Macrocixius grossus Tsaur & Hsu, 1991

Zhang, Pei & Chen, Xiang-Sheng, 2013, Taxonomic study on the planthopper genus Macrocixius Matsumura (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha: Cixiidae) with descriptions of two new species from China, Zootaxa 3646 (3), pp. 277-288 : 281-283

Macrocixius grossus Tsaur & Hsu, 1991

( Figs 14–26 )

Macrocixius grossus Tsaur & Hsu, 1991: 6 .

Diagnostic characters. Body length (from apex of vertex to tip of forewings): male 9–9.9 mm (n = 7), female 10.7–11.7 mm (n = 6).

Coloration. General color blackish brown ( Figs 54, 58, 62 ). Eyes generally yellowish brown alternating with black. Ocelli pale yellow, semihyaline. Face black brown, postclypeus paler in color. Pronotum generally blackish brown, with anterior and posterior margin yellowish brown. Mesonotum black brown, posteromedian area slightly paler in color. Forewing hoar, hyaline; stigma brown; strip between bases of CuP and PCu yellowish brown; yellow alternating with black brown on total length of veins; discal area of clavus with a small yellowish brown marking. Hind tarsi with platellae fuscous. Abdomen blackish brown ventrally.

Head. Median ocellus ( Figs 15 , 62 ) on the peak of frontoclypeal suture. Vertex ( Figs 14 , 54 ) 1.4 X wider than long; subapical carina joins lateral carinae at apical 1/3; anterior margin slightly convex into an angle, posterior margin archedly concave; areolets before subapical carina concave, area behind subapical carina archedly concave; both two portions of median carina existing. Frons ( Figs 15 , 62 ) 1.5 X longer than wide; anterior margin concave into an obtuse angle; median carina forked basally; both sides of median carina with many fine scores. Rostrum with subapical segment 1.4 X longer than apical segment.

Pronotum and mesonotum. Pronotum ( Figs 14 , 54 ) 1.2 X longer than vertex; intermediate carinae curving forward, vanishing near anterior margin of pronotum; median carina distinct, posterior margin concave, forming an obtuse angle. Mesonotum ( Figs 14 , 54 ) 2 X longer than pronotum and vertex combined; lateral carinae slightly curving laterally, median carina indistinct on posteromedian area.

Wings. Forewing ( Figs 16 , 54, 58 ) 2.9 X longer than wide; fork Sc+ RP distad of fork CuA1+CuA2, fork PCu+A1 slightly distad of center of clavus.

Legs. Hind tibia with 3 or 4 lateral spines; chaetotaxy of hind tarsi 8/9 or 9/7, 2nd hind tarsus with 3 platellae.

Abdomen. Pygofer ( Figs 17, 18 ) with middle part of outer margin sub-triangularly convex in ventral view, narrowing to both ends; in lateral view, lateral lobes with portion slightly above middle caudally convex, tongueshaped. Medioventral process ( Figs 17, 18 ) 4.5 X wider than long in ventral view, reaching to 1/10 of length of lateral lobes; sub-triangular in lateral view, apex pointed. Anal segment ( Figs 17, 19, 20 ), in lateral view, dorsal margin slightly concave into arch-shape, ventral margin archedly convex; in caudal view, dorsal margin archedly convex, ventral margin archedly concave; 2.2 X longer than wide in dorsal view; loosely connected with pygofer, movable. Anal style ( Figs 17, 19 ) relatively broad and large; abdominal segment XI slightly small, covering base of anal style. Genital styles ( Figs 17, 18, 21 ), in ventral view, with apical portion inflated, hammer-shaped, not touching each other; in lateral view, dorsal margin with basal half nearly straight, ventral margin with basal half slightly convex, apical portion subtriangularly inflated; loosely connected with connective, movable. Aedeagus ( Figs 23–26 ) with total of nine spines; four spines on right side: the shortest one generally straight, with base inflated and the remainder slender, directed dorsocephalad, the longest one with base broad and large, crossing dorsal margin of aedeagus to left side, the upper one of the remaining two spines generally straight, directed ventrocephalad, with base inflated and the remainder slender, with or without a small triangular spines on dorsal margin, the lower one of the remaining two spines slightly sinuate, directed cephalad; two spines on left side: the anterior one with basal half broad and large, apical half strongly curving upward, directed dorsocephalad, the posterior one nearly straight with base inflated and the remainder slender, directed dorsocephalad. Flagellum with three short spines, one originating from dorsal margin, slightly curving, directed dorsocephalad, the remaining two spines on the left side of ventral margin, the former one nearly straight, directed ventrocephalad, the latter one inclining downward, directed ventrocephalad; apex of flagellum extended into a sheet process. Connective ( Fig. 22 ) moderately long; aedeagal shaft 1.5 X wider than width of connective plus ventral arm.

Material examined. 2 3, 3 ƤƤ, Zhuhai, Changning County, Sichuan Province, China, 5 June 2008, Y.-B. Zhang and H.-R. Li; 1 3, Baihualing, Baoshan County, Yunnan Province, China, 15 June 2011, J.-K. Long; 1 3, 1 Ƥ, Chishui City, Guizhou Province, China, 3 May 2008, Z.-G. Zhang; 1 3, 1 Ƥ, Jinshagou, Chishui City, Guizhou Province, China, 31 May 2000, Z.-Z. Li; 1 3, 1 Ƥ, Fengyang Mountain, Zhejiang Province, China, 28-29 July, 2009, Y. Chen; 1 3, Sansong Lake, Changning County, Sichuan Province, China, 29 September, 2009, H.-R. Li.

Distribution. South China (Sichuan, Zhejiang, Yunnan, Guizhou, Taiwan) (new record from Mainland China).

Figures

FIGURES 14 – 26. Macrocixius grossus Tsaur & Hsu. (14) Head and thorax, dorsal view; (15) Face, ventral view; (16) Forewing; (17) Male genitalia, lateral view; (18) Pygofer and genital styles, ventral view; (19) Anal segment, dorsal view; (20) Anal segment, caudal view; (21) Right genital styles, ventral view; (22) Connective, dorsocephalad view; (23) Aedeagus, right side; (24) Aedeagus, left side; (25) Aedeagus, dorsal view; (26) Aedeagus, ventral view. Scale bars = 0.5 mm.

FIGURES 53 – 64. Adult of Macrocixius species. 53, 57, 61. M. giganteus. (53) Habitus, dorsal view; (57) Habitus, lateral view; (61) Face, ventral view. 54, 58, 62. M. grossus. (54) Habitus, dorsal view; (58) Habitus, lateral view; (62) Face, ventral view. 55, 59, 63. M. rarimaculatus. (55) Habitus, dorsal view; (59) Habitus, lateral view; (63) Face, ventral view. 56, 60, 64. M. unispinus. (56) Habitus, dorsal view; (60) Habitus, lateral view; (64) Face, ventral view. Scale bars = 0.5 mm.