Ipomoea capillacea (Kunth) G. Don

Wood, John R. I., Munoz-Rodriguez, Pablo, Williams, Bethany R. M. & Scotland, Robert W., 2020, A foundation monograph of Ipomoea (Convolvulaceae) in the New World, PhytoKeys 143, pp. 1-823 : 1

288. Ipomoea capillacea (Kunth) G. Don , Gen. Hist. 4: 267. 1838. (Don 1838: 267)

Convolvulus capillaceus Kunth , Nov. Gen. Sp. 3: 97. 1818 [pub. 1819]. Kunth 1819: 97). Type. COLOMBIA. Humboldt & Bonpland 2046 (holotype P00670737).

Ipomoea muricata Cav. , Icones 5: 52, pl. 478, f.2. 1794 [pub. 1799], nom. illeg., non Ipomoea muricata (L.) Jacq. (1798). Type. MEXICO. Guanajuato, L. Née s.n. (lectotype MA 475850, designated here).

Ipomoea armata Roem. & Schult. , Syst. Veg. 4: 214. 1819. (Roemer and Schultes 1819: 214). Type. Based on Ipomoea muricata Cav.

Leptocallis armata (Roem. & Schult.) G. Don in Sweet, Hort. Brit. , ed. 3: 482. 1839. (Sweet 1839: 482).

Ipomoea muricatisepala Matuda , Ann. Inst. Biol. Mex. 34: 124. 1964. (Matuda 1964: 124), nom. superfl. Type. Based on Ipomoea muricata Cav.

Ipomoea pseudo-linum Pittier, J. Wash. Acad. Sci. 17: 287. 1927. (Pittier 1927: 287). Type. VENEZUELA. Dist. Fed.: sobre Caracas, H. Pittier 7279 (holotype VEN, isotypes GH00054611, US00111450).

Ipomoea muricata forma alba Woodson & Seibert , Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 24: 201. 1937. (Woodson and Seibert 1937: 201). Type. PANAMA. Chiriquí: Llanos del Volcán, R.J. Seibert 341a (holotype MO152735).

Type.

Based on Convolvulus capillaceus Kunth

Description.

Perennial herb with a subterranean elongate, bulb-like rootstock, similar to Ipomoea plummerae ; stems to 30 cm, usually erect, glabrous. Leaves imbricate, subsessile, digitately divided into 5 segments, the segments 6-7 mm long, filiform, acute, apiculate; petioles 0-1.5 mm. Inflorescence of solitary axillary flowers; peduncles 1-2 mm; bracteoles 1-2 mm long, scarious, lanceolate to ovate; pedicels 2-6 mm; sepals unequal, outer 4-5 × 2 mm, ovate, acute, muricate or warty except on broad scarious margins; inner 5-6 × 4 mm, broadly ovate, acute to obtuse, muricate, scarious except for midrib, mostly smooth but warted near base; corolla 2.5-3 cm long, funnel-shaped, pink, glabrous, limb entire, 1.7 cm diam. Capsules subglobose, 3-5 mm, glabrous, the delicate style persistent; seeds 3 × 2.5 mm, brown, tomentellous.

Illustration.

Carranza (2007: 61).

Distribution.

Seasonally dry mountainous regions from the United States Southwest through Mexico and Central America to Peru, occurring mostly from 500-2000 m often at somewhat lower altitudes than Ipomoea plummerae . It is very sporadic in South America.

PERU. Cusco: Convención, Potrero, C. Vargas 1855 (CUZ).

ECUADOR. Imbabura: Near Carchi, L.B. Holm-Nielsen & J.L. Jaramillo 28931 (MO).

COLOMBIA. Cauca: F.C. Lehmann 602 (K), 7907 (F, K, US); K. von Sneidern 280 (S), 2539 (S, US). Magdalena/Cesar: Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, Purdie s.n. (K); L. Schlim 760 (BR, K).

VENEZUELA. Aragua: Col. Tovar, Moritz 782 (BM), A. Fendler 952 (GH, K). Carabobo: H. Pittier 9025 (GH); Dist. Fed.: J. Steyermark 56982 (F). Mérida: J. Steyermark 57048 (F). Miranda: G. & B. de Morillo 3718 (MO); R.W.G. Dennis 2253 (K).

