Paramyiolia nigrihumera Han & Chen, 2015

Han, Ho-Yeon & Chen, Xiao-Lin, 2015, Phylogeny of the genus Paramyiolia Shiraki (Diptera: Tephritidae: Trypetini) with descriptions of five Chinese species, Florida Entomologist 98 (1), pp. 86-86 : 86-

Paramyiolia nigrihumera Han & Chen sp. nov. ( Figs. 6 , 15, 16 , 22 , 28 , 33 ).

TYPE MATERIAL

HOLOTYPE: 3, CHINA: Sichuan: Mt. Emei , 550-750 m, 2-V-1957, Z.Y. Wang ; PARATYPES: 13, Sichuan: Mt. Emei, Temple Baoguo , 600 m, 9-V-1957, L.Y. Zheng and H.H. Cheng; 13 , Yunnan: Xishuangbanna , 650 m, 7-IV-1958, S.Y. Wang .

DIAGNOSIS

Paramyiolia nigrihumera can be easily distinguished by the following combination of characteristics: 1) wing with narrow, medially-interrupt- ed C-band extending from DM-Cu to anterior apical wing margin and then along margin to slightly beyond apex of vein R 4+5; 2) scutum predominantly yellow brown with large triangular dark brown speck behind postpronotal lobe ( Fig. 6 ); 3) mediotergite shiny brown, distinctly darker than yellow brown scutellum; and 4) abdominal syntergite 1+2 yellow brown and tergites 3-5 dark brown ( Fig. 6 ; female unknown).

DESCRIPTION

Body ( Figs. 6 , 15, 16 ) yellow brown ground color with tergites 3-5 dark brown; setae brown and setulae yellow brown; wing length 4.7 mm and thorax length 2.0 mm. Male head ( Fig. 22 ) yellow brown except dark brown ocellar triangle; frons brown, sparsely covered with fine yellow brown setulae, deeply concave with highly modified frontal setae; anterior 2 frontal setae greatly enlarged and flattened with 2 nd seta slightly shorter than and about 0.7x as thick as 1 st seta; posterior 2 frontal setae much thinner with 3 rd seta twice as thick as 4 th one, both setae about 0.7x as long as 1 st seta; fronto-orbital plate associated with enlarged setae sharply elevated; frontal-head ratio 0.40, eye ratio 0.70 and genal-eye ratio 0.10; inner vertical seta 0.8x longest diameter of eye; outer vertical seta 0.6-0.8x as long as inner vertical seta; postocellar seta 0.4x as long as inner vertical seta; paravertical seta 0.5x as long as postocellar seta; ocellar triangle dark brown; ocellar seta 1.3-1.7x as long as ocellar triangle; antenna with aristal-antennal ratio 1.7; scape and pedicel with yellow brown setulae; arista short pubescent, dark brown except yellow brown base; parafacial narrow, about 0.3x as wide as flagellomere 1; facial ridge with short fine pale setulae; genal seta yellow brown; postgena moderately swollen with long yellow brown setulae; postocular setae extended 0.6x distance from upper eye margin to lower eye margin; supracervical setulae yellow brown; maxillary palp with brown apical and subapical setulae. Thorax predominantly yellow brown with dark brown to brown setae and yellow brown setulae; scutum heavily pruinose with large triangular dark brown speck behind postpronotal lobe (the paratype male from Sechuan has a small additional dark speck just behind transverse suture); dorsocentral seta about 0.4x distance from level of intra-alar seta to postsutural supra-alar seta; scutellum slightly convex, almost bare with few tiny marginal setulae, basal seta 2.4-2.6x as long as scutellum and apical seta 1.7x as long as scutellum; proepisternum densely covered with long yellow brown setulae; anepisternum with lower seta 0.7-0.9x as long as upper seta; lower half of katepisternum dark brown; mediotergite shiny brown. Legs yellow brown with brown to yellow brown setae and setulae; fore femur strongly swollen with 5 posteroventral setae; midtibial spur 1.3-1.5x as long as midtibia width. Wing ( Fig. 16 ) hyaline with brown to yellow brown pattern; typical Anomoia - type pattern with narrow, medially-interrupted C-band extending from DM-Cu to anterior apical wing margin and then along margin to slightly beyond apex of vein R 4+5; crossvein DM-Cu strongly oblique forming apically pointed cell dm; basal area enclosed by pterostigma, crossvein R-M, and basal half of cell DM-Cu almost entirely dark brown except for hyaline spot covering middle 1/3 of cell c and small postero-medial hyaline spot in cell br; wing-thorax ratio 2.3, vein R 4+5 ratio 2.6-2.8, vein M ratio 0.48-0.55 and subcostal-costal ratio 0.50-0.56; R 4+5 with 11 tiny setulae between node and crossvein R-M.

