part of the segment that precedes it (male). The scales cover almost half of the ventral surface in the first antennomere of the female, revealing a scaleless fringe in the middle longitudinal part of the appendage and the areas close to the margins proximal and distal. The first antennomere of the nudum is a bit compressed, and the second is isometric; the other antennomeres are depressed, but the distal one is compressed. The l/w ratio is from 1 to 1.4 in the first two antennomeres; in the other proximal and mesial the ratio is from 0.7 to 0.8 and in the distal (fused) is almost two. The basal segment is quasi-cylindrical, and the following are doliform; the distal segment is digitiform with the acute apex.

SULCI AND PSEUDOSULCI ( Figs. 5 k–l): Both sexes have 14–15 central and 28–29 lateral sulci. Almost all antennomeres are trisulcate. However, the first antennomere may lack one of the lateral sulci. In the first antennomere of the nudum, under the central sulcus, there are pseudosulci (more than 5); here, the larger pseudosulci are the closest to the central sulcus. When the central sulcus is larger, pseudosulci are scarce. The central sulci are present in all antennomeres of the nudum. In the first segment, they occupy 1/5 to one-third of the length of the antennomere. In the proximal and medial segments (from the second to the seventh) the central sulci occupy one-third to one-half the length of the antennomere; in the medial and distal (from the eighth to the last) they extended more. The central sulci occupy 1/5 of the amplitude of the antennomere (proximal and distal ones), and in the mesial, they occupy one-third. The distal margin of the antennomeres truncate almost all the central sulci; sometimes one or three rows of microtrichia m2 separate the sulci from that margin. In the first and third segments (male), the central sulci are irregular or sub-triangular inverted, with discontinuous perimeters; in the medial and distal, they are almost elliptical, and their edges are almost continuous. The lateral sulci are smaller than the central ones and occupy one-third to one-fifth of the length of the antennomere; the distal margin of the segment truncate them. From one to seven rows of microtrichia m2 separate it from that margin. In the first three antennomeres, the lateral sulci are lateral-ventral and separated from the distal margin of the respective antennomere. Along the nudum, the lateral sulci approach the distal edge and move to the sides. The lateral sulci are irregular or quasi-elliptical, with discontinuous perimeters in the proximal and distal segments, but are continuous in the medial. The pseudosulci occur in almost all antennomeres, but they are abundant and larger in the proximal ones. In the first antennomere, they are between the central sulcus and the proximal margin of the antennomere. The number of pseudosulci diminishes along the nudum because these perhaps are added or integrated into the central sulci.

MICROTRICHIA ( Figs. 5m, o, q , t–w): This species has microtrichia type m1, m2, m3 (scarce and difficult to observe), and m4 together with coeloconic (sc) and claviform (scl) sensilla. The st:m1 ratio in the central sulci is often 1:3, but in some proximal segments, it is 1:4; the 1:2 ratio is uncommon and only occurs in medial segments.

TRICHOID SENSILLA ( Fig. 5o ): These sensilla measure on average 22.3 µm (n = 17, 18.0–27.7 µm). The st in the pseudosulci are shorter and measure about 15.6 µm (n = 5, 14.0–17.4 µm). Unlike P. rhetes , the number of st in the central sulci reaches its maximum toward the middle of the club, in the sixth or seventh antennomere, and decreases considerably in the basal and distal. In the lateral sulci, the number of st presents an irregular distribution, although, like the central ones, it reaches its maximum toward the ninth antennomere.

CHAETIC SENSILLA ( Fig. 5m ): They exhibit chaetic sensilla in all antennomeres of the nudum, and they are very abundant in the distal segment; in the last third of a nudum, there are up to 16 sq. They show the characteristic distribution of the subfamily and measure on average 41 µm (n= 13, 34–46.7 µm).

OTHER SENSILLA ( Figs. 5q , t–w): There are squamiform sensilla in the three proximal antennomeres and measure around 32.4 µm (n= 4; 26–39 µm). They are always under the central sulcus. The coeloconic sensilla are on the sides of the antennomeres, under the lateral sulci; like the claviform sensilla (scl) that accompanied by long microtrichia m4. The basiconic and auriculate sensilla are distributed along the nudum, but the auriculate is more abundant. There are two to seven times more auriculate than basiconic or coeloconic sensilla. In the medial and distal antennomeres, styloconic sensilla without stylus (sty), close to the lateral sulci and even within them. In some medial and distal antennomeres, there are cavities without sensillum; these are rare and occur in medial and distal antennomeres. There are many pores scattered throughout the antennomere but are more abundant within the sulci.

Figures

FIGURE 5 (a–f). Antennal microstructures of Patia cordillera sspp. a. Antennal club of P. c. cordillera male; b. Antennal club of P. c. cordillera female (x35); c. Antennal club of P. c. larunda female (scale bar 100 µm); d. Antennal club of P. c. sororna male; e. Antennal club of Patia c. sororna female (scale bar 200 µm); f. First antennomere of the nudum of P. c. cordillera male where the central sulcus is disintegrated in a small sulcus and several pseudosulci (x 230).