Martiodendron mediterraneum (Mart. ex Benth.) R.C. Koeppen var. mediterraneum

Falcão, Marcus José De Azevedo, Torke, Benjamin M., Garcia, Gabriel Santos, Silva, Guilherme Sousa Da & Mansano, Vidal De Freitas, 2023, A Taxonomic Revision of the Neotropical Genus Martiodendron (Fabaceae: Dialioideae), Phytotaxa 578 (1), pp. 11-56 : 41-42

Martiodendron mediterraneum (Mart. ex Benth.) R.C. Koeppen var. mediterraneum ( Figures 8 and 9 ).

Diagnosis: — Martiodendron mediterraneum var. mediterraneum differs from Martiodendron mediterraneum var. concinnum by the longer leaves (10.8–)12–21(–25) cm long, more distant from each other and forming more lax branches with the maximum distance between leaves (1–)2–6(–12) cm; the terminal leaflets of the developed leaves generally ovate to elliptical to oblong, rarely narrowly oblong, with a base almost always cordate to truncate, rarely obtuse, generally bigger and wider, (4–)5–9.5(–11) × (1.7–)2–3.7(–5.5) cm; occurring in Northeastern and Northern Brazil.

Distribution and Habitat: —The variety is endemic to Brazil, occurring in the states of Tocantins, Piauí, Maranh ã o, and the far east of Pará. It was previously found in Bahia. It is mainly distributed in the Cerrado, occurring in seasonal semideciduous forests and savannas and ecotone areas with the Amazon rainforest and Caatinga ( Figure 15 ).

Selected List of Additional Specimens Examined: (30 of 152 analyzed specimens): — BRAZIL: Maranhão: Loreto, Ilha das Balsas , region between the Balsas & Parnaíba Rivers, 7°30’S 45°3’W. Tree, 5 m × 27 cm, 18-II-1970, Eiten, G. 10662 ( IAN; K; NY; UB; US); caminho para fazenda Barreiras. Árvore de 4–6 m, 21-IV-1980, Fernandes, A. s.n. EAC8470 ( MO); Caxías , campo. Árvore, 11-VII-1954, Black , G. A. 54-16701 ( IAN; UB; US); Mirador, Aldeia-Parque Estadual. Árvore , 19-IV-1998, Conceição, G. M. 125 ( UEC); Bar ã o de Grajaú, próximo à localidade de Bem-Quer, 6°39’59”S 42°58’49”W. Árvore, 5 m, 9-VII-2015, Cardoso, L. J. T. 1082 ( RB); Bom Jesus das Selvas, estrada para a ferrovia, 4°28’53.10”S 46°51’32.94”W. Árvore, 8 m, 17-IV-2011, Tyski L. 220 ( RB); Timon, BR-316. Árvore alta, 29-IV-1978, Fernandes, A. s.n. EAC3829 ( EAC); Codó. Arbusto, 15-II-1979, Peres, A. s.n. EAC5519 ( EAC); Carolina: close to the rio Lajes, 7°21’S 47°26’W. Tree, 20 m, 6-VII-1993, Ratter, S. 6765 ( UB); Tree, 7 m × 12 cm, Ratter, S. 6766 ( INPA; K; MO; NY; UB); Estreito: canteiro das obras próximo à pedreira, 6°35’25”S 47°27’21”W. Árvore, 18 m, 08-III-2007, Pereira-Silva, G. 11327 ( CEN); Road to Carolina, 2-15 km. Tree, 10 m × 15 cm, 9- VIII-1964, Prance, G. T. 58613 ( F; NY; UB); Pará: Regi ã o de Xambioá, rio Araguaia , chapada da serra. Árvore, 5 m, 19-III-1961, Oliveira, E. 1455 ( IAN; NY); Marabá, rio Tocantins. 9-VI-1946, Fróes, R. L. 24361 (NY; IAN; P); S ã o Geraldo do Araguaia: morro 3. Árvore, 8 m, 15-VI-1995, Bastos , M. N. 2188 ( IAN); Fazenda Andorinhas , retiro Santa Cruz , 6°13’50”S 48°25’43”W. Árvore, ca. 12 m, 23-IV-2004, Pereira-Silva, G. 8974 ( CEN); Piauí: Castelo do Piauí, fazenda Cipó de Baixo, 5°19’20”S 41°33’9”W. Árvore , ca. 10 m, 13-VI-1995, Bona Nascimento, M. S. 1066 ( CPAMN); Regeneraç ã o/Amarante, 8 km, 6°15’S 42°45’O. Árvore, 12 m × 40 cm, 20-III-1984, Silva, S. B. 327 ( CEPEC; K; MG; NY; RB); Guadalupe. Arvoreta , ca. 3 m, 15-V-2009, Miranda, A. M. 6025 ( HUEFS); Ribeiro Gonçalves. Arvoreta , ca. 6, 7 m × 39 cm, 9-III-2009, Rodrigues, L. s.n. HST16164 ( HST); Piri-Piri. Árvore, Pinto, F. C. L. 22 ( ALCB); Oieiras, entre Gaturiano e Oieiras. Árvore, 3-5 m, 22-II-1980, Fernandes, A. EAC7982 ( EAC); Tocantins: Goiatins, estrada Graçolândia-Itacajá, 7°59’36”S 47°48’57”W. Árvore, ca. 6 m, 4-V-2009, Pereira-Silva, G. 14400 ( CEN); Itacajá, estrada Itapirantins, povoado do Cantinho , km 25, 8°15’55”S 47°57’16”W. Árvore, 10 m, 18-IX-2009, Pereira-Silva, G. 14617 ( CEN); Palmeiras do Tocantins, margem esquerda do rio Tocantins , 6°43’03”S 47°41’5”W. Árvore, ca. 6 m, 19-V-2010, Pereira-Silva, G. 15247 ( CEN); Miranorte, Rod. Belém-Brasília. Árvore , 5 m, 25-III-1976, Hatschbach, G. 38335 ( INPA; MBM; NY; P; US); Araguaína , rio das Lontras. Tree, ca. 15 m × 25 cm, 13-III-1968, Irwin, H. S. 21125 ( NY; P; UB); Palmeirante, margem esquerda do rio Tocantins, 7°38’35”S 47°38’17”W. Árvore , ca. 12 m, 18-VIII-2010, Pereira, J. B. 201 ( CEN); Darcinópolis: rio Tocantins , Unknown state: Lima, J. L. S. 1812 (HTSA; HUEFS);

