Serratovola rubicunda (Recluz, 1843)

Dijkstra, Henk H. & Maestrati, Philippe, 2008, New species and new records of deep-water Pectinoidea (Bivalvia: Propeamussiidae, Entoliidae and Pectinidae) from the South Pacific, Mémoires du Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle 196, pp. 77-114 : 110-113

Serratovola rubicunda (Récluz in Chenu, 1843)

Figs 46, 47

Pecten asper Sowerby, 1842: 50 , pl. 19, figs 196-197 (non Lamarck, 1819).

Pecten rubicundus Récluz in Chenu, 1843: 3, pl. 7, figs 4-5 (nom. nov. for Pecten asper Sowerby ).

Other reference:

Serratovola rubicunda - Dijkstra 1998: 29, pl. 4, figs 7-8.

MATERIAL EXAMINED. — The type material (see Dijkstra 1998: 18 ˚12’S, 178˚33’E, 149-168 m, 2 lv; stn CP 1370, 18˚12’S, 29). 178˚33’E, 113-123 m, 3 lv, 2 rv; stn CP 1371, 18˚12’S, 178˚33’E,

Solomon Islands. SALOMON 1: stn CP 1761, 08°47’S, 135-151 m, 2 lv, 3 rv; stn DW 1388, 18˚19’S, 178˚02’E, 313-446 160°02’E, 191-290 m, 1 lv; stn DW 1776, 08°21’S, 160°41’E, m, 1 lv, 1 rv; stn CP 1389, 18˚19’S, 178˚05’E, 241-417 m, 1 rv; 295-381 m, 2 lv, 4 rv. stn CP 1390, 18˚19’S, 178˚05’E, 234-361 m, 2 rv.

Fiji. MUSORSTOM 10: stn CP 1323, 17˚16’S, 177˚46’E, 143- Tonga. BORDAU 2: stn DW 1567, 21˚02’S, 175˚19’W, 351- 173 m, 1 lv; stn CP 1324, 17˚17’S, 177˚47’E, 102-104 m, 2 rv; 356 m, 1 rv; stn CP 1582, 18°41’S, 174°03’W, 79-82 m, 1 spm stn DW 1357, 17˚49’S, 178˚47’E, 81-110 m, 2 lv, 5 rv; stn CP (Figs 46, 47).

1358, 17˚49’S, 178˚47’E, 80-120 m, 2 spms, 2 rv; stn CP 1366,

DISTRIBUTION. — Japan, Philippines, South China Sea, Indonesia and Papua New Guinea ( Dijkstra 1998: 29); live in 30- 140 m (Dijkstra unpubl. data). New records for the Solomon Islands, Fiji and Tonga. Present material live in 80-82 m.

DESCRIPTION. — Shell up to 35 mm in height, circular, inequivalve and equilateral, right valve much more convex than almost flat left valve, auricles small and nearly equal in size, umbonal angle 110˚-120˚, left valve coloured with numerous delicate red spots and/or streaks, right valve paler or more whitish.

Left valve sculptured with 17-18, regularly spaced, angular radial ribs solid or with hollow sections laterally. Interspaces slightly wider than one radial rib, bearing widely spaced, commarginal lamellae, lamellae also present on ribs near ventral margin where they are more closely spaced. Anterior and posterior auricle almost the same size, both with similar sculpture of closely spaced, commarginal lamellae and some very weak radial ridges.

Right valve with 18-19, regularly spaced, radial ribs, angular in early ontogeny, more rounded in late ontogeny, with similar sculpture as on left valve. Auricles with similar sculpture to that on left valve. Byssal notch very weak, ctenolium lacking in adult stage.

REMARKS. — The present material is similar to the type specimen, although somewhat paler in colour. The radial ribs of the right valve are highly variable: angular with hollow sections laterally (usually in early ontogeny), or rounded without these hollow sections. Both are observed in the present material, even in one specimen (stn DW 1357 ) .

For comparison with Serratovola gardineri (Smith, 1903) from the Maldive Islands and Serratovola pallula Dijkstra, 1998 from Papua New Guinea and northern Australia, see Dijkstra (1998).

DISCUSSION

Thirty two species of deep-water Pectinoidea are now known from Fiji and Tonga, of which 3 are new to science ( Propeamussium boucheti , Parvamussium lozoueti and Similipecten herosae ). Of these, 28 species were taken alive in 70-1216 m, and 4 were represented by shells only in 188- 614 m. Of the 32 species, 3 (10 %) are possible endemics and 29 (90 %) are more widespread Indo-Pacific species. By contrast, only 8 species have been recorded from the Marquesas, but 2 (25%) are new species and are possible endemics. The Marquesas have been found to be speciespoor but endemic-rich in other molluscan taxa (e.g., Conus , see Moolenbeek et al. 2008), and this does not appear to be a result of uneven sampling efforts in different island groups. Subsequently to the SALOMON 1 cruise studied in the present paper, two more expeditions have taken place in the Solomon Islands (SALOMON 2 in 2004, SALOMONBOA 3 in 2007). Pending study of the additional pectinoid samples from these cruises, we refrain from making comments on the overall species richness of that archipelago.

Nearly all the present species are related to the tropical Indo-West Pacific region and are now new records for Fiji and Tonga. The geographic distribution of 30 species is extended considerably eastwards.

In comparison with Table 1 of Dijkstra (2001) the number of species is somewhat reduced, because of some deadtaken species that are known from the littoral of other localities in the Indo-Pacific, and possibly transported to bathyal depths.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

We are much indebted to Drs P. Bouchet and B. Richer de Forges for allowing us to study the Pectinoidea from the Solomon Islands, Norfolk Ridge, Loyalty Islands, Fiji, Tonga and the Marquesas archipelago. We are also very grateful to Drs P. Bouchet and A. Beu for their advice and critical comments on this paper. Thanks are also due to V. Héros ( MNHN) and Dr R. H. Cowie for editing this paper and to Dr M. Glaubrecht ( ZMB) for preparing some digital photographs of Cryptopecten bernardi .

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