Ipomoea plummerae A. Gray

Wood, John R. I., Munoz-Rodriguez, Pablo, Williams, Bethany R. M. & Scotland, Robert W., 2020, A foundation monograph of Ipomoea (Convolvulaceae) in the New World, PhytoKeys 143, pp. 1-823 : 1

287. Ipomoea plummerae A. Gray , Syn. Fl. N. Amer. Ed. 2, 1: 434. 1886. (Gray 1886: 434)

Ipomoea plummerae var. typica Ooststr. , Recueil. Trav. Bot. Neerl. 30: 210. 1933. (Ooststroom 1933: 210), nom. illeg. superfl.

Quamoclit pedata M. Martens & Galeoti , Bull. Acad. Roy. Sci. Bruxelles 12: 270. 1845. (Martens and Galeotti 1845: 270), non Ipomoea pedata G. Don (1838) . Type. MEXICO. [Jalisco], Guadalajara, H. Galeotti 1392 (lectotype BR00006972714, designated here).

Ipomoea capillacea var. patens A. Gray, Syn. Fl. N. Amer. , ed. 2: 434. 1886. (Gray 1886: 434). Type. MEXICO. Nuevo Leon, E. Palmer 910 (lectotype GH00054486 (portion on left side of sheet), designated by McDonald 1995: 111).

Ipomoea patens (A. Gray) House Ann , New York Acad. Sci. 18: 237. 1908. (House 1908b: 237).

Ipomoea armata var. patens (A. Gray) M.E. Jones, Contr. W. Bot. 12: 53. 1908 (Jones 1908: 53).

Ipomoea minuta R.E. Fries , Nova Acta Regiae Soc. Sci. Upsal. 4: 113. 1905 (Fries (1905: 113). Type. ARGENTINA. Jujuy, Santa Catalina , Kurtz 11437 (lectotype S, designated by McDonald (1995: 111) portion with barcode S07-4678 redesignated as lectotype here).

Ipomoea cuneifolia A. Gray , Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 19: 90. 1884 [pub. 1883]. (Gray 1883: 434), nom. illeg., non Ipomoea cuneifolia Meisn. (1869) . Type. UNITED STATES., Arizona, J.G. Lemmon 2837 (holotype GH00054458, isotypes BM, CAS, F, MO, NY!, US!).

Ipomoea egregia House , Torreya 6: 124. 1906. (House 1906: 124). Type. based on Ipomoea cuneifolia A. Gray

Ipomoea plummerae var. cuneifolia (A. Gray) J.F. Macbr., Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist. , Bot. Ser. 11: 4. 1931. (Macbride 1931: 4).

Ipomoea plummerae forma adiantifolia Ooststr., Recueil. Trav. Bot. Neerl. 30: 210. 1933. (Ooststroom 1933: 210). Type. PERU. Arequipa, A. Weberbauer 1561 (holotype B?†.).

Ipomoea minuta forma adiantifolia (Ooststr.) O’Donell, Lilloa 29: 193. 1959. ( O’Donell 1959b: 193).

Ipomoea plummerae forma rhombifolia Ooststr., Recueil. Trav. Bot. Neerl. 30: 221. 1936. (Ooststroom 1936: 221). Type. BOLIVIA. Potosi, Lagunillas, M. Cardenas 430 (lectotype US00390637, designated by McDonald (1995: 115).

Ipomoea plummerae var. cupulata J.A. McDonald, Harvard Pap. Bot. 6: 115. 1995. (McDonald 1995: 115). Type. MEXICO. Chihuahua, Río Mayo, H.S. Gentry 2541 (holotype GH00054529, isotypes ARIZ, CAS, F, K).

Type.

UNITED STATES. South Arizona, Wright, Loew, Mr and Mrs J.G. Lemmon 2839 (holotype GH00054464 (portion on top right of sheet), isotypes UC).

Description.

