Amenis pedro O. Mielke & Casagrande, 2022

Zhang, Jing, Cong, Qian, Shen, Jinhui, Song, Leina, Orellana, Andrés, Brockmann, Ernst, Mielke, Carlos G. C., Mielke, Olaf H. H., Costa, Mauro & Grishin, Nick V., 2023, Lessons from the genomic analysis of Hesperiidae (Lepidoptera) holotypes in the MIZA collection (Maracay, Venezuela), Zootaxa 5319 (4), pp. 573-581 : 575

Amenis pedro O. Mielke & Casagrande, 2022 , stat. nov.

Originally proposed as a subspecies, Amenis pionia pedro O. Mielke & Casagrande, 2022 (type locality in Brazil: Bahia, holotype DZ24.624 sequenced), shows notable differences from Amenis pionia pionia (Hewitson, 1857) , both in the nuclear and mitochondrial genomes ( Fig. 1 ). Although their COI barcodes are 1.7–1.8% (11–12 bp) different ( Mielke et al. 2022), they are more likely to be species-level taxa, rather than subspecies, because these differences are comparable to those between Amenis picia Evans, 1951 (type locality in Colombia, Bogota region) and Amenis ponina (Herrich-Schäffer, 1869) (type locality in Venezuela: Aragua, neotype DZ36.851 sequenced) ( Fig. 1 and COI barcodes 2%, 13 bp different). Note the divergence in the mitochondrial genomes ( Fig. 1b ) is similar in both pairs. Therefore, we propose that it is a species-level taxon Amenis pedro O. Mielke & Casagrande, 2022 , stat. nov.

Figures

FIGURE 1. Phylogenetic trees of selected Pyrrhopyginae species constructed from protein-coding regions in a) Z chromosome and b) mitochondrial genome: Amenis pionia (gray), Amenis pedro stat. nov. (dark blue), Amenis picia (maroon), Amenis ponina (green), Jemadia pseudognetus (blue), Jemadia hospita (purple), Jemadia demarmelsi (orange), Jemasonia pater (cyan), Jemasonia albescens (red), Jemasonia hewitsonii (oilve), and Jemasonia sosia stat. rest. (aquamarine) The holotypes of species proposed by Orellana ([2010]) are labeled in magenta and highlighted in yellow. Statistical support values are shown at nodes. For each specimen, the name adopted in this work is given first, with comments or previously used name listed in square brackets (if different), supplemented with the DNA sample number, type status (see Materials and Methods for abbreviations) general locality and year it was collected (old means around and prior to the beginning of the 20th century, exact year not specified). See NCBI database entries in the bioproject PRJNA986225 for additional data about these specimens. Synonyms are given in parentheses preceded by “=”. The type status refers to this synonym, if the synonym name is provided.