Reddyanus besucheti ( Vachon, 1982 ) Kovařík & Lowe & Ranawana & Hoferek & Š, 2016

Kovařík, František, Lowe, Graeme, Ranawana, Kithsiri B., Hoferek, David & Š, V. A., 2016, Scorpions of Sri Lanka (Scorpiones Buthidae, Chaerilidae, Scorpionidae) with description of four new species of the genera Charmus Karsch, 1879 and Reddyanus Vachon, 1972, stat n, Euscorpius 220, pp. 1-133 : 61-64

Reddyanus besucheti ( Vachon, 1982) comb. n.

( Figs. 14 , 205 , 211–212 , 227–228 , 246, 255 , 291–302, 411–412, 562, 564, 566–567, Tables 3 , 5 )

Isometrus (Reddyanus) besucheti Vachon, 1982: 93–97 , figs. 47, 51–57, 90–91; Fet & Lowe, 2000: 151; Lourenço & Huber, 2002: 267; Kovařík, 2003: 5–6 ; Kovařík & Ojanguren, 2013: 186 (in part).

TYPE LOCALITY AND TYPE REPOSITORY. Sri Lanka, Ambagaswewa ; MHNG.

TYPE MATERIAL EXAMINED. Sri Lanka, Ambagaswewa , Locality 44 , 3.II.1970, leg. C. Besuchet et Y. Löbl, 1♂ (holotype, Figs. 211 , 411 , 566, Table 3 ), MHNG.

OTHER MATERIAL EXAMINED. Sri Lanka, North Central Province, Polonnaruwa District, ca 35 km from Dambula , 07°57'15.1"N 080°54'45,4"E, 132 m a.s.l. (Locality 15CD, Fig. 578 ), 22. IV.2015, 2♂ (topotypes, Figs. 205 , 227 , 246, 255 , 291–292, 295–297), FKCP, leg. Kovařík et al.; North Central Province, Polonnaruwa District, near Kaudulla National Park , 08°08'40.6"N 080°51' 04"E, 101 m a.s.l. (Locality 15CF, Fig. 581 ) , 23. IV. 2015, 1♂ ( Fig. 562, 564 , 56 7 ), FKCP, leg. Kovařík et al.; Central Province, Matale District, Habarana, Wananiwahana Resort , 07°59'25.8"N 080°43'24.6"E, 280 m a.s.l. (Locality 15CG, Fig. 582 ), 23. –24. IV.2015, 1♀ ( Figs. 212 , 228 , 293–294, 298–300, 302, 412), FKCP, leg. Kovařík et al.; North Central Province, Anuradhapura District, Mihintale , 08°20'51.8"N 080°30'27.7"E, 156 m a.s.l. (Locality 15CL, Fig. 589 ), 27. –28.IV.2015, 1♀ 1juv.♂, FKCP, leg. Kovařík et al .

DIAGNOSIS. Total length 30–45 mm. Male with slightly longer metasomal segments and telson than female. Segments of pedipalps approximately the same length in both sexes, pedipalp chela wider in male. Pedipalps and legs with brown maculation, identical on femur and patella. First metasomal segment with 10 carinae, second through fourth segments with eight carinae, fifth segment with five carinae in female and three to five in male. Posterior terminal tubercle of each dorsal carina on metasomal segments of both sexes scarcely larger than preceding tubercles. Subaculear tooth wide and rounded, dorsally with granules in three rows, four symmetrical granules and one or two granules on tip. Glabrous zone along posterior margin of fifth sternite either absent or present. Pectinal teeth number 12–18 in both sexes.

DISTRIBUTION. Sri Lanka

Figures

Figures 12–15: Maps showing the known geographical distribution of the Sri Lankan species.

Figures 201–208: Distal segments of legs, retroventral view of Sri Lankan Reddyanus. Figures 201–204. R. ceylonensis sp. n., male holotype from locality 15CI, legs I–IV. Figures 205–208. Leg IV. R. besucheti, male from locality 15CD (205), R. jayarathnei sp. n., male paratype (206), R. loebli, male from locality 15CG (207), and R. ranawanai sp. n., male holotype (208).

