Reinmara enthona (Schaus, 1905)

Laurent, Ryan A. St, Herbin, Daniel & Mielke, Carlos G. C., 2017, Revision of the genus Reinmara Schaus, 1928 (Lepidoptera, Mimallonoidea, Mimallonidae) with the descriptions of four new species from South America, ZooKeys 677, pp. 97-129 : 101-103

Reinmara enthona (Schaus, 1905) Figs 1-5, 6, 23, 31, 36

Cicinnus enthona Schaus, 1905: 325-326

Reinmara enthona ; Schaus 1928, fig. ♂ 88b

Reinmara enthona ; Gaede 1931

Reinmara enthona ; Becker 1996

Reinmara enthona ; Herbin and Mielke 2014, fig. ♂ 42

Type material.

Holotype, ♂. FRENCH GUIANA: St. Jean, Maroni, F. Guiana/ [Holo]Type, No. 8888, U.S.N.M./ USNM-Mimal: 1059/ Collection Wm Schaus/ Perophora enthona Type Schaus/ St Laurent diss.: 11-1-16:3/ (USNM, examined). Type locality: French Guiana, St. Jean du Maroni.

Additional material examined.

(67 ♂, 3 ♀ total) SURINAME: 2 ♂, Moengo, Boven Cottica River: 26.V.1927, Cornell Univ. Lot 760, Sub 79, 80, St Laurent diss.: 10-25-15:2 (CUIC). 1 ♀, Brokopondo, Brownsberg NP, 490 m, 04°56'55"N, 055°10'55"W, 23:55 h, 28.III.2014, A.J. Hielkema [photographer], At HPL/BL (photo examined, Fig. 6, not collected). FRENCH GUIANA: 2 ♂, St. Laurent du Maroni, Cr. Naï, PK 13: 27.XII.1991, L. Sénécaux [leg.] (MNHN). 1 ♂, Rd. to Kaw, Camp Patawa: 25.III. -7.IV.2008, S. Kohll leg., DNA sample ID BC-Her 2691 (CDH). 1 ♂, 1♀, St. Jean du Maroni, Rd. Apatou, km 15: 27.VII.2011, Ph. Collet leg., UV (CPC). 1 ♂, St. Jean du Maroni: ex. Coll. Wm Schaus, USNM-Mimal:1784 (USNM). 1 ♀, Rd. to Kaw, km 37.5 + 2, 4°33.691'N, 52°08.391'W, 200 m: 30. VII– 8.VIII.2003, ex. Coll. M. Laguerre, DNA sample ID BC-Her 2707, genitalia prep. D. Herbin ref. H. 1103 (CDH). 1 ♂, Rd. to Kaw, km 45: 17.VII.1991, F. Bénéluz leg., BMNH(E) 2008-107, NHMUK010247865 (NHMUK). 1 ♂, Rd. to Kaw: 16-30.XII.1998, A. Le Flao leg. (MNHN). 1 ♂, Rd. to Kaw, km 47: 4.VIII.1991, F. Bénéluz leg., BMNH(E) 2008-107, NHMUK010588025 (NHMUK). 1 ♂, Rd. to Patagai, 5°20'34.23"N, 53°12'47.86"W, 58 m: 3.X.2013, D. Herbin & O. Felis leg. (CDH). 2 ♂, Rd. Patagai/Counamama, 5°20'34.23"N, 53°12'47.86"W, 58 m: 4.XII.2013, D. Herbin leg. (CDH). 1 ♂, Rd. Patagai/Counamama, 5°22'59.51"N, 53°12'27.25"W, 49 m: 23.XI.2013, D. Herbin leg. (CDH). 1 ♂, Saül, Point de vue: 29.VII.2011, Ph. Collet leg., UV (CPC). 1 ♂, Réserve de la Trinité, Aya Haute Koursibo: 7.XI.2013, E. Poirier leg., UV (CPC). 1 ♂, Mont Mitaraka, 300 m: 20.VIII.2015, La Planète Revisitée, MNHN-PNI, Guyane 2015, APA-973-1, Ph. Collet leg. (CPC). 1 ♂, Rd. Changement, km 7: 13.VIII.1991, F. Bénéluz leg., BMNH(E) 2008-107, NMHUK010247866 (NHMUK). 1 ♂, Nouragues, Pararé, 4.038113952°N, 52.67309734°W: 23.V.-5.VI.2014, J. Barber, N. Homziack, A.Y. Kawahara, A. Keener & B. Leavell leg., DNA voucher number LEP-34752 (MGCL, molecular collection, barcoded). 2 ♂, Rd. Apatou, Layons km 26, 5°14'46.31"N, 54°11'07.55"W, 126 m: 1.X.2013, D. Herbin & O. Felis leg. (CDH). 1 ♂, Rd. Apatou, Layons km 26, 5°14'46.38"N, 54°11'52.16"W, 99 m: 2.X.2013, D. Herbin & O. Felis leg. (CDH). 1 ♂, Plateau des Mines, 5°20'42.59"N, 53°4'31.96"W, 49 m: 4.X.2015, D. Herbin & M. Laguerre leg. (CDH). 