List With Summary Data of Additional Specimens Examined: (122 of 152 analyzed specimens): — BRAZIL: Maranhão: Ducke, A. 589; Rodrigues, L. 14131; s.n. HST16111; Miranda, C.A. 344; Harley, R.M. 56466; Saddi, E.M. 356; Mello, L.E. 5324; Félix . L.P. 8019; Castro, A.J. s.n. TEPB20674; Hora , F.M.D. 10; Carvalho, A. 631; Eiten, G. 4222; 4682; 10799; 10824; dos Santos, A. s.n. TEPB2964; Lima, J.C.M. 112; Miranda, A.M. s.n. HST16476; Vilhena , R. 1002; Pereira-Silva, G. 13386; 13779; Schatz, G.E. 728; Simon, M.F. 2854; Sousa , C.A. 507; Sousa , M.O. 280; Silva, M.F.F. 1051; Bridgewater, S. S710; Silva, M.F.F. 1184; Guedes, M.L. 23993; Fernandes, A. s.n. EAC2395; EAC3851; EAC5496; EAC23339; Nunes, E. s.n. EAC5847; EAC5931; EAC7813; Albuquerque, I. s.n. HST16476; Moraes, T.M. 2280; Figueiredo, J.B. 67; s.c., s.n. TEPB748; Sevilha, A.C. 5668; Pará: Lima, H.C. 7588; Silva, D.F. 1243; 1266; Piauí: Castro, A.S.F. 2262; Alencar, M.E. 555; 578; 637; 861; Félix , L.P. 14295; s.n. HST17306; Barros, R. 2140; 2279; 3313; Bona Nascimento, M.S. 256; Saddi, E.M. 375; Miranda, A.M. 4959; 5933; s.n. HST16198; Oliveira, F.C.S. 29; 127; 346; Nascimento, F.H.F. 1346; 1347; 1348; Santos, L. 232; 491; Sobrinho, J.S. 216; Correia , C. 536; 552; Queiroz, L.P. 10162; 10188; Haidar, R.F. 9; 73; Orlandi, R.P. 588; Flores, A.S. 912; 937; Chagas, F. 63; Barroso, G.M. s.n. RB181129; Graça, s.n. TEPB10085; Ribeiro, L. s.n. TEPB9550; Sousa , A. s.n. TEPB5847; TEPB648; TEPB83; Freire, F.M.T. s.n. TEPB5071; TEPB3729; TEPB2872; TEPB1495; EAC13120; Fernandes, A. s.n. EAC3579; EAC6049; EAC18441; EAC18426; EAC23504; Lopes, A.S. s.n. TEPB2951; Vasconcelos, J.R. s.n. TEPB IF-1887; Castro, A.J. s.n. TEPB1501; TEPB1047; Aguiar, M.L.A. s.n. TEPB11335; Cardoso, D. 2974; Batista, M.J. s.n. TEPB10335; Arraias, M.G.M. s.n. TEPB979; Viana , G. 35; Gomes, M.S. 66; 126; Paula , J.E. 3294; Tocantins: Rodrigues, E. 685; Árbocz, G.F. 6202; 6638; 1427; Simon, M.F. 612; Oliveira, F.C.A. 2386; Lemos, H.L. 56; Haidar, R.F. 1285; Pires, J.M. 16149; Santos, E.R. 1561; Rizzo, J.A. 9613; 7812; Pereira-Silva, G. 12925; 13049; Pereira, J.B. 224; Pereira-Silva, G. 9771.