Completely glabrous perennial herb with subterranean bulb-like root tuber; stems usually several, branched near base, decumbent or ascending, up to 30 cm long but often very short. Leaves petiolate, small, digitately divided into 5-7 segments, segments 3-30 × 1-3 mm, linear to linear-oblanceolate, obtuse and mucronate or (less commonly) simple, rhomboidal, basally cuneate but apically acute or 3-fid with acute lobes; petioles 3-15 mm. Flowers solitary, axillary; peduncles 5-12(-40) mm; bracteoles 1-2 mm, filiform; pedicels 1-4 mm; sepals slightly unequal outer 5.5.-7 mm, oblong, acute to obtuse, muricate, inner similar but 7-8 mm and with broad scarious margins and green, central, sometimes muricate midrib; corolla 2-3 cm long, glabrous, funnel-shaped; tube dirty white, limb dark pink, c. 2 cm diam., unlobed. Capsules 6-7 mm long, subglobose, glabrous, the slender style persistent, up to 6-seeded; seeds 3-4 mm, dark brown, minutely tomentellous.

Illustration.

Figures 2E , 141A, B; O 'Donell (1959b: 191).

Distribution.

A species with a disjunct distribution closely paralleling that of Ipomoea pubescens , being found in Colombia, Peru, Bolivia and Argentina in South America and the United States and Mexico in North America. It is characteristic of open stony hillsides with subpuna vegetation between 2400 and 4000 m, the lower altitudes recorded from the extreme south and the extreme north of its range. It usually grows in small populations, often only a single plant being found.

ARGENTINA. Catamarca: El Candado, P. Jorgensen 1043 (LIL, MO); Ambat, A.T. Hunziker & T di Fulvio 19823 (CORD); R. Schreiter 10559 (LIL). Córdoba: A. Burkart 7447 (SI). Jujuy: F.O. Zuloaga et al. 6039 (MO). La Rioja: Kurtz 15482 (CORD). Salta: L.J. Novara 1601 (S), E. Zardini et al. 1880 (MO). San Luis: Vignati 169 (LP). Tucumán: C. Olrog s.n. [1/1951] (S); Tafi, Schickendantz 1892 (LIL).

BOLIVIA. Chuquisaca: Oropeza: H. Huaylla 989 (MO); Tomina, El Villar, Carretero et al. 1153 (ARIZ, HSB, MO); Zudañez, A.N.M.I. El Palmar, J.R.I. Wood 17843 (K, LPB). Cochabamba: Arque, P. Ibisch & Rojas 745 (BOLV, LPB); Carrasco, López Mendoza, J.R.I. Wood 8959 (K, LPB). Cercado, M. Cardenas 2261 (GH, LIL); Quillacollo, M. Zarate et al. 2180 (BOLV, LPB, MO). La Paz: Larecaja, G. Mandon 1490 (BM, K, P, NY, S); Murillo, Aranjuez, S.G. Beck 24966 (LPB). Potosí: Bustillos, S.G. Beck 6172 (LPB); Charcas, Torotoro, J.R.I. Wood et al. 19214 (BOLV, K, LPB); Frías, La Palca-Cayara, J.R.I. Wood 9021 (K, LPB); Sud Chichas, F. Zenteno 11610 (LPB). Santa Cruz: Vallegrande, L. Arroyo et al. 5466 (USZ). Tarija: Arce, Cerro Pabellón, S.G. Beck et al. 26106 (LPB); Cercado, Tucumilla, K. Fiebrig 2446 (BM, K, GH, P).

PERU. Apurimac: Grau, C. Vargas 12413 (CUZ); Abancay, C. Vargas 9055 (CUZ). Arequipa: Quequena, D. Stafford 1293 (BM). Ayacucho: J. Barrientos 78 (USM). Cusco: D. Stafford 221 (BM); Urubamba, P. Nuñez 7444 (MO, USM); Calca, C. Vargas 6364 (CUZ). Lima: E. Asplund 13822 (S); Surco, R. Ferreyra 9654 (USM). Junín: Tarma, P.C. Hutchison & O. Tovar 4206 (MO). Moquequa: Carumas, A. Weberbauer 7275 (BM, S); D. Montesinos 751 (USM). Puno: J. Soukup 485 (P); C. Vargas 12500 (CUZ).

COLOMBIA. Cundinamarca: M. Schneider 1126 (S); Mosquera, R. Jaramillo (COL).

