Anthophorula (Anthophorisca) chionura, (COCKERELL)

Rozen, Jerome G., 2011, Immatures of Exomalopsine Bees with Notes on Nesting Biology and a Tribal Key to Mature Larvae of Noncorbiculate, Nonparasitic Apinae (Hymenoptera: Apidae), American Museum Novitates 2011 (3726), pp. 1-52 : 14-15

ANTHOPHORULA (ANTHOPHORISCA) CHIONURA (COCKERELL)

Figure 33

Rozen (1957) originally described the mature larva of this species as Exomalopsis chionura .

DIAGNOSIS: Mature larvae of this species and others of the subgenus Anthophorisca can be distinguished from those of other exomalopsine treated here because they possess projecting salivary lips and their mandibles bear two acutely pointed terminal teeth. Unfortunately, the species of this subgenus cannot be certainly distinguished from one another. A helpful distin- guishing character of the subgenus is the apically rounded antennal papilla that is shorter than its basal diameter in combination with projecting salivary lips.

Head: Antennal papilla about as long as basal diameter, much shorter than maxillary palpus. Labrum with apical edge broadly curved in frontal view; epipharyngeal surface bearing dense patch of long spicules on each side; mandibular corium with fine spicules.

Mandibular apex bifid, with dorsal tooth longer; both teeth acutely pointed; notch separating apical teeth sharply defined; dorsal apical edge of mandible with small teeth; ventral apical edge with one or two small teeth near apex of ventral apical tooth; spines of upper edge of cusp abundant, becoming elongate toward mandibular base; lower edge of cusp with row of approximately 5–6 stout spines, with largest ones at leading edge of cusp, smaller spines decreasing in size extending basad until meeting upper edge. Labial palpus about twice as long as basal diameter. Apex of salivary lips wider than one-half distance between bases of labial palpi in frontal view.

Body: Spiracular atrium consisting of approximately 10–12 chambers. Male with small but well-defined transverse median scar on apex of ventral protuberance of abdominal segment 9.

MATERIAL STUDIED: Numerous (10+) pre- and postdefecating larvae: CA: Marin Co.: Alpine Lake , VIII-12-1955 (C.D. MacNeill, J.G. Rozen). This was the collection studied by Rozen (1957) .

REMARKS: Rozen and MacNeill (1957) studied the nesting biology of this species.

Figures

FIGURES 32–36. Apices of right mandibles of mature larvae of Exomalopsini outer surface, figures 32–36 to same scale, apical end toward bottom, showing variation in shape, as follows: 32. Anthophorula completa, 33. A. chionura, 34. A. uncicornis, 35. Exomalopsis auropilosa, and 36. Exo. solidaginis. FIGURES 37–40. Outer apical surface of right mandibles of mature larvae of Chilimalopsis parvula and Teratognatha modesta, demonstrating both differences between the two taxa, and differences between predefecating and postdefecating stages of the same taxon resulting from wear. 37, 38. Chilimalopsis parvula, pre- and postdefecating larva¸ respectively. 39, 40. Teratognatha modesta, pre- and postdefecating larva, respectively. Figures 37–40 to approximately same scale.