1 ♂, Rd. Coralie, 4°29'07.43"N, 52°23'49.40"W, 40 m: 7.XII.2013, D. Herbin leg. (CDH). 1 ♂, Rd. Coralie, 4°29'07.43"N, 52°23'49.40"W, 40 m: 7.XII.2013, D. Herbin leg. (CDH). 3 ♂, Rd. Coralie, PK 2: IV.1993, J. Navatte, H. de Toulgoët (MNHN). 1 ♂, Roura, Rd. Coralie, PK 2: 10.XII.1991, P. Kindl, L. Sénécaux leg., Coll. P. Kindl (MNHN). 1 ♂, Surroundings of Coralie, rd. dégrad Correze, PK 0.1: 9.XII.1994, P. Kindl leg., Muséum Paris don de Th. Kindl (MNHN). 2 ♂, Roura, Coralie, Rd. of dégrad Corrèz, PK 0.1, P. 10.XII.1991, 16.IV.1994, Kindl leg., Muséum Paris don de Th. Kindl (MNHN). 2 ♂, Rd. de la Montagne de Fer, 5°20'21.17"N, 53°32'22.10"W, 88 m: 30.IX.2013, D. Herbin & O. Felis leg. (CDH). 2 ♂, Rd. de Kaw, PK 2.5: 25.III.-17.I.1986, P. Sarry leg., ex. Coll. J. Haxaire (CDH). 1 ♂, Rd. de Kaw, layon du PK 37 au km 2.6: 19.VII.2001, ex. Coll. M. Laguerre, DNA sample ID BC-Her 2708, genitalia prep. D. Herbin ref. H. 653 (CDH). 1 ♂, Nouragues research station, 4.098°N, 52.68°W: 9.IX.2010, C. Lopez Vaamonde leg., DNA sample ID BIOUG00730-A04 (MNHN). 1 ♂, Nouragues, Inselberg Camp, Heliport drop zone, 4.088°N, 52.681°W: 1.II.2011, M. Smith & R. Rougerie leg., DNA sample ID NS-RR0769 (MNHN). 1 ♂, Orapu, Crique Grillon: 13.IV.1994, P. Kindl leg. (MNHN). GUYANA: 1 ♂, Amazon-Courantyne divide, head of Oronoque River: 1937, H. Beddington [leg.], B.M. 1937-588 (NHMUK). 1 ♂, Potaro: II.1908, S.M. Klages [leg.], Rothschild Bequest BM 1939-1 (NHMUK). VENEZUELA: Amazonas: 1 ♂, Río Mavaca, 2°2'N, 65°6'W, 150 m: 16-27.III.1989, David Grimaldi leg., Exp. Phipps-Fudeci (AMNH). BRAZIL: Amazonas: 4 ♂, Reserva Ducke, km 26, Hwy. Manaus-Itacoatiara: 16.IV.1972, 20.IV.1972, 15.V.1972, 21.V.1972, E.G., I. & E.A. Munroe [leg.], St Laurent diss.: 5-18-16:1 (CNC). 1 ♂, Fonte Boa, Upper Amazons: VI.1906, S.M. Klages [leg.], Rothschild Bequest, BM 1939-1, NHMUK010354559, St Laurent diss.: 11-1-16:8 (NHMUK). 1 ♂, Manaus, Uypiranga, m/d [right margin] of Rio Negro: X.1941, Parko leg., N. 10.822 I. Oswaldo Cruz, USNM-Mimal: 2404 (USNM). Pará: 1 ♂, Ponte Nova, Rio Xingu: ex. Coll. Dognin, USNM-Mimal: 1785, St Laurent diss.: 11-1-16:4 (USNM). 1 ♂, Belém, 20 m: I.1984, V.O. Becker leg., ex. Coll. Becker 46466, USNM-Mimal: 2211 (USNM). 1 ♂, No specific locality: A.M. Moss [leg.], Rothschild Bequest, BM 1939-1 (NHMUK). Rondônia: 8 ♂, Porto Velho, 180 m: 24-30.IV.1989, V.O. Becker leg., ex. Coll. Becker 61968, USNM-Mimal: 2200-2207, St Laurent diss.: 11-1-16:5, 11-16:10 (USNM). 1 ♂, Vilhena, 600 m: 9.XII.1997, V.O. Becker leg., ex. Coll. Becker 111449, USNM-Mimal: 2029, St Laurent diss.: 11-16:16 (USNM). PERU: Madre de Dios: 1 ♂, Upper Río Madre de Dios, Manu Park, 30-40 km S Salvación, 300 m: VIII.1998 (MWM). 1 ♂, Río Madre de Diós, E. de Salvación, 300 m: VII.1998, don de Claude Lemaire (MNHN). Huánuco: 3 ♂, Yuyapichis, ACP Panguana, 9°36'S, 74°56'W, 220 m: VI.2013 [1 ♂], IX.2013 [2 ♂], H. Thöny leg. (MWM). 1 ♂, Yuyapichis, Fazenda Tropical, 9°37'S, 74°56'W, 210 m: VI.2013, A. Eichinger leg., Genitalia prep. No. 29.220 MWM (MWM).

