Biston suppressaria ( Guenee , 1858)

Jiang, Nan, Xue, Dayong & Han, Hongxiang, 2011, A review of Biston Leach, 1815 (Lepidoptera, Geometridae, Ennominae) from China, with description of one new species, ZooKeys 139, pp. 45-96 : 63-64

Biston suppressaria ( Guenee, 1858) Figs 33-4080107123

Amphidasys suppressaria Guenée, 1858, in Boisduval & Guenée, Hist. nat. Insectes (Spec. gén. Lépid.), 9: 210. Syntypes 1♂, 2♀, central India.

Buzura multipunctaria Walker, 1863, List Specimens lepid. Insects Colln Br. Mus., 26: 1531. Syntypes 3♂♀, Silhet? (BMNH)

Biston suppressaria : Hampson, 1895, Fauna Br. India (Moths), 3: 247.

Buzura suppressaria : Prout, 1915, in Seitz, Macrolepid. World, 4: 360, pl. 19: i.

Buzura suppressaria benescripta Prout, 1915, in Seitz, Macrolepid. World, 4: 360. Holotype ♂, China: Chung-king. (BMNH), syn. n.

Biston (Buzura) suppressaria : Wehrli, 1941, in Seitz, Gross-Schmett. Erde, 4 (Suppl.): 436.

Biston (Buzura) suppressaria f. benesparsa Wehrli, 1941, in Seitz, Gross-Schmett. Erde, 4 (Suppl.): 436, pl. 36: f. Holotype ♂, China: Hunan, Höng-shan. (ZFMK)

Biston luculentus Inoue, 1992, Bull. Fac. domest. Sci. Otsuma Wom. Univ., 28: 171, figs 59, 60, 62-64. Holotype ♂, Thailand: Chanthaburi, Khao Soi Dao, 400 m. (UOS), syn. n.

Diagnosis.

This species is very close to Biston pustulata , but we can distinguish it by the following characters: the protrusion between M1 and M3 of the forewing postmedial line is shorter, shallowly bilobed and sometimes round; the projection between M1 and M3 of the hindwing postmedial line is round. In the male genitalia, it differs in the round apex of the juxta. The diagnostic characters of the female genitalia can be seen in Biston bengaliaria .

Material examineds.