PANAMA. Chiriquí: Llanos del Volcán, R.J. Seibert 341 (GH, K, MO, NY): P.H. Allen 4847 (F, K, MO).

COSTA RICA. Puntarenas, Buenas Aires, M. Valerio 122 (K, MO).

NICARAGUA. Nuevo Segovia, W.D. Stevens 3308 (MO); ibid., Santa Maria de Los Pinos, P.P. Moreno 24527 (BM, MO).

HONDURAS. A. Molina 7510 (F); Siguatepeque, T.G. Yuncker et al. 5712 (K).

EL SALVADOR. Chalchuapa, Calderon 6969 (US).

GUATEMALA. J. Steyermark 48220 (F, NY): G. Bernoulli 331 (K).

MEXICO. Aguascalientes: K.T. Hartweg 94 (BM). Baja California Sur: Sierra San Francisquito, T.S. Brandegee s.n. (CAS, NY, US). Coahuila: E. Palmer 9100 (K). Chiapas: Tonalá, E.W. Nelson 2879 (US). Chihuahua: C.G. Pringle 1340 (F, K); Río Mayo, Guasaremos, H.S. Gentry 2334 (CAS, F, GH, K, S). Durango: E. Palmer 302 (BM, K); Mun. Santiago Papasquiaro, P. Tenorio & C. Romero 1034 (MO), 4179 (MEXU); E.W. Nelson 4640 (K, US). Est. México & Dist. Fed.: Tacubaya, M. St. Pierre 2595 (K, P); Tepotzotlán, D.G. Saucedo s.n. [7/8/1966] (F); Texcoco, A. Ventura 4252 (BM, NY); Temascaltepec, Mina de Agua, G.B. Hinton 1407 (K), ibid., Nanchititla, G.B. Hinton 6523 (BM, K), ibid., G.B. Hinton 8456 (K, NY, US). Guanajuato: San Felipe, J. Rzedowski 47296 (IEB). Guerrero: Manchón, Mina, G.B. Hinton 9211 (GH, K, NY, US). Jalisco: Guadalajara, C.G. Pringle 11048 (K). Michoacán: Morelia, G. Arsène 6701 (MO, US); Cerro del Águila, Morelia, E. Sánchez et al. 86 (K, MEXU); Pátzcuaro, Cerro Blanco, E. Pérez 4006 (IEB). Morelos: W of Cuernavaca, J. Flores Crespo 327 (ASU). Nayarit: fide McDonald (1995). Oaxaca: D.H. Lorence et al. 3543 (MO). Puebla: Cerro de Paxtle, C.A. Purpus 3368 (BM, CAS, F, MO, US). Querétaro: Colón, La Esperanza, S. Zamudio 8004 (IEB). San Luis de Potosí: S.E. Verhoek-Williams et al. 506 (MO); Cerro de San Miguelito, J.A. Nova et al. 417 (K). Sinaloa: San Ignacio, J. G. Ortega 494 (K). Sonora: Mesa Las Cabañas, A.L. Reina-G et al. 2009-1334 (ARIZ). Veracruz: Veracruz-Orizaba, Müller 1605 (K); H. Galeotti 1353 (BR, K). Zacatecas: K.T. Hartweg s.n. (K); Valparaíso, San Pedro de la Sierra, P. Carillo-Reyes & F. Puig 3241 (IEB).

UNITED STATES. Arizona: J.G. Lemmon 2836 (BM, K, US); Cochise Co., Chirocahua Mts., J.C. Blumer 1643 (ARIZ, F, K, NMC, RM, US). New Mexico: Catron Co., Gila Cliff Mont., E. Bennet 156 (ARIZ); ibid., J. Kramer 4 (RM). Texas: Trans-Pecos Mountains region fide Correll and Johnston (1970).

Note.

Ipomoea capillacea and I. plummerae are very close and often confused. Indeed molecular evidence appears to give little support for their distinction. Morphologically I. capillacea is distinguished by its erect habit and imbricate leaves with filiform leaflets. The sepals are slightly shorter reaching only 5 mm.