Diagnosis.

Reinmara enthona , the type species of the genus Reinmara , is recognizable by the extensive suffusion of pinkish gray in the medial area. It is very similar to the following two species, but of the three species, R. enthona has the most extensive rosy medial suffusion, and a narrow submarginal area with quite falcate forewings (like R. atlantica sp. n., but unlike R. andensis sp. n.). The genitalia are intermediate in size between those of R. andensis and R. atlantica . The large diaphragmal sacks of R. enthona are similar to, but still smaller than those of R. andensis , whereas the same sacks of R. atlantica are about 50% smaller.

Description.

Male.Head: As for genus, but light brown in color. Thorax: Coloration as for head. Legs: Coloration as for thorax, vestiture thick, long. Forewing dorsum: Forewing length: 16-22 mm, avg.: 19 mm, wingspan: 36-43 mm, n=16. Triangular, outer margin concave below apex; tornus notched, apex usually somewhat falcate. Ground color light brown to rich chocolate brown, very sparsely scattered with tiny, dark-brown, petiolate scales. Ante- and medial areas lighter brown than darker brown submarginal area, though in some specimens medial area may be very dark brown with less suffusion of grayish pink, lighter pinkish-gray scales present throughout medial area, including near costa on outer edge of postmedial line. Antemedial line almost nonexistent. Discal spot dark ovoid mark, surrounded by pale-gray scales, darker central area variable in expanse. Fringe coloration lighter brown than wing margin. Forewing ventrum: Similar to dorsum but more homogenously brown overall with very obvious black splotch at costa where postmedial line meets it, covering of dark petiolate scales may be much more extensive than on dorsum. Antemedial line absent, postmedial line reduced to traces. Hindwing dorsum: Notch on anterior margin weak, patterning as for forewing dorsum, but antemedial line absent, discal mark and postmedial line weakly defined. Hindwing ventrum: Following same pattern as forewing ventrum but traces of postmedial line outwardly bent mesally. Abdomen: Coloration as for thorax. Genitalia: (Fig. 23) n=10. Typical of genus, uncus triangular but truncated distally. Gnathos with relatively short fingerlike tips of paired extensions. Valves broad, phallus somewhat conical, curved, distally quite broadened, but variable in width. Female.Head: As for male but slightly broader; antenna dentate with very small pectinations along entire length of flagellum. Thorax: As for male. Legs: As for male. Forewing dorsum: Forewing length: 23 mm, wingspan: 43 mm, n=1. As for male but much broader, margin convex except for just below apex; tornus strongly notched. Coloration and patterning usually as for male but medial area more uniformly pink, discal mark nearly absent. Forewing ventrum: Similar to dorsum but appearing browner overall due to absence of well-defined ante- and medial pink shading. Antemedial line absent, postmedial line reduced to traces, discal mark more prominent, darker than on forewing dorsum. Hindwing dorsum: Similar to forewing dorsum, but notch present on anterior margin, patterning as for forewing dorsum, but antemedial line absent. Hindwing ventrum: Following same pattern as forewing ventrum. Abdomen: Similar to that of male but more robust overall. Genitalia: (Fig. 31) n=1. Stout, robust; tergite of VIII forms elongated, posteriorly directed tongue-like overhang, VIII heavily sclerotized laterally forming curving plate below papillae anales. Apophyses anteriores roughly half-length of apophyses posteriores. Lamella ante- and postvaginalis converge as a wide, bowl-like structure covered in setae. Ductus bursae short, narrow. Balloon-like corpus bursae rather small in comparison to robust, heavily sclerotized remainder of genitalia. Papillae anales broad, apical pronounced, covered in long, fine setae.

Distribution

(Fig. 36). This species is broadly distributed throughout the Amazon rainforest at lower elevations. There are records from Venezuela, Suriname, Guyana, French Guiana, Brazil, and Peru.

Remarks.

Considering the expansive distribution of R. enthona , this name potentially includes several cryptic species. This section of the genus Reinmara warrants future investigation, especially on the lower and moderate elevations of the eastern Andes Mountains. We call attention to specimens from moderate elevations in Peru (MWM) and those from about 1400 m in Ecuador (MGCL) which could be R. enthona , R. andensis sp. n., or additional taxa. See remarks of R. andensis sp. n. for further discussion on this matter.