MEXICO. Chihuahua: Juárez, E.W. Nelson 6085 (GH, K, US); Colonia Garcia, C.H.T. Townsend & C.M. Barber 228 (BM, F, GH, P, US); Arroyo Hondo, Sierra Charuco, H.S. Gentry 1787 (CAS, F, K, US). Coahuila: fide McDonald (1995). Durango: El Salto, P. Tenorio & J. Ignacio 9712 (MEXU, MO); Mezquital. Santa María de Ocotán, S. Acevedo 295 (IEB). Est. México & Dist. Fed.: J.G. Schaffner s.n. (P); Texcoco, A. Ventura 4225 (IEB). Guerrero: Mina, Manchon-Aguazarca, G.B. Hinton 9651 (BM, CAS, F, GH, K, NY, US). Jalisco: Balaños, L.M. Villareal 1924 (IEB). Michoacán: Morelia, G. Arsène 5204 (GH, US); Pátzcuaro, Cerro Blanco, E. Pérez 4005 (IEB); Uruapan, G.B. Hinton 15439 (K). Puebla: Cerro de Gavilán, C.A. Purpus 3906 (BM, CAS, E, NY, US). Sinaloa: Concordia, Cañon Santa María, A.C. Sanders et al. 21084 (UCR). Sonora: Navjoa, T.R. Van Devender et al. 93-1245 (ARIZ). Veracruz: Nevling & Gómez-Pompa 1820 (F, MEXU). Zacatecas: fide McDonald (1995).

UNITED STATES. Arizona: Coconino Co., E. Lehto 3454 (ARIZ, BM); Cochise Co., Chiricahua Mts., S. Walker s.n. [11/8/1963] (UTC); ibid., W. Hodgson 2600 (DES). New Mexico: White Mountains, E. O. Wooton 627 (CAS, GH, K, NMC, P, US); C. Wright 1616 (K); Mogollon Mts., O.B. Metcalfe 271 (K). Texas: Glass Mountains, Warnock 160 (GH).

Typifications.

There are several problems with the typification of the names listed above. The sheet with barcode GH00054464 ( Ipomoea plummerae ) consists of two collections of which only the portion towards the top and on the right of the sheet is the lectotype (Wright, Loew, Mr and Mrs J.G. Lemmon 2839), the other collection on the left (mounted on whiter paper) is Wright 1616, which is not part of the lectotype. Similarly, GH00054486 ( Ipomoea capillacea var. patens ) consists of two collections, of which only the plant on the left (whiter) side of the sheet is Palmer 910, constituting the lectotype. In the case of Quamoclit pedata there are three syntypes and we have designated the sheet annotated “holotype” by McDonald as the lectotype. McDonald chose Kurtz 11437 as the lectotype of Ipomoea minuta but it is actually a mixed gathering consisting of a typical plant (S07-4678) and forma adiantifolia (S12-7294), as annotated by O’Donell. In order to clarify the ambiguity we have redesignated the portion on the left of the sheet with barcode S07-4678 as the lectotype.

Notes.

Ipomoea plummerae is exceptionally variable in its leaf form and various infraspecific taxa have been recognised. The typical plant has leaves digitately divided into 5-7 linear leaflets. However, plants with rhomboidal leaves occur sporadically, the leaves basally cuneate but apically acute, the margin crenate, deeply 3-5-toothed or variously lobed. These are found usually in the presence of typical plants and can be recognised as forma adiantifolia if so desired. Ooststroom (1933: 208) illustrates the range of variation found in the leaf shape of this species in Peru. Forma adiantifolia appears to be restricted to the United States in the northern hemisphere but is common in Peru, Bolivia and Argentina.

In NW Mexico there occurs a relatively distinct variety with a nearly salverform corolla and a cylindrical basal tube 10-14 mm long. This can be recognised as var. cupulata .

The root is eaten in some Andean communities ( Gutiérrez-R, 2016).

Figures

Figure 2. Sepals of Ipomoea species. A I. setifera B I. dumetorum C I. aristolochiifolia D I. crinicalyx E I. plummerae F I. bahiensis G I. amnicola H I. appendiculata. Photographs of A (Wood et al. 27771) B (Wood et al. 27654) D (Wood et al. 27606) and G (Wood et al. 27706) by Beth Williams C (Wood 27926) H (Wood et al. 28024) by John Wood E by Mario Giorgetta F (Queiroz et al. 15950) by Hibert Huaylla.

Figure 141. Photographs of Ipomoea species A I. plummerae, form with entire leaves B I. plummerae, form with lobed leaves C I. longeramosa D I. costellata E I. amnicola F I. paludicola G I. chondrosepala. A, B Mario Giorgetti C Rosemary Clegg D Firefly Forest E-G Maira Martinez.