Theneidae, Carter, 1883

Łukowiak, Magdalena, Pisera, Andrzej & Stefanska, Tetiana, 2019, Uncovering the hidden diversity of Paleogene sponge fauna of the East European Platform through reassessment of the record of isolated spicules, Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 64 (4), pp. 871-895 : 876

Theneidae indet.

Fig. 4A .

Material.—Middle Eocene, south-central Ukraine.

Remarks.—The long, thin protriaene ( Fig. 4A ) may be assigned to Theneidae . This type of spicules appear, e.g., in Thenea megaspina Lendenfeld, 1907 ( Lendenfeld 1907: pl. 21: 20). The same applies for the diaenes ( Fig. 1Y , AA) which resemble spicules of T. megaspina Lendenfeld, 1907 (compare Lendenfeld 1907: pl. 21: 21). However, geodiid affinity of the latter spicules cannot be ruled out either.

Figures

Fig. 4. Spicule morphotypes from south-central Ukraine; Russkie Tiŝki, middle Eocene (A, O), Nikol’skoe, upper Eocene (B, C), Kantemirovka, middle Eocene (D), Melovoe, upper Eocene (E), Staroverovka, middle Eocene (F), Kantemirovka, upper Eocene (G, I), Markovka, upper Eocene (H, N), Pogonovka borehole, upper Eocene (J, L, M), Markovka, middle Eocene (K, P, T), Kiselevka, middle Eocene (Q), Lipcy, middle Eocene (R), and Kiselevka, upper Eocene (S). A. Protriaene. B, C. Anatriaenes. D. Centrotylote oxea. E–H. Amphitriaenes. I–K. Acanthotriods. L, M. Verticillate oxeas. N. Verticillate style. O–R, T. Acanthoxeas. S. Sanidaster. After Ivanik (2003); modified.

Fig. 1. Spicule morphotypes from south-central Ukraine; Grigorevka borehole, upper Eocene (B), Glâdov Âr, Upper Cretaceous (A, G, J), Pogonovka borehole, upper Eocene (C), Russkie Tiŝki, middle Eocene (D, F, I, O, W, X, Z, AA), Markovka, upper Eocene (E, H, N), Nikol’skoe, upper Eocene (K, L, Q, T, U, V), Pesčanoe, upper Eocene (M, AB), Kantemirovka, upper Eocene (P), Harkov region, middle Eocene (S), Verhnee, lower Eocene (R), and Staroverovka, middle Eocene (Y). A, G, H. Aspidasters. B. Spheraster. C, E, J, N. Sterrasters. D, F. Selenasters. I. Triaene. K, X. Mesotriaene. L, O. Anatriaenes. M, AB. Dichotriaenes. Q. Centrotylote?oxea. R.?Triaene. S. Plagiotriaene. P, T, U. Triaenes. V. Irregular triaene. W. Style. Y– AA. Diaenes. After Ivanik (2003); modified.