Male abdomen ( Fig. 6 ) about as long as wide; syntergite 1+2 yellow brown; tergites 3-5 dark brown; sternites 1-4 yellow brown; sternite 5 brown; epandrium ( Fig. 28 ) brown and surstylus yellow brown; lateral surstylus with both anterior and posterior lobes angular, truncate apically in lateral view; glans ( Fig. 33 ) with distinct subapical lobe; acrophallus abruptly narrowed near apex, directed downward at about 75 degree angle; dorsal sclerite without extensive sculpture pattern found in most other genera of the subtribe Chetostomatina ; vesica relatively large, about 0.7x as long as sclerotized portion of glans.

Female unknown.

DISTRIBUTION

China (Sichuan, Yunnan) .

ETYMOLOGY

The specific epithet is a noun derived from the Latin ‘niger’, meaning black, and ‘humerus’, meaning shoulder, referring to the dark area behind postpronotal lobe.

Figures

Figs. 3–8. Male thorax and abdominal patterns of the Paramyiolia cornuta species group in dorsal view. (3) P. atra; (4) P. atrifasciata; (5) P. melanogaster; (6) P. nigrihumera; (7) P. yunnana; (8) P. cornuta.

Figs. 9–18. Chinese Paramyiolia species in lateral and dorsal views (all male holotype specimens). (9, 10) P. atra; (11, 12) P. atrifasciata; (13, 14) P. melanogaster; (15, 16) P. nigrihumera; (17, 18) P. yunnana. This figure is shown in color in a supplementary document online as Suppl. Figs. 9–18 in Florida Entomologist 98(1) (March 2015) at http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/entomologist/browse.

Figs. 19–24. Heads of Chinese Paramyiolia in fronto-lateral view. (19) P. atra, holotype male; (20) P. atrifasciata, holotype male; (21) P. melanogaster, holotype male; (22) P. nigrihumera, holotype male; (23) P. yunnana, holotype male; (24) P. yunnana, paratype female (size and position of missing anterior frontal setae marked in dotted lines based on a Japanese P. cornuta female – Ito, 1985). This figure is shown in color in a supplementary document online as Suppl. Figs. 19–24 in Florida Entomologist 98(1) (March 2015) at http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/entomologist/browse.

Figs. 25–29. Epandrial complexes of Chinese Paramyiolia in caudal and lateral views (all from holotypes). (25) P. atra; (26) P. atrifasciata; (27) P. melanogaster; (28) P. nigrihumera; (29) P. yunnana. This figure is shown in color in a supplementary document online as Suppl. Figs. 25–29 in Florida Entomologist 98(1) (March 2015) at http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/entomologist/browse.

Figs. 30–34. Glanses of Chinese Paramyiolia in caudal and lateral views (all from holotypes). (30) P. atra; (31) P. atrifasciata; (32) P. melanogaster; (33) P. nigrihumera; (34) P. yunnana. This figure is shown in color in a supplementary document online as Suppl. Figs. 30–34 in Florida Entomologist 98(1) (March 2015) at http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/entomologist/browse.