Acrotona (Acrotona) vicaria ( Kraatz, 1859 )

Lee, Seung-Gyu & Ahn, Kee-Jeong, 2018, A taxonomic review of Korean Acrotona Thomson with a description of new species (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Aleocharinae), Zootaxa 4418 (3), pp. 247-263 : 259-262

Acrotona (Acrotona) vicaria ( Kraatz, 1859)

( Figs. 1G , 7 A–I)

Homalota vicaria Kraatz, 1859: 38 .

Homalota inornata Kraatz, 1859: 39 .

Homalota peregrine Kraatz, 1859: 39 .

Homalota termitophila Motschulsky, 1860: 91 .

Atheta (Acrotona) pseudoparens Cameron, 1933: 215 .

Atheta (Acrotona) taedia Cameron, 1933: 215 ; Sawada, 1977: 198.

Atheta (Acrotona) vicaria: Cameron, 1939: 396 .

Atheta (Acrotona) inornata: Cameron, 1939: 406 .

Atheta (Acrotona) cariei Pace, 1984: 263 .

Atheta (Acrotona) immixta Pace, 1986: 175 .

Acrotona vicaria: Paśnik, 2001: 204 .

Acrotona inornata: Smetana, 2004: 364 ; Shibata et al., 2013: 106.

Acrotona (Acrotona) vicaria: Schülke & Smetana, 2015: 510 ; Ahn et al., 2017: 292. Description. Length 2.3–2.7 mm. Body ( Fig. 1G ) surface fairly glossy and densely pubescent, with fine microsculpture. Body brown to dark brown; head almost black; elytra and legs brownish, paler than other parts. Head. Subcircular, approximately 1.0–1.1 times as wide as long, widest across eyes, distinctly narrower than pronotum; eyes large and prominent, about 1.5 times as long as temples; gular sutures moderately separated, diverged basally; cervical carina complete. Antennae ( Fig. 7A ) long and slender; antennomeres 1–3 elongate, 2 slightly longer than 3, 4 about as long as wide, 5–10 subquadrate to slightly transverse, 11 longest, slightly longer than preceding two combined. Mouthparts. Labrum transverse, slightly emarginate in anterior margin, with εsensillum and about eight macrosetae on each side of midline; epipharynx with several sensilla, including two lateral sensory rows on each side of midline; α-sensillum long and setaceous, about 2.0 times as long as εsensillum, β- and γ-sensilla very short, convergent at apex. Mandibles asymmetrical, subtriangular, decurved and pointed apically, about 1.6 times as long as basal width; right one with small internal tooth, internal margin slightly serrulate; prostheca developed, composed of three portions, second portion longer. Galea and lacinia of maxilla long and slender; lacinia composed of seven spines in distal comb region, two isolated spines present; maxillary palpus elongate with pubescence and long setae; palpomere 1 smallest, 2 about 2.6–2.8 times as long as wide, 3 slightly longer than 2, about 2.5–2.7 times as long as wide, 4 digitiform, filamentous sensilla almost reaching to basal half. Labium with ligula divided into two lobes in basal third; prementum with two medial setae moderately narrowly separated; two basal pores widely separated, more than 5.0 times width of basal pore; several medial pseudopores, lateral pseudopores and one setal pore and two real pores present on each side of midline; labial palpus elongate, with many setulae; palpomere 1 largest, about 1.5–1.7 times as long as wide, γ-setula contiguous with b-seta, 2 shortest, about 1.3–1.5 times as long as wide, 3 subparallel-sided and about as long as 1, about 3.5 times as long as wide. Mentum trapezoidal, anterior margin slightly emarginate; v-seta relatively short, close to useta. Thorax. Pronotum approximately 1.3 times as wide as long, widest in basal third to half; pubescence directed posteriorly in midline. Metanotal scutum with one long seta and about three to five short setae on each side of midline. Mesocoxal cavities narrowly separated; mesoventral process pointed at apex, distinctly longer than isthmus and metaventral process combined; length ratio of mesoventral process, isthmus and metaventral process 7:2:2. Elytra slightly transverse, wider than pronotum; elytron approximately 1.5–1.6 times as long as wide, postero-lateral margin slightly sinuate; pubescence directed posterior and postero-laterally; hind wings fully developed, flabellum composed of about six setose lobes. Legs. Slender and long, with pubescence and macrosetae; tibiae with subequal length of two spurs at apex; tarsal formula 4-5-5, length ratio of tarsomeres 20:23:24:57 (protarsus); 35:45:40:35:60 (mesotarsus); 75:45:42:42:73 (metatarsus); empodial seta present, shorter than claw. Abdomen. Widest in segments III–IV; surface fairly glossy and densely pubescent, with fine and imbricate microsculpture; conspicuous macrosetae present in lateral regions; macrochaetal arrangement of tergites II–VI 01-12-13-13-13; tergite VII subquadrate; male tergite VIII ( Fig. 7B ) with four macrosetae on each side of midline, posterior margin subtruncate; male sternite VIII ( Fig. 7C ) with about eleven macrosetae on each side of midline, five of which positioned in truncate posterior margin; female tergite VIII ( Fig. 7D ) similar to male’s; female sternite VIII ( Fig. 7E ) with six macrosetae on each side of midline, posterior margin truncate, with long marginal setae, minute setae present in median region. Aedeagus. Median lobe ( Figs. 7 F–G) narrowly ovate, apical process elongate and pointed apically in ventral aspect; internal sac relatively simple and elongate. Apical lobe of paramerites ( Fig. 7H ) pointed apically with four setae; a-seta positioned basally, d-seta longer and close to c-seta, b-seta positioned apically. Spermatheca. Bursa with blunt umbilicus; duct once coiled ( Fig. 7I ).