Figures 209–224: Metasomal segments II–III, lateral view of Sri Lankan Reddyanus and Isometrus species. Figures 209–210. Reddyanus basilicus, male (209) and female (210) from locality 15CR. Figures 211–212. R. besucheti, male holotype (211) and female from locality 15CG (212). Figures 213–214. R. ceylonensis sp. n., male holotype (213) and female paratype from locality 15CI (214). Figures 215–216. R. jayarathnei sp. n., male (215) and female (216) paratypes. Figures 217–218. R. loebli, male (217) and female (218) from locality 15CG. Figures 219–220. R. ranawanai sp. n., male holotype (219) and female paratype (220). Figures 221–222. Isometrus maculatus, male from locality 15CP (221) and female from locality 15CI (222). Figures 223– 224. I. thwaitesi, male from locality 15CH (223) and female from locality 15CO (224).

Figures 225–240: Pedipalp, dorsal view of Sri Lankan Reddyanus and Isometrus species. Figures 225–226. Reddyanus basilicus, male (225) and female (226) from locality 15CR. Figures 227–228. R. besucheti, male from locality 15CD (227) and female from locality 15CG (228). Figures 229–230. R. ceylonensis sp. n., male holotype (229) and female paratype from locality 15CI (230). Figures 231–232. R. jayarathnei sp. n., male (231) and female (232) paratypes. Figures 233–234. R. loebli, male (233) and female (234) from locality 15CG. Figures 235–236. R. ranawanai sp. n., male holotype (235) and female paratype (236). Figures 237–238. Isometrus maculatus, male from locality 15CP (237) and female from locality 15CI (238). Figures 239–240. I. thwaitesi, male from locality 15CH (239) and female from locality 15CO (240).

Figures 241–259: Pedipalp chela dorsal (241), movable finger (242–250), and fixed finger (251–259) of Sri Lankan Isometrus, Lychas, and Reddyanus species. Figures 241–242, 252. Isometrus maculatus, female from locality 15CO (241) and male from locality 15CP (242, 252). Figures 243–244, 253. I. thwaitesi, male from locality 15CH (243) and female from locality 15CO (244, 253). Figures 245, 254. Reddyanus basilicus, male from locality 15CS. Figures 246, 255. R. besucheti, male from locality 15CD. Figures 247, 256. R. ceylonensis sp. n., male holotype. Figures 248, 257. R. jayarathnei sp. n., male paratype. Figures 249, 258. R. loebli, male from locality 15CG. Figures 250, 259. R. ranawanai sp. n., male holotype. Figure 251. Lychas srilankensis, male from locality 15CO.

Figures 403–429: Telson, lateral view of Sri Lankan Buthidae and Chaerilidae species. Figures 403–404. Isometrus maculatus, male from locality 15CP (403) and female from locality 15CI (404). Figures 405–406. I. thwaitesi, male from locality 15CH (405) and female from locality 15CO (406). Figures 407–408. Lychas srilankensis, male (407) and female (408) from locality 15CJ. Figures 409–410. Reddyanus basilicus, male (409) and female (410) from locality 15CR. Figures 411–412. R. besucheti, male holotype (411) and female from locality 15CG (412). Figures 413–414. R. ceylonensis sp. n., male holotype (413) and female paratype (414) from locality 15CI. Figures 415–416. R. jayarathnei sp. n., male (415) and female (416) paratypes. Figures 417–418. R. loebli, male (417) and female (418) from locality 15CG. Figures 419–420. R. ranawanai sp. n., male holotype (419) and female paratype (420). Figures 421–422: Buthoscorpio sarasinorum, male from locality 15CF (421) and female from locality 15CG (422). Figures 423–424. Charmus laneus, male (423) and female (424) from locality 15CO. Figures 425–426. Charmus saradieli sp. n. male paratype (425) (MHNG) and female holotype (426). Figurs 427. Hottentotta tamulus, male from locality 15CK (427). Figures 428–429. Chaerilus ceylonensis, male (428) and female (429) from locality 15CD.

Figures 577–578: Figure 577. Locality 15CC, Sri Lanka, Central Province, Kandy District, 20 km S Kandy, Meegammana, Wattegama, 07°20'41.9"N 080°39'30.6"E, 534 m a.s.l.. We collected a female of Heterometrus indus close to a house on 21.IV.2015 evening. There also lives Isometrus sp. Figure 578. Locality 15CD, Sri Lanka, North Central Province, Polonnaruwa District, ca 35 km from Dambula, 07°57'15.1"N 080°54'45,4"E, 132 m a.s.l. During the day 22.IV.2015 under stones we recorded Reddyanus besucheti (close to the type locality) and Chaerilus ceylonensis.

