Pomaria Cav., Icon. 5: 1. 1799

Gagnon, Edeline, Bruneau, Anne, Hughes, Colin E., de Queiroz, Luciano Paganucci & Lewis, Gwilym P., 2016, A new generic system for the pantropical Caesalpinia group (Leguminosae), PhytoKeys 71, pp. 1-160 : 71

25. Pomaria Cav., Icon. 5: 1. 1799 Figs 39A-H , 40

Melanosticta DC. (1825).

Cladotrichium Vogel (1837).

Type.

Pomaria glandulosa Cav.

Description.

Small shrubs, subshrubs or perennial herbs, with a moderate to dense indumentum of simple curled hairs, sometimes also scattered plumose trichomes, intermixed with sessile, oblate glands (drying black) on stems. Stipules laciniate, pubescent, glandular, persistent. Leaves alternate, bipinnate, pinnae in 1-8 (- 11) pairs plus a terminal pinna; leaflets small, in 2-16 (- 27) pairs per pinna, always with multiple sessile glands on their lower surface (these orange in the field, drying black). Inflorescence a terminal or axillary raceme; bracts caducous. Flowers bisexual, zygomorphic; calyx comprising a hypanthium and 5 lanceolate sepals, the lower sepal cucullate, covering the other 4 in bud, and closely embracing the androecium and gynoecium at anthesis, sepals not persistent in fruit; petals 5, free, yellow, white, red or pink; stamens 10, filaments pubescent; ovary sparsely to densely hairy and glandular, stigma lateral. Fruit a linear or sickle-shaped, laterally-compressed pod, apex acute, with a sparse to dense covering of plumose/dendritic or stellate trichomes (these sometimes obscure and restricted to the fruit margin) intermixed with sessile oblate glands (drying black), elastically dehiscent, with twisting valves. Seeds laterally compressed.

Geographic distribution.

A genus of 17 taxa in 16 species: nine in North America (south-eastern USA, central and northern Mexico), four in South America (south-eastern Brazil, Paraguay, and Argentina), and three in southern Africa (Namibia, Botswana and South Africa).

Habitat.

Mainly in subtropical dry grassland and in degraded sites, many on limestone.

Etymology.

Named by Cavanilles for Dominic Pomar, botanist from Valencia, and doctor to Philip III (1598-1621), King of Spain.

Notes.

Revisions of the species of Pomaria are available for North America (Simpson, 1998), South America and Africa ( Simpson and Lewis 2003), and southern Africa (under the name Hoffmannseggia , Brummit and Ross 1974). A list of accepted species is given below, but excludes types and synonymy which are available in the aforementioned revisions.

References.

Burkart (1936: 86-90); Brummitt and Ross (1974, as Hoffmannseggia ); Ulibarri (1996, 2008); Simpson (1998); Simpson and Lewis (2003); Simpson et al. (2006).

Figures

Figure 39. Pomaria pilosa (Vogel) B. B. Simpson & G. P. Lewis. A inflorescences (A. A. Schneider, Flora Digital (http: // www. ufrgs. br / fitoecologia / florars /), Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, unvouchered). Pomaria rubicunda (Vogel) B. B. Simpson & G. P. Lewis B flowers C inflorescences (S. Bordignon, Flora Digital (http: // www. ufrgs. br / fitoecologia / florars /), Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, unvouchered). Pomaria jamesii (Torr. & Gray) Walp. D flower E fruit (P. Alexander, SEINet Arizona Chapter (http: // swbiodiversity. org / seinet / imagelib /), Arizona, USA, unvouchered); Pomaria burchellii (DC.) B. B. Simpson & G. P. Lewis subsp. burchellii (captions continued on next page) F flower G habit H fruits (O. Bourquin, Flora of Zimbabwe (http: // www. zimbabweflora. co. zw /), Ghanzi district, Botswana, unvouchered). Arquita grandiflora E. Gagnon, G. P. Lewis & C. E. Hughes I flower and buds (C. E. Hughes, Ancash, Peru, Saerkinen et al. 2225 (FHO )). Arquita celendiniana (G. P. Lewis & C. E. Hughes) E. Gagnon, G. P. Lewis & C. E. Hughes J flower (E. Gagnon, Cajamarca, Peru, Hughes & al. 3097 (MT )). Arquita trichocarpa (Griseb.) E. Gagnon, G. P. Lewis & C. E. Hughes K inflorescence M fruit (E. Gagnon, Salta, Argentina, Gagnon & Atchison 218 (MT )) O habit (E. Gagnon, Jujuy, Argentina, Gagnon et al. 204 (MT )). Arquita ancashiana (Ulibarri) E. Gagnon, G. P. Lewis & C. E. Hughes L undersurface of leaflet (E. Gagnon, Cajamarca, Peru, Hughes et al. 3065 (MT )). Arquita mimosifolia (Griseb.) E. Gagnon, G. P. Lewis & C. E. Hughes N fruit (E. Gagnon, Salta, Argentina, Gagnon et al. 203 (MT )).

Figure 40. Pomaria burchellii (DC.) B. B. Simpson & G. P. Lewis subsp. burchellii. A habit B, C leaflets from above and beneath, respectively D flower E calyx F-H calyx lobes I median petal J upper lateral petal K lower lateral petal L, M stamens N gynoecium O fruit, with enlargement of single trichome P part of single fruit valve showing seed. A-C, O, P from Wild & Drummond 6913 D-N from Galala 72. Drawn by D. Erasmus, originally published in Flora Zambesiaca, vol. 3 part 2, page 185 (2007).