Figures

FIGURE 8. Martiodendron mediterraneum (Mart. ex Benth.) R.C. Koeppen. A–D. Martiodendron mediterraneum var. mediterraneum; A. Habit; B. Branch with leaves and inflorescence; C. Detail of the petiolule and leaflet base; D. Detail of the axillary bud enveloped by the stipules; E–G. Martiodendron mediterraneum var. concinnum; E. Branch with leaves and inflorescence; F. Detail of the petiolule and leaflet base; G. Detail of the axillary bud enveloped by the stipules; H. Apex of the thyrsoid with cymose subunits presenting flower buds; I. Flower; J. Sepal; K. Stamen; L.Apex of anther with open pore; M. Detail of the base of the flower with sepals and petals removed showing the filaments of the stamens, the base of the carpel and the abaxial staminode; N. Gynoecium; O. Detail of the stigma; P. Branch bearing fruit; Q. Example of acuminate fruit apex; R. Seed. A: Storlaski, O.C. s.n.; B, J–O: Saddi, E.M. 356; C–D: Árbocz, G.F. 6202; E–G: Belém, R.P. 365; H: Árbocz, G.F. 6638; I: Cardoso, A. s.n.; P: Cardoso, D. 2974; Q: Castro, A.J. 72; R: Nascimento 1346. Drawn by M. Falcão. Scale bar.A: 1 m; B, E, P–R: 2 cm; C–D, F–G, K: 2 mm; H–J, N: 5 mm; L–M, O: 0.5 mm.

FIGURE 9. Martiodendron mediterraneum (Mart. ex Benth.) R.C. Koeppen. A–J: M. mediterraneum var. mediterraneum. A. Habit; B. Inflorescences with flower buds; C–D. Inflorescences with flowers in anthesis; E. Detail of the flowers; F. Detail of the densely flowered tree top; G. Detail of the tree top with fruits; H. Fruits; I–J. Typical leaves of M. mediterraneum var. mediterraneum with larger ovate to elliptical to oblong leaflets; K. M. mediterraneum var. concinnum. Leaves with smaller narrowly oblong leaflets. I: Saddi, E.M. 375; J: Pereira, J.B. 201; K: Belém, R.P. 365. Image authors:A–B, D: Oiliam Stolarski; C, E–F:André Cardoso; G–H: Hilda Melo and Guilherme Silva; I–K: REFLORA. Scale bar.A: 2 m; B, D, H: 5 cm; C, E: 2 cm; F–G: 10 cm; I–K: 5 cm.

FIGURE 15. Martiodendron distribution map. Topographic map of part of the Neotropics containing all analyzed specimens of the genus separated by species and varieties. Note the occurrence of most species in areas with elevations below 200 meters, with the exception of M. mediterraneum, which generally occurs in regions of elevation 200–600 meters. Source: NASA with modifications.