Trypanoxyuris seunimii, Solórzano-García & Ospina & Rondón & León, 2020

Solórzano-García, Brenda, Ospina, Andrés Link, Rondón, Silvia & León, Gerardo Pérez-Ponce de, 2020, Pinworms of the red howler monkey (Alouatta seniculus) in Colombia: Gathering the pieces of the pinworm-primate puzzle, International Journal for Parasitology: Parasites and Wildlife 11, pp. 17-28 : 20

3.1.2. Trypanoxyuris seunimii n. sp. ( Fig. 2 )

Description based on 37 specimens. Buccal aperture delimited by three notched and bilobulated lips, one dorsal and two subventral; lobes in the left ventral lip approximately symmetrical ( Fig. 2 ).

Females (n = 27): Lips show discrete bilateral lateral indentations in the upper border, of the dorsal lip, while unilateral at the most ventral border of both ventral lips Lateral alae single crested ( Fig. 2 ). Measurements are given in Table 2

Males (n = 10). Right ventral lip triangular-shaped; notches in ventral lips less conspicuous than in females and more subtle in dorsal lip; arch between lobes significantly smaller in the left ventral lip compared with the dorsal lip and discreet in the right ventral lip ( Fig. 2 ). Measurements are given in Table 3. 3.1.2.1. Taxonomic summary . Type-host: A. seniculus (Linneus, 1766) , red howler monkey.

Site of infection: Not determined (samples were obtained from faeces).

Type-locality: San Juan del Carare , Santander Department, Colombia (06̊ 43 N, 74̊ 09′W; 150 m. a.s.l.) .

Type material: Holotype: CNHE: No 11212, paratypes CNHE: No. 11213.

No of individuals: 37/99 (37.4%) of the recovered specimens of Trypanoxyuris belong to this species.

Etymology: The specific epithet derives from the Tucano dialect for howler monkey “seunimi”.

3.1.2.2. Remarks. Mixed infections with T. seunimii and other three species of Trypanoxyuris occurring in the same individual host were found in this study. Trypanoxyuris seunimii n. sp. was found as the most abundant pinworm parasitizing red howler monkeys and it is clearly distinguished by the presence of three bilobulated lips in females, instead of two bilobulated lips as in the other Trypanoxyuris species. Also, the single crested lateral alae in females differentiates this species from the rest. Males are difficult to distinguish; however, the triangular-shaped and slightly bilobulated right ventral lip, the symmetry between lobes in the left ventral lip, and the presence of notches in all three lips, differentiate T. seunimii n. sp. males from the those of the other species. The new species morphologically resembles T. pigrae ; the main differences between the two species are the three bilobulated lips in T. seunimii n. sp. females; and the presence of sharp protuberances formed as a result of the notches in the lips of T. pigrae males which are not observable in males of the new species. Additionally, T. pigrae is only found in A. pigra and T. seunimii n. sp. is found in A. seniculus . Caudal structures in males of the new species are similar to several Trypanoxyuris found in howler monkeys, as well as egg size and shape, making these characters not useful for species diagnosis.

Figures

Fig. 2. Trypanoxyuris seunimii n. sp. (A) Female full body, lateral view. (B) Female cephalic end, apical view. (C) Male cephalic end, apical view, (D) Female cross section showing lateral ala; (E) Egg; (F) Male full body, lateral view; (G) Male posterior end, ventral view; (H) Male posterior end, lateral view.