Figures 579–581: Figures 579–580. Locality 15CE, Sri Lanka, North Central Province, Polonnaruwa District, Giritale, 08°01'26.0"N 080°54'37.2"E, 233 m a.s.l. During night collecting on 22.–23.IV.2015 in the hotel garden (UV detection) we recorded Heterometrus swammerdami (inside the termite constructions, Fig. 580) and Heterometrus gravimanus inside burrows in open terrain. The mothers had 30 to 60 cm long oblique burrows usually once curved from which several narrow burrows created by their juveniles separated under surface. Every burrow of juveniles has a proper exit 15 to 90 cm from the main exit of the motherś burrow. On the locality we recorded night temperature 32.8 ºC– 26.5 ºC (minimum temperature) and night humidity varied between 51% and 79%. Figure 581. Locality 15CF, Sri Lanka, North Central Province, Polonnaruwa District, near Kaudulla National Park, 08°08'40.6"N 080°51'04"E, 101 m a.s.l. During a day 23.IV.2015 we recorded Buthoscorpio sarasinorum (under stones or woods), Isometrus thwaitesi (under dry bark of standing trees), Reddyanus besucheti (under stones), and Chaerilus ceylonensis (under stones).

Figures 555–570: Key characters for distinguishing males of Sri Lankan Isometrus and Reddyanus. Figures 555–556, 565– 566. Pedipalp chela dorsal view, I. maculatus from locality 15CP (555), I. thwaitesi from locality 15CH (556), R. basilicus, holotype (565), and R. besucheti, holotype (566). Figures 557–558. Sternopectinal area, I. maculatus from locality 15CP (557), and I. thwaitesi from locality 15CH (558). Figures 559–560, 567–570. Sternite V, I. maculatus from locality 15CP (559), I. thwaitesi from locality 15CH (560), R. besucheti, from locality 15CF (567), R. ceylonensis sp. n., holotype (568), R. jayarathnei sp. n., paratype (569), and R. ranawanai sp. n., paratype (570). Figures 561–564. Metasomal segment II lateral (561–562) and pedipalp patella dorsal (563–564), R. loebli from locality 15CG (561, 563) and R. besucheti, from locality 15CF (562, 564).

Figures 54–59: Charmus laneus from locality 15CO. Figures 54–55. Male 14.7 mm long in dorsal (54) and ventral (55) views. Figures 56–57. Juvenile male 7.5 mm long in dorsal (56) and ventral (57) views. Figures 58–59. Female 20.1 mm long in dorsal (58) and ventral (59) views.

Figures 582–584: Figures 582–583. Locality 15CG, Sri Lanka, Central Province, Matale District, Habarana, Wananiwahana Resort, 07°59'25.8"N 080°43'24.6"E, 280 m a.s.l. During night collecting on 23.–24.IV.2015 in Wananiwahana resort garden (UV detection) we recorded Buthoscorpio sarasinorum (running on the land among leaves), Reddyanus besucheti (on the land among leaves) and Reddyanus loebli (hidden under scales of barks of standing tree trunks, see the blue arrows on the Fig. 583). On the locality we recorded night temperature 28.4 ºC– 24 ºC (minimum temperature) and night humidity varied between 55% and 87%. Figure 584. Locality 15CH, Sri Lanka, Northern Province, Mannar District, Madhu Road, 08°48'26.3"N 080°10'26"E, 90 m a.s.l. During night collecting on 24.–25.IV.2015 (UV detection) we recorded Isometrus maculatus and Isometrus thwaitesii sympatrically (running on branches and trunks of trees, also siting on leaves one to four metres high), Reddyanus ceylonensis sp. n. (on the land among leaves), Reddyanus loebli (hidden under scales of barks of standing tree trunks).

Figures 588–589: Figure 588. Locality 15CK, Sri Lanka, Northern Province, Jaffna District, 09°49'15.4"N 080°08'41.6"E, 19 m a.s.l. During day 27.IV.2015 we recorded Hottentotta tamulus under stones or woods and also in vicinity of houses. Figure 589. Locality 15CL, Sri Lanka, North Central Province, Anuradhapura District, Mihintale, 08°20'51.8"N 080°30'27.7"E, 156 m a.s.l. During night collecting on 27.–28.IV.2015 (UV detection) we recorded Isometrus thwaitesii (running on branches and trunks of trees, also sitting on leaves), Reddyanus besucheti (on the ground among leaves), Reddyanus loebli (hidden under scales of bark of standing tree trunks) and Heterometrus swammerdami (inside burrows). On the locality we recorded night temperature 27.4 ºC– 24.5 ºC (minimum temperature) and night humidity varied between 64% and 87%.