CHINA, Hunan (ZFMK): Höng-shan, 900m, 25.V.1933, coll. H. Höne, 1♂ (Holotype of Biston suppressaria benesparsa ). Henan: Lingshan, 350 m, 25.V.1999, coll. Shen Xiaocheng, 1♂. Shaanxi (IZCAS): Foping, 900 m, 27.VI.1999, coll. Zhu Chaodong, 1♂. Jiangsu (IZCAS): 2.VIII.1933, 1♂1♀. Anhui (IZCAS): Huainan, 19. VII– 2.VIII.1981, 2♂. Zhejiang (IZCAS): Hangzhou, 19. VII– 15.VIII.1972, coll. Liu Youqiao, 7♂; Hangzhou, 16. VII– 1.VIII.1973, coll. Liu Youqiao and Zhang Baolin, 6♂1♀; Hangzhou, 22. V– 17.VI.1976, coll. Chen Yin, 1♂; Tianmushan, V.1936, 2♀; Tianmushan, 30.VII.1972, coll. Liu Youqiao, 2♂; Tianmushan, 24-25.VII.1973, coll. Zhang Baolin, 2♂; Taishun, Siqianzhen, 250 m, 4.VIII.2005, coll. Lang Songyun, 12♂; Taishun, Wuyanling, 400-680 m, 29.VII.-1.VIII.2005, coll. Lang Songyun, 10♂; Hubei (IZCAS):Zigui, Jiulingtou, 220-300 m, 23. VI– 25.VII.1993, coll. Song Shimei and Yao Jian, 8♂1♀; Xingshan, Longmenhe, 1350 m, 21. VI– 25.VII.1993, coll. Song Shimei and Huang Runzhi, 3♂; Badong, Sanxia Linchang, 180 m, 13-14.V.1994, coll. Li Wenzhu, 2♂; Dangyang, 1980, 1♂. Jiangxi (IZCAS): Dayu, 18.VII.1975, coll. Song Shimei and Zhang Baolin, 2♂; Jiulianshan, 30-31.VII.1975, coll. Song Shimei, 4♂; Dadishan, X.1980, 1♂; Xinyu, VII.1980, 1♂; Boyang, VII.1980, 1♂. Hunan (IZCAS): Changsha, Weishengwusuo, 3.V.1979, coll. Gan Yuankai, 1♂; Yueyang, VI.1981, 1♂; Cili, IV– 17.V.1981, 2♂; Fenghuang, 16.IX.1988, coll. Song Shimei, 1♀. Fujian (IZCAS): Mt. Wuyi, Huangxizhou, 500 m, 29.VII.2006, coll. Yang Chao, 1♂; Nanjing, 24.VII.1973, coll. Chen Yixin, 1♂; Sanming, 13. VII– 29.VIII.1981, coll. Xiao Hu, 3♂; Jiangle, Longqishan, 10.VIII.1991, coll. Song Shimei, 1♂. Guangdong (IZCAS): Boluo, III.1973, 3♂; Guangzhou, 29.V.1973, coll. Zhang Baolin, 1♂; Guangzhou, VII.1985, coll. Su Xing, 1♂; Yingde, Chayesuo, 30.VII.1979, 1♂; Zhiwuyuan, 13.VI.1978, 1♂. Hainan (IZCAS): Danzhou, Liangyuan, 130 m, 16.V.2007, coll. Han Hongxiang and Lang Songyun, 3♂1♀; Limushan, 26.V.1984, 1♀; Qiongzhong, Limuling, 14.V.2007, coll. Han Hongxiang, 1♂; Baisha, Yinggeling, 434 m, 4-5.IV.2008, coll. Lang Songyun, 7♂1♀; Wuzhishan, Shuiman, 730-900 m, 3-8.V.2007, coll. Lang Songyun, 3♂; Tongshi, 340 m, 28.V.1973, coll. Chen Yixin, 1♂; Baoting, 80 m, 23.V.1973, coll. Chen Yixin, 1♂; Wanning, 60 m, 13. VI– 29.VII.1963, coll. Zhang Baolin, 3♂1♀; Wanning, Xinglong, 41 m, 21.III.2008, coll. Lang Songyun, 1♂; Ledong, Jianfengling, 70-828 m, 17-21.V.2009, coll. Yan Keji, 11♂; Ledong, Jianfengling, 828 m, 24-27.III.2008, coll. Lang Songyun, 1♂1♀; Lingshui, Diaoluoshan, 260 m, 5.V.2007, coll. Han Hongxiang and Lang Songyun, 3♂1♀. Guangxi (IZCAS): Longsheng, 10-11.VI.1980, coll. Wang Linyao, 6♂1♀; Guilin, Yanshan, 19.VII.1976, coll. Zhang Baolin, 1♂; Guilin, 23.VI.1980, coll. Zhang Baolin, 1♂; Yulin, 400 m, 15.X.1983, coll. Luo Zhubiao, 1♂; Jinxiu, 200-1100 m, 10-20.V.1999, coll. Han Hongxiang et al., 14♂; Napo, Baihe, 440 m, 7.IV.1998, coll. Wu Chunsheng, 1♂; Qinzhou, 15.IV.1980, coll. Cai Rongquan, 1♂; Nanning, 13.IV.1980, 2♂; Pingxiang, 230 m, 8-17.VI.1976, 5♂2♀. Sichuan (IZCAS):Mt. Emei, Qingyinge, 800-1000 m, 20.V.1957, coll. Zhu Fuxing, 1♀; Yibin, Cuipingshan, 13.VIII.1981, coll. Zhang Yuelan, 1♂. Guizhou (IZCAS): Shibing, Ganxi, 690 m, 29.IV.1979, coll. Liu Wanzhao, 1♀; Jiangkou, Fanjingshan, 500 m, 11.VII.1988, coll. Li Wei, 3♂1♀. Yunnan (IZCAS): Baoshan, Bawan, 1100 m, 19-23.V.1992, coll. Xue Dayong, 2♂; Yongshan, 800 m, 30.IV.1979, 1♀; Lushui, 1250 m, 26.IV.1979, 1♀; Yuxi, Yuanjiang, 4.VII.1978, coll. Jiang Zhaolong, 1♂; Funing, Boyi, 250 m, 17.IV.1998, coll. Zhu Chaodong, 1♂; Cangyuan, 750 m, 19-22.V.1980, coll. Li Hongxing et al., 3♂; Ruili, Dengga, 980 m, 11. V– 8.VI.1992, coll. Xue Dayong, 3♂; Wanding, 400 m, 10.VI.1992, coll. Xue Dayong, 1♂; Xinping, Mosha, 800 m, 9.VIII.1980, 2♂; Jingdong, 1170 m, 21. IV– 9.VI.1956, coll. Zagwryyw, 2♂; Xishuangbanna, Damenglong, 650 m, 13.VIII.1958, coll. Zhang Yiran, 1♂; Xishuangbanna, Mengzhe, 1200 m, 8.IX.1958, coll. Wang Shuyong, 1♀; Xishuangbanna, 580-700 m, 13-14.IX.1993, coll. Xu Huanli et al, 3♂; Yiwu, Banna, Menglun, 650 m, 29. IV– 2.V.1964, coll. Zhang Baolin, 2♀. Tibet (IZCAS): Mêdog, Yarang, 1091 m, 20-23.VIII.2006, coll. Lang Songyun, 1♂. More material from Zhejiang, Hubei, Guangdong, Sichuan and Yunnan in coll. ZFMK.

Distribution.

China (Henan, Shaanxi, Jiangsu, Anhui, Zhejiang, Hubei, Jiangxi, Hunan, Fujian, Guangdong, Hainan, Hong Kong, Guangxi, Sichuan, Chongqing, Guizhou, Yunnan, Tibet); India; Burma; Nepal.

Remarks.

Prout (1915) mentioned that Biston suppressaria benescripta (Prout, 1915) can be distinguished from Biston suppressaria suppressaria ( Guenée, 1858) by the more obvious transverse lines, the absence of the median yellow band and the sparser black dots on the wings. However, after the examination of a long series of material, we find that the form with these variations occurs sympatrically with the nominotypical subspecies, such as in Hunan (Figs 33, 35) and Hainan (Figs 37, 38). And there is no genital difference between the two subspecies. So, we treat Biston suppressaria benescripta as a junior synonym of Biston suppressaria suppressaria .

Biston luculentus Inoue, 1992, described from SE. Thailand, is similar to Biston suppressaria benescripta , but has the transverse lines even more clearly expressed (e.g. see fig. 37 which is almost identical with Biston luculentus ). Like Biston suppressaria benescripta , also the Biston luculentus form occurs sympatrically with typical Biston suppressaria suppressaria or with Biston suppressaria benesparsa Wehrli, the latter being a rather rare form, at many places. Also at the type locality of Biston luculentus (Prov. Chanthaburi, Khao Soi Dao) it occurs together with typical suppressaria (coll. ZFMK) Comparison of the genitalia of the two revealed no differences. Thus we follow Stüning (in litt.) and synonymize Biston luculentus with Biston suppressaria . Besides, we also believe that the strange, almost patternless female figured by Inoue (1992) as paratype of Biston luculentus , belongs to another, still unidentified species.