Type material. Syntype, 1♂, labeled as follows: ‘ Syn-type, Arni Gad Mussoorie., Dr. Cameron. 28 - v. 21. M.Cameron Bequest, B.M.1955–147., a. Kraatziana n. n (vili Kr), Atheta inornata (KR.) det. R. Pace 1986 COMPARED WITH TYPE’ . Syntypes, 1♂ 1♀, labeled as follows: ‘SYN-TYPE, JAPAN Kobe, J.E.A. LEWIS, a. pseudoparens Cam TYPE, M.Cameron Bequest, B.M.1955–147., Atheta pseudoparens P.M. Hammond det. 1973 SYNTYPE’ . Holotype, ♂, labeled as follows: ‘ Holo-type , JAPAN Kobe Harada 3. VII 32 J.E.A. LEWIS, M. Cameron Bequest, B.M.1955–147., a. Taedia Cam. TYPE, Atheta Taedia Cam. P.M. Hammond det. 1973 HOLOTYPE’ .

Material examined. NORTH KOREA: 1♂, Korea CERJONG Hwanghe-pukto leg. Pawlowski 9.1971 [North Korea, Hwanghaebuk Prov., Cerjong, ix 1971, Pawlowski] . SOUTH KOREA: Chungbuk Prov. : 9 exx., Jecheon-si, Hansu-myeon, Songgye-ri , Songgye valley , 30 viii 1996, YB Cho, under grasses. Chungnam Prov. : 1 ex., Buyeo-gun, Mt. Mansusan , 20 VII 1999, US Hwang, HJ Kim, sifting ; 1 ex., same data as former except for ‘ 19 vii 1999, KJ Ahn, black light’ ; 1 ex., Daejeon-si, Yuseong-gu, Chungnam nat. univ., 19 iv 2002, JS Park, sifting; 1 ex., same data as former except for ‘ 16 vi–15 vii 2003, JH Choi, DH Lee, SM Choi, FIT’ ; 1 ex., Daejeon-si, Mt. Gyeryongsan, Sutonggol , 26 vi 1999, HJ Kim, near stream ; 1 ex., Daejeon-si, Secheon-dong, Mt. Sikjangsan , Secheon park, 17 viii 1999, HJ Kim, near stream ; 1 ex., Hongseong-gun, Gwangcheon-eup, Oseosan , 20 vi 1999, HJ Kim, sifting; 5 exx., same data as former except for ‘ 19–21 vi 1999, US Hwang and HJ Kim, FIT’; 2 exx., Gongju-si , Mt. Gyeryongsan , Sinwonsa , 26 v 2002, MH Kim, under rotten herb ; 1 ex., same data as former except for ‘ 17 vii 2002, C Shin, near stream’. Gangwon Prov. : 1 ex., Goseong-gun, Jinburyeong , 13 ix 1998, KJ Ahn, KL You, HJ Lim, leaf litter ; 1 ex., Pyeongchang-gun, Bangnim-myeon, Mt. Baekdeoksan , 12 vii 2001, KJ Ahn, SJ Park, decaying vegetable ; 1 ex., Yeongwol-gun, Ssangyong-ri , 29 viii 1996, YB Cho. Gyeongbuk Prov. : 19 exx., Bonghwa-gun, Mt. Seondalsan , 23–25 vi 1998, KL You, HJ Lim, FIT ; 1 ex., Daegu-si, Buk-gu, Gyeongbuk National University , 18 vii 1986 ; 1 ex., same data as former except for ‘ 6 ix 1986 ’. 1 ex., Asan-si, Eumbongmyeon, Ssangyong-ri , 28 vi 2006, N36°51'44.5" E127°04'15.7" 147 m, SJ Park, YH Kim, HW Kim, mushroom ; 1 ex., Muju-gun, Seolcheon-myeon, Mt. Deogyusan , 22–24 v 1998, KL You, HJ Lim. Gyeonggi Prov. : 1 ex., Incheon-si, Songdo , 25 vi 1988, YS Kim. Jeju Prov. : 1 ex., Jeju-si, Jocheon-eup, Goepyeongioreum , 28 v 2003, SJ Park, CW shin, MJ Jeon, sifting ; 1 ex., same data as former except for ‘ 13 vi 2005, SJ Park, MJ Jeon, SI Lee, sifting. Jeonbuk Prov. : 1 ex., Muju-gun, Mt. Deogyusan, Chilyeon-fall , 22–24 v 1998, KL You, HJ Lim, FIT. Jeonnam Prov. : 1 ex., Yeongam-gun, Mt. Wolchulsan , 21 iii 1987, JC Paik ; 1 ex., Wando-gun, Sinji-myeon , N34.32998 E126.80656, 1 viii 2003, SJ Park, JS Park, sifting .

Distribution. Korea (South, North), China (Beijing, Hong Kong, Sichuan, Yunnan, Zhejiang), Japan, India (Darjeeling District, Sikkim, Uttaranchal, Uttar Pradesh), Nepal, Afrotropical and Oriental regions.

Remarks. This species was first recorded in North Korea by Paśnik (2001) and is recorded here for the first time in South Korea.

Figures

FIGURE 1. Habitus. A, Acrotona (Acrotona) aterrima; B, A. (A.) koreana sp. nov.; C, A. (A.) lutulenta; D, A. (A.) pseudotenera; E, A. (A.) setaria; F, A. (A.) suspiciosa suspiciosa; G, A. (A.) vicaria.

FIGURE 7. Acrotona (Acrotona) vicaria. A: antenna; B: male abdominal tergite VIII (dorsal aspect); C: male abdominal sternite VIII (ventral aspect); D: female abdominal tergite VIII (dorsal aspect); E: female abdominal sternite VIII (ventral aspect); F: median lobe of aedeagus (lateral aspect); G: median lobe of aedeagus (ventral aspect); H: paramere (lateral aspect); I: spermatheca. Scales